1NUTMEG(1) General Commands Manual NUTMEG(1)
2
6 nutmeg - spice post-processor
7
9 nutmeg [ - ] [ -n ] [ -t term ] [ datafile ... ]
10
12 Nutmeg is a post processor for SPICE - it takes the raw output file
13 created by spice -r and plots the data on a graphics terminal or a
14 workstation display. Note that the raw output file is different from
15 the data that SPICE writes to the standard output.
16 Arguments are:
18 - Don't try to load the default data file ("rawspice") if no other
20 files are given.
21 -n (or --no-spiceinit)
23 Don't try to source the file ".spiceinit" upon startup. Normally
24 nutmeg tries to find the file in the current directory, and if
25 it is not found then in the user's home directory.
26 -t term (or --term=term)
28 The program is being run on a terminal with mfb name term.
29 -h (or --help)
31 Display a verbose help on the arguments available to the pro‐
32 gram.
33 -v (or --version)
35 Display a version number and copyright information of the pro‐
36 gram.
37 Further arguments are taken to be data files in binary or ascii format
39 (see sconvert(1)) which are loaded into nutmeg. If the file is in
40 binary format, it may be only partially completed (useful for examining
41 SPICE ouput before the simulation is finished). One file may contain
42 any number of data sets from different analyses.
43 Nutmeg data is in the form of vectors: time, voltage, etc. Each vector
45 has a type, and vectors can be operated on and combined algebraicly in
46 ways consistent with their types. Vectors are normally created when a
47 data file is read in (see the load command below), and when the initial
48 datafile is loaded. They can also be created with the let command.
49 An expression is an algebraic formula involving vectors and scalars (a
51 scalar is a vector of length 1), and the following operations:
52 +, -, *, %, /, ^, and ,.
54 % is the modulo operator, and the comma operator has two meanings: if
56 it is present in the argument list of a user-definable function, it
57 serves to seperate the arguments. Otherwise, the term x , y is synony‐
58 mous with x + j(y).
59 Also available are the logical operations & (and), | (or), ! (not), and
61 the relational operations <, >, >=, <=, =, and <> (not equal). If used
62 in an algebraic expression they work like they would in C, producing
63 values of 0 or 1. The relational operators have the following syn‐
64 onyms: "gt" is >, "lt" is <, "ge" is >=, "le" is <=, "ne" is <>, "eq"
65 is =, "and" is &, "or" is |, and "not" is !. These are useful when <
66 and > might be confused with IO redirection (which is almost always).
67 The following functions are available:
69 mag(vector) - The magnitude of vector.
71 ph(vector) - The phase of vector.
73 j(vector) - i (sqrt(-1)) times vector.
75 real(vector) - The real component of vector.
77 imag(vector) - The imaginary part of vector.
79 db(vector) - 20 * log10(mag(vector)).
81 log(vector) - The logarithm (base 10) of the vector.
83 ln(vector) - The natural logarithm (base e) of vector.
85 exp(vector) - e to the vector power.
87 abs(vector) - The absolute value of vector.
89 sqrt(vector) - The square root of vector.
91 sin(vector) - The sin of vector.
93 cos(vector) - The cosine of vector.
95 tan(vector) - The tangent of vector.
97 atan(vector) - The inverse tangent of vector.
99 norm(vector) - The vector normalized to 1 (i.e, the largest mag‐
101 nitude of any component will be 1).
102 rnd(vector) - A vector with each component a random integer
104 between 0 and the absolute value of the vectors's corresponding
105 component.
106 mean(vector) - The result is a scalar (a length 1 vector) that
108 is the mean of the elements of vector.
109 vector(number) - The result is a vector of length number, with
111 elements 0, 1, ... number - 1. If number is a vector then just
112 the first element is taken, and if it isn't an integer then the
113 floor of the magnitude is used.
114 length(vector) - The length of vector.
116 interpolate(plot.vector) - The result of interpolating the named
118 vector onto the scale of the current plot. This function uses
119 the variable polydegree to determine the degree of interpola‐
120 tion.
121 A vector may be either the name of a vector already defined, a float‐
123 ing- point number (a scalar), or a list like [elt1 elt2 ... eltn],
124 which is a vector of length n. A number may be written in any format
125 acceptable to SPICE, such as 14.6MEG or -1.231E-4. Note that you can
126 either use scientific notation or one of the abbreviations like MEG or
127 G, but not both. As with SPICE, a number may have trailing alphabetic
128 characters after it.
129 The notation expr [lower upper], where lower and upper are numbers,
131 denotes the range of elements from expr between lower and upper. The
132 notation expr [num] denotes the num'th element of expr. If upper is
133 lower than lower, the order of the elements in the vector is reversed.
134 In all other cases, [ and ] serve to surround literal vectors as
135 described above. (You may have to use a lot of parentheses to make
136 sure that you get what you want. For instance, you have to type print
137 (foo) ([1 2]) to print the two vectors. Otherwise it will be inter‐
138 preted as a function call or a vector with an index.) Note that the
139 expression foo[10 20][5] will not yield the 15th element of foo, but
140 rather the 5th. In general only the last index suffix on an expression
141 will take effect.
142 To reference vectors in a plot that is not the current plot (see the
144 setplot command, below), the notation plotname.vecname can be used.
145 Either a plotname or a vector name may be the wildcard all. If the
147 plotname is all, matching vectors from all plots are specified, and if
148 the vector name is all, all vectors in the specified plots are refer‐
149 enced. Note that you may not use binary operations on expressions
150 involving wildcards - it is not obvious what all + all should denote,
151 for instance.
152 Thus some (contrived) examples of expressions are:
154 cos(TIME) + db(v(3))
156 sin(cos(log([1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10])))
158 TIME * rnd(v(9)) - 15 * cos(vin#branch) ^ [7.9e5 8]
160 not ((ac3.FREQ[32] & tran1.TIME[10]) gt 3)
162 Nutmeg commands are as follows:
164 plot exprs [ylimit ylo yhi] [xlimit xlo xhi] [xindices xilo xihi]
166 [xcompress comp] [xdelta xdel] [ydelta ydel] [xlog] [ylog] [vs xname]
167 [xlabel word] [ylabel word] [title word] [samep]
168 Plot the given exprs on the screen (if you are on a graphics
169 terminal). The xlimit and ylimit arguments determine the high
170 and low x- and y-limits of the axes, respectively. The xindices
171 arguments determine what range of points are to be plotted -
172 everything between the xilo'th point and the xihi'th point is
173 plotted. The xcompress argument specifies that only one out of
174 every comp points should be plotted. If an xdelta or a ydelta
175 parameter is present, it specifies the spacing between grid
176 lines on the X- and Y-axis. These parameter names may be abbre‐
177 viated to xl, yl, xind, xcomp, xdel, and ydel respectively. The
178 xname argument is an expression to use as the scale on the x-
179 axis. If xlog or ylog are present, the X or Y scale respec‐
180 tively will be logarithmic. The xlabel and ylabel arguments
181 cause the specified labels to be used for the X and Y axes,
182 respectively. If samep is given, the values of the other param‐
183 eters (other than xname) from the previous plot, hardcopy, or
184 asciiplot command will be used unless re-defined on the command
185 line. Finally, the title argument will be used in the place of
186 the plot name at the bottom of the graph.
187 hardcopy file plotargs
189 Just like plot, except creates a file called file containing the
190 plot. The file is an image in plot(5) format, and can be
191 printed by either the plot(1) program or lpr with the -g flag.
192 asciiplot plotargs
194 Produce a line printer plot of the vectors. The plot is sent to
195 the standard output, so you can put it into a file with asci‐
196 iplot args ... > file. The set options width, height, and
197 nobreak determine the width and height of the plot, and whether
198 there are page breaks, respectively. Note that you will have
199 problems if you try to asciiplot something with an X-scale that
200 isn't monotonic (i.e, something like sin(TIME) ), because asci‐
201 iplot uses a simple-minded sort of linear interpolation.
202 define function(arg1, arg2, ...) expression
204 Define the user-definable function with the name function and
205 arguments arg1, arg2, ... to be expression, which may involve
206 the arguments. When the function is later used, the arguments it
207 is given are substituted for the formal arguments when it is
208 parsed. If expression is not present, any definition for func‐
209 tion is printed, and if there are no arguments to define then
210 all currently active definitions are printed. Note that you may
211 have different functions defined with the same name but differ‐
212 ent arities. Some useful definitions are:
213 define max(x,y) (x > y) * x + (x <= y) * y
215 define min(x,y) (x < y) * x + (x >= y) * y
216 undefine function ...
218 Definitions for the named user-defined functions are deleted.
219 let name = expr
221 Creates a new vector called name with the value specified by
222 expr, an expression as described above. If expr is [] (a zero-
223 length vector) then the vector becomes undefined. If there are
224 no arguments, let is the same as display.
225 print [col] [line] expr ...
227 Prints the vector described by the expression expr. If the col
228 argument is present, print the vectors named side by side. If
229 line is given, the vectors are printed horizontally. col is the
230 default, unless all the vectors named have a length of one, in
231 which case line is the default. The options width, length, and
232 nobreak are effective for this command (see asciiplot). If the
233 expression is all, all of the vectors available are printed.
234 Thus print col all > file will print everything in the file in
235 SPICE2 format. The scale vector (time, frequency) will always
236 be in the first column unless the variable noprintscale is true.
237 load [filename] ...
239 Loads the raw data in either binary or ascii format from the
240 files named. The default filename is rawspice, or the argument
241 to the -r flag if there was one.
242 source filename
244 Reads commands from the file filename. Lines beginning with the
245 character * are considered comments and ignored.
246 help [all] [command ...]
248 Prints help. If the argument all is given, a short description
249 of everything you could possibly type is printed. If commands
250 are given, descriptions of those commands are printed. Other‐
251 wise help for only a few major commands is printed.
252 display [varname ...]
254 Prints a summary of currently defined vectors, or of the names
255 specified. The vectors are sorted by name unless the variable
256 nosort is set. The information given is the name of the vector,
257 the length, the type of the vector, and whether it is real or
258 complex data. Additionally, one vector will be labeled [scale].
259 When a command such as plot is given without a vs argument, this
260 scale is used for the X-axis. It is always the first vector in a
261 rawfile, or the first vector defined in a new plot. If you unde‐
262 fine the scale (i.e, let TIME = []), a random remaining vector
263 will become the scale.
264 setplot [plotname]
266 Set the current plot to the plot with the given name, or if no
267 name is given, prompt the user with a menu. (Note that the
268 plots are named as they are loaded, with names like tran1 or
269 op2. These names are shown by the setplot and display commands
270 and are used by diff, below.) If the "New plot" item is
271 selected, the current plot will become one with no vectors
272 defined. Note that here the word "plot" refers to a group of
273 vectors that are the result of one SPICE run. When more than
274 one file is loaded in, or more than one plot is present in one
275 file, nutmeg keeps them seperate and only shows you the vectors
276 in the current plot.
277 settype type vector ...
279 Change the type of the named vectors to type. Type names can be
280 found in the manual page for sconvert.
281 diff plot1 plot2 [vec ...]
283 Compare all the vectors in the specified plots, or only the
284 named vectors if any are given. There are different vectors in
285 the two plots, or any values in the vectors differ significantly
286 the difference is reported. The variables abstol, reltol, and
287 vntol are used to determine what "significantly" means (see the
288 SPICE3 User's Manual).
289 quit Quit nutmeg.
291 bug Send a bug report. (If you have defined BUGADDR, the mail will
293 go there.)
294 write [file] [exprs]
296 Writes out the expr's to file. First vectors are grouped
297 together by plots, and written out as such. (I.e, if the
298 expression list contained three vectors from one plot and two
299 from another, then two plots will be written, one with three
300 vectors and one with two.) Additionally, if the scale for a
301 vector isn't present, it is automatically written out as well.
302 The default format is ascii, but this can be changed with the
303 set filetype command. The default filename is rawspice, or the
304 argument to the -r flag on the command line, if there was one,
305 and the default expression list is all.
306 shell [args ...]
308 Fork a shell, or execute the arguments as a command to the
309 shell.
310 alias [word] [text ...]
312 Causes word to be aliased to text. History substitutions may be
313 used, as in C-shell aliases.
314 unalias [word ...]
316 Removes any aliases present for the words.
317 history [number]
319 Print out the history, or the last number commands typed at the
320 keyboard. Note: in version 3a7 and earlier, all commands
321 (including ones read from files) were saved.
322 set [word] [word = value] ...
324 Set the value of word to be value, if it is present. You can
325 set any word to be any value, numeric or string. If no value is
326 given then the value is the boolean 'true'. The value of word
327 may be inserted into a command by writing $word. If a variable
328 is set to a list of values that are enclosed in parentheses
329 (which must be seperated from their values by white space), the
330 value of the variable is the list. The variables meaningful to
331 nutmeg (of which there are too many) are:
332 abstol
334 The absolute tolerance used by the diff command.
335 appendwrite
337 Append to the file when a write command is issued, if
338 one already exists.
339 colorN
341 These variables determine the colors used, if X is
342 being run on a color display. N may be between 0 and
343 15. Color 0 is the background, color 1 is the grid and
344 text color, and colors 2 through 15 are used in order
345 for vectors plotted. The value of the color variables
346 should be names of colors, which may be found in the
347 file /usr/lib/rgb.txt.
348 combplot
350 Plot vectors by drawing a vertical line from each point
351 to the X-axis, as opposed to joining the points. Note
352 that this option is subsumed in the plottype option,
353 below.
354 cpdebug
356 Print cshpar debugging information. (Must be complied
357 with the -DCPDEBUG flag.)
358 debug
360 If set then a lot of debugging information is printed.
361 (Must be compiled with the -DFTEDEBUG flag.)
362 device
364 The name (/dev/tty??) of the graphics device. If this
365 variable isn't set then the user's terminal is used. To
366 do plotting on another monitor you will probably have
367 to set both the device and term variables. (If device
368 is set to the name of a file, nutmeg will dump the
369 graphics control codes into this file -- this is useful
370 for saving plots.)
371 echo
373 Print out each command before it is executed.
374 filetype
376 This can be either ascii or binary, and determines what
377 the format of rawfiles will be. The default is ascii.
378 fourgridsize
380 How many points to use for interpolating into when
381 doing fourier analysis.
382 gridsize
384 If this variable is set to an integer, this number will
385 be used as the number of equally spaced points to use
386 for the Y-axis when plotting. Otherwise the current
387 scale will be used (which may not have equally spaced
388 points). If the current scale isn't strictly mono‐
389 tonic, then this option will have no effect.
390 hcopydev
392 If this is set, when the hardcopy command is run the
393 resulting file is automatically printed on the printer
394 named hcopydev with the command lpr -Phcopydev -g file.
395 hcopydevtype
397 This variable specifies the type of the printer output
398 to use in the hardcopy command. If hcopydevtype is not
399 set, plot (5) format is assumed. The standard distri‐
400 bution currently recognizes postscript as an alterna‐
401 tive output format. When used in conjunction with
402 hcopydev, hcopydevtype should specify a format sup‐
403 ported by the printer.
404 height
406 The length of the page for asciiplot and print col.
407 history
409 The number of events to save in the history list.
410 nfreqs
412 The number of frequencies to compute in the fourier
413 command. (Defaults to 10.)
414 nobreak
416 Don't have asciiplot and print col break between pages.
417 noasciiplotvalue
419 Don't print the first vector plotted to the left when
420 doing an asciiplot.
421 noclobber
423 Don't overwrite existing files when doing IO redirect‐
424 ion.
425 noglob
427 Don't expand the global characters `*', `?', `[', and
428 `]'. This is the default.
429 nogrid
431 Don't plot a grid when graphing curves (but do label
432 the axes).
433 nomoremode
435 If nomoremode is not set, whenever a large amount of
436 data is being printed to the screen (e.g, the print or
437 asciiplot commands), the output will be stopped every
438 screenful and will continue when a carriage return is
439 typed. If nomoremode is set then data will scroll off
440 the screen without hesitation.
441 nonomatch
443 If noglob is unset and a global expression cannot be
444 matched, use the global characters literally instead of
445 complaining.
446 nosort
448 Don't have display sort the variable names.
449 noprintscale
451 Don't print the scale in the leftmost column when a
452 print col command is given.
453 numdgt
455 The number of digits to print when printing tables of
456 data (fourier, print col). The default precision is 6
457 digits. On the VAX, approximately 16 decimal digits
458 are available using double precision, so numdgt should
459 not be more than 16. If the number is negative, one
460 fewer digit is printed to ensure constant widths in
461 tables.
462 plottype
464 This should be one of normal, comb, or point:chars.
465 normal, the default, causes points to be plotted as
466 parts of connected lines. comb causes a comb plot to
467 be done (see the description of the combplot variable
468 above). point causes each point to be plotted seper‐
469 ately - the chars are a list of characters that will be
470 used for each vector plotted. If they are omitted then
471 a default set is used.
472 polydegree
474 The degree of the polynomial that the plot command
475 should fit to the data. If polydegree is N, then nutmeg
476 will fit a degree N polynomial to every set of N points
477 and draw 10 intermediate points in between each end‐
478 point. If the points aren't monotonic, then it will try
479 rotating the curve and reducing the degree until a fit
480 is achieved.
481 polysteps
483 The number of points to interpolate between every pair
484 of points available when doing curve fitting. The
485 default is 10. (This should really be done automati‐
486 cally.)
487 program
489 The name of the current program (argv[0]).
490 prompt
492 The prompt, with the character `!' replaced by the cur‐
493 rent event number.
494 rawfile
496 The default name for rawfiles created.
497 reltol
499 The relative tolerance used by the diff command.
500 rhost
502 The machine to use for remote SPICE-3 runs, instead of
503 the default one. (See the description of the rspice
504 command, below.)
505 rprogram
507 The name of the remote program to use in the rspice
508 command.
509 slowplot
511 Stop between each graph plotted and wait for the user
512 to type return before continuing.
513 sourcepath
515 A list of the directories to search when a source com‐
516 mand is given. The default is the current directory
517 and the standard spice library (/usr/local/lib/spice,
518 or whatever LIBPATH is #defined to in the source.
519 spicepath
521 The program to use for the aspice command. The default
522 is /cad/bin/spice.
523 term
525 The mfb name of the current terminal.
526 units
528 If this is degrees, then all the trig functions will
529 use degrees instead of radians.
530 unixcom
532 If a command isn't defined, try to execute it as a UNIX
533 command. Setting this option has the effect of giving
534 a rehash command, below. This is useful for people who
535 want to use nutmeg as a login shell.
536 verbose
538 Be verbose. This is midway between echo and debug /
539 cpdebug.
540 vntol
542 The absolute voltage tolerance used by the diff com‐
543 mand.
544 width
546 The width of the page for asciiplot and print col.
547 xbrushheight
549 The height of the brush to use if X is being run.
550 xbrushwidth
552 The width of the brush to use if X is being run.
553 xfont
555 The name of the X font to use when plotting data and
556 entering labels. The plot may not look entirely great
557 if this is a variable-width font.
558 unset [word] ...
560 Unset the variables word.
561 shift [varname] [number]
563 If varname is the name of a list variable, it is shifted to the
564 left by number elements. (I.e, the number leftmost elements are
565 removed.) The default varname is argv, and the default number
566 is 1.
567 rusage [resource ...]
569 Print resource usage statistics. If any resources are given,
570 just print the usage of that resource. Currently valid
571 resources are:
572 elapsed
574 The amount of time elapsed since the last rusage elaped
575 call.
576 faults
578 Number of page faults and context switches (BSD only).
579 space
581 Data space used.
582 time
584 CPU time used so far.
585 everything
587 All of the above.
588 cd [directory] Change the current working directory to directory, or
590 to the user's home directory if none is given.
591 aspice [output-file]
593 Start a SPICE-3 run, and when it is finished load the
594 data. The raw data is kept in a temporary file. If out‐
595 put-file is specified then the diagnostic output is
596 directed into that file, otherwise it is thrown away.
597 jobs Report on the asynchronous SPICE-3 jobs currently run‐
599 ning. Nutmeg checks to see if the jobs are finished
600 every time you execute a command. If it is done then
601 the data is loaded and becomes available.
602 rspice [input file]
604 Runs a SPICE-3 remotely taking the input file as a
605 SPICE-3 input deck, or the current circuit if no argu‐
606 ment is given. Nutmeg waits for the job to complete,
607 and passes output from the remote job to the user's
608 standard output. When the job is finished the data is
609 loaded in as with aspice. If the variable rhost is set,
610 nutmeg will connect to this host instead of the default
611 remote SPICE-3 server machine. Note that this command
612 will only work if your system administrator is running
613 a SPICE-3 daemon on the remote host. If the variable
614 rprogram is set, then rspice will use this as the path‐
615 name to the program to run.
616 echo [stuff...] Echos the arguments.
618 fourier fundamental_frequency [value ...]
620 Does a fourier analysis of each of the given values,
621 using the first 10 multiples of the fundamental fre‐
622 quency (or the first nfreqs, if that variable is set -
623 see below). The output is like that of the .four card.
624 The values may be any valid expression. The values are
625 interpolated onto a fixed-space grid with the number of
626 points given by the fourgridsize variable, or 200 if it
627 is not set. The interpolation will be of degree poly‐
628 degree if that variable is set, or 1. If polydegree is
629 0, then no interpolation will be done. This is likely
630 to give erroneous results if the time scale is not
631 monotonic, though.
632 version [version id]
634 Print out the version of nutmeg that is running. If
635 there are arguments, it checks to make sure that the
636 arguments match the current version of SPICE. (This is
637 mainly used as a Command: line in rawfiles.)
638 rehash Recalculate the internal hash tables used when looking
640 up UNIX commands, and make all UNIX commands in the
641 user's PATH available for command completion. This is
642 useless unless you have set unixcom first (see above).
643 The following control structures are available:
645 while condition
647 statement
648 ...
649 end
650 While condition, an arbitrary algebraic expression, is true, execute
652 the statements.
653 repeat [number]
655 statement
656 ...
657 end
658 Execute the statements number times, or forever if no argument is
660 given.
661 dowhile condition
663 statement
664 ...
665 end
666 The same as while, except that the condition is tested after the state‐
668 ments are executed.
669 foreach var value ...
671 statement
672 ...
673 end
674 The statements are executed once for each of the values, each time with
676 the variable var set to the current one. (var can be accessed by the
677 $var notation - see below).
678 if condition
680 statement
681 ...
682 else
683 statement
684 ...
685 end
686 If the condition is non-zero then the first set of statements are exe‐
688 cuted, otherwise the second set. The else and the second set of state‐
689 ments may be omitted.
690 label word
692 If a statement of the form goto word is encountered, control is trans‐
694 fered to this point, otherwise this is a no-op.
695 goto word
697 If a statement of the form label word is present in the block or an
699 enclosing block, control is transfered there. Note that if the label
700 is at the top level, it must be before the goto statement (i.e, a for‐
701 ward goto may occur only within a block).
702 continue
704 If there is a while, dowhile, or foreach block enclosing this state‐
706 ment, control passes to the test, or in the case of foreach, the next
707 value is taken. Otherwise an error results.
708 break
710 If there is a while, dowhile, or foreach block enclosing this state‐
712 ment, control passes out of the block. Otherwise an error results.
713 Of course, control structures may be nested. When a block is entered
715 and the input is the terminal, the prompt becomes a number of >'s
716 equalling the number of blocks the user has entered. The current con‐
717 trol structures may be examined with the debugging command cdump.
718 If a word is typed as a command, and there is no built-in command with
720 that name, the directories in the sourcepath list are searched in order
721 for the file. If it is found, it is read in as a command file (as if
722 it were sourced). Before it is read, however, the variables argc and
723 argv are set to the number of words following the filename on the com‐
724 mand line, and a list of those words respectively. After the file is
725 finished, these variables are unset. Note that if a command file calls
726 another, it must save its argv and argc since they will get altered.
727 Also, command files may not be re-entrant since there are no local
728 variables. (Of course, the procedures may explicitly manipulate a
729 stack...) This way one can write scripts analogous to shell scripts
730 for nutmeg and . Note that for the script to work with , it must begin
731 with a blank line (or whatever you like, since it will be thrown away)
732 and then a line with .control on it. This is an unfortunate result of
733 the source command being used for both circuit input and command file
734 execution. Note also that this allows the user to merely type the name
735 of a circuit file as a command, and it will be automatically run.
736 There are various command scripts installed in
738 /usr/local/lib/spice/scripts (or whatever the path is on your machine),
739 and the default sourcepath includes this directory, so you can use
740 these command files (almost) like builtin commands.
741 Nutmeg will use either X or MFB, depending on whether it finds the
743 variable DISPLAY in the environment. If you are using X on a worksta‐
744 tion, it should already be present, but if you want to display graphics
745 on a different machine than the one you are running nutmeg on, DISPLAY
746 should be of the form machine:0.
747 If X is being used, the cursor may be positioned at any point on the
749 screen when the window is up and characters typed at the keyboard will
750 be added to the window at that point. The window may then be sent to a
751 printer using the xpr(1) program.
752 There are a number of pre-defined constants in nutmeg. They are:
754 pi pi
755 e The base of natural logarithms
756 c The speed of light
757 i The square root of -1
758 kelvin Absolute 0 in Centigrade
759 echarge The charge on an electron
760 boltz Boltzman's constant
761 planck Planck's constant (h)
762 These are all in MKS units. If you have another variable with a name
765 that conflicts with one of these then it takes precedence.
766 Nutmeg occasionally checks to see if it is getting close to running out
768 of space, and warns the user if this is the case. (This is more likely
769 to be useful with the SPICE front end.)
770 C-shell type quoting with "" and '', and backquote substitution may be
772 used. Within single quotes, no further substitution (like history sub‐
773 stitution) is done, and within double quotes, the words are kept
774 together but further substitution is done. Any text between backquotes
775 is replaced by the result of executing the text as a command to the
776 shell.
777 Tenex-style ('set filec' in the 4.3 C-shell) command, filename, and
779 keyword completion is possible: If EOF (control-D) is typed after the
780 first character on the line, a list of the commands or possible argu‐
781 ments is printed. (If it is alone on the line it will exit nutmeg.) If
782 escape is typed, then nutmeg will try to complete what the user has
783 already typed. To get a list of all commands, the user should type
784 <space> ^D.
785 The values of variables may be used in commands by writing $varname
787 where the value of the variable is to appear. The special variables $$
788 and $< refer to the process ID of the program and a line of input which
789 is read from the terminal when the variable is evaluated, respectively.
790 If a variable has a name of the form $&word, then word is considered a
791 vector (see above), and its value is taken to be the value of the vari‐
792 able. If $foo is a valid variable, and is of type list, then the
793 expression $foo[low-high] represents a range of elements. Either the
794 upper index or the lower may be left out, and the reverse of a list may
795 be obtained with $foo[len-0]. Also, the notation $?foo evaluates to 1
796 if the variable foo is defined, 0 otherwise, and $#foo evaluates to the
797 number of elements in foo if it is a list, 1 if it is a number or
798 string, and 0 if it is a boolean variable.
799 History substitutions, similar to C-shell history substitutions, are
801 also available - see the C-shell manual page for all of the details.
802 The characters ~, {, and } have the same effects as they do in the C-
804 Shell, i.e., home directory and alternative expansion. It is possible
805 to use the wildcard characters *, ?, [, and ] also, but only if you
806 unset noglob first. This makes them rather useless for typing algebraic
807 expressions, so you should set noglob again after you are done with
808 wildcard expansion. Note that the pattern [^abc] will match all charac‐
809 ters except a, b, and c.
810 IO redirection is available - the symbols >, >>, >&, >>&, and < have
812 the same effects as in the C-shell.
813 You may type multiple commands on one line, seperated by semicolons.
815 If you want to use a different mfbcap file than the default (usually
817 ~cad/lib/mfbcap), you have to set the environment variable MFBCAP
818 before you start nutmeg. The -m option and the mfbcap variable no
819 longer work.
820
822 Nutmeg can be run under VAX/VMS. Some features like command, etc com‐
823 pletion, expansion of *, ?, and [], backquote substitution, the shell
824 command, and so forth do not work. (In fact command completion only
825 works on 4.2 or 4.3 BSD.)
826 Nutmeg will look for start-up commands in the file spice.rc in the cur‐
828 rent directory.
829 The standard suffix for rawspice files in VMS is ".raw".
831 You will have to respond to the -more- prompt during plot with a car‐
833 riage return instead of any key as you can do on UNIX.
834
836 sconvert(1), spice(1), mfb(3), writedata(3)
837
839 Wayne Christopher (faustus@cad.berkeley.edu)
840
842 The label entry facilities are very primitive - after all, nutmeg isn't
843 a graphics editor (yet). You must be careful to type very slowly when
844 entering labels -- nutmeg checks the X event queue once every second,
845 and can get very confused if characters arrive faster than that.
846 If you redefine colors after creating a plot window with X, and then
848 cause the window to be redrawn, it will not to the right thing.
849 When defining aliases like
851 alias pdb plot db( '!:1' - '!:2' )
853 you must be careful to quote the argument list substitutions in this
855 manner. If you quote the whole argument it might not work properly.
856 In a user-defined function, the arguments cannot be part of a name that
858 uses the plot.vec syntax. I.e,
859 define poke(duck) cos(tran1.duck)
861 won't do the right thing.
863 If you type plot all all, or otherwise use a wildcard reference for one
865 plot twice in a command, bad things will happen.
866 The asciiplot command doesn't deal with log scales or the delta key‐
868 words.
869 There are probably some features that nutmeg doesn't have yet.
871
873 Often the names of terminals recognised by MFB are different from those
874 in /etc/termcap. Thus you may have to reset your terminal type with the
875 command
876 set term = termname
878 where termname is the name in the mfbcap file.
880 The hardcopy command is useless on VMS and other systems without the
882 plot command, unless the user has a program that understands plot(5)
883 format.
8844th Berkeley Distribution 27 April 1987 NUTMEG(1)