1QPS(1) General Commands Manual QPS(1)
2
6 qps - Visual Process Manager
7
9 qps [ options ]
10
12 qps is a monitor that displays the status of the processes currently in
13 existence, much like top(1) or ps(1). The user interface uses the Qt
14 toolkit, and most operations should be fairly intuitive.
15 The process list is sorted by the highlighted field. Click on another
17 title to change; click again to reverse the sorting order. Rearrange
18 the columns by dragging the titles.
19 Left-clicking on a process selects or deselects it. Shift-click to
21 select multiple processes. The PIDs of selected processes can be pasted
22 into other applications (this option can be disabled).
23 The right mouse button pops up a context menu, which duplicates some
25 functions from the main menu for convenience. It works both on pro‐
26 cesses and on the column headings.
27 Control-clicking in the process table selects all processes with the
29 same displayed value in the particular column clicked in. For instance,
30 to select all processes owned by "joshua", keep Control pressed while
31 clicking on "joshua". Shift and Control together produces the expected
32 result.
33 In Tree mode, the parent-child relations between processes is shown in
35 a more obvious way. Click on the triangles to show or hide an entire
36 subtree. Sorting only affects siblings; the tree structure imposes the
37 global order.
38 To change the time-sharing priority of the selected processes, type the
40 new priority in the Renice... dialog. The new nice value should be in
41 the range -20 to 20; 0 is the default. A larger number means that the
42 process gets less CPU time. Only the super-user may decrease the nice
43 value.
44 The Change Scheduling... dialog allows the super-user to change the
46 scheduling policy of the selected processes (using Posix.1b scheduling
47 control). Normal processes are set to SCHED_OTHER and have static pri‐
48 ority 0; (soft) real-time processes have the policy SCHED_FIFO or
49 SCHED_RR and a static priority in the range of 1 to 99. (See
50 sched_setscheduler(2).) Solaris has additional scheduling policies, but
51 right now qps doesn't allow setting these.
52 By default, the process display updates every 5 seconds. To change,
54 type the new update period in the Update Period... dialog. The units
55 min, s and ms may be used (if none, seconds are assumed). You can force
56 an update by pressing the space bar or clicking the Update button. qps
57 will consume a lot of CPU time if the update period is short or zero.
58 If iconified, however, qps will use very little CPU.
59 The USER field shows the real user ID. If the effective user ID of a
61 process is different from its real user ID, a plus sign (+) is appended
62 to the user name; if it is the super-user, an asterisk (*) is appended.
63 The load, CPU, memory and swap displays in the status bar can be tog‐
65 gled between graphic and text representations by clicking on them, or
66 by settings in the Preferences... dialog. The load numbers shown are
67 the number of jobs in the run queue averaged over 1, 5 and 15 minutes.
68 The swap bar will turn red if free swap space falls below a certain
70 value, which can be changed in the Preferences... dialog. The number
71 can be entered in K, M (megabytes) or % (percent of total swap space).
72 The default is 10%.
73 On SMP (multi-CPU) machines running Solaris 2.6 or Linux 2.1.x or
75 later, the CPU stats will be shown for each processor in vertical mode,
76 and the average of all CPUs in horizontal mode.
77 For displaying the WCHAN field as symbols, the kernel symbol file Sys‐
79 tem.map is needed. qps will search for it in the following locations:
80 /boot/System.map-RELEASE
82 /boot/System.map
83 /lib/modules/RELEASE/System.map
84 /usr/src/linux-RELEASE/System.map
85 /usr/src/linux/System.map
86 /usr/local/src/linux-RELEASE/System.map
87 /usr/local/src/linux/System.map
88 where RELEASE is the kernel release number, for instance "2.0.29". If
90 the System.map file isn't found or unreadable, hexadecimal addresses
91 will be displayed instead. The prefixes "sys_" and "do_" are stripped
92 from the symbols before they are displayed. Under Solaris, symbolic
93 names are currently not supported and hexadecimal addresses will always
94 be shown.
95 The View Details menu item opens a window that shows different aspects
97 of the selected processes. Double-clicking on a process has the same
98 effect. All information is only available to the owner of the process
99 (and to the super-user).
100 The Sockets table (Linux only) shows the currently used TCP and UDP
102 sockets. If Host Name Lookup is checked in the Preferences dialog, a
103 host name lookup will be done for each IP address. This is done by a
104 background process but can take a while for difficult cases (but once
105 looked up, addresses are cached).
106 The Memory Maps table shows the process's memory mappings. In Linux
108 2.0.x and Solaris, the file names are not given. Anonymous mappings
109 (allocated memory not bound to a file or device) are marked (anony‐
110 mous).
111 The Files table shows the process's open files. In Linux 2.0.x, the
113 files are given on the form [AABB]:inode, where AA and BB are the
114 device major/minor numbers in hexadecimal.
115 The Environment table shows the process's environment variables. Note
117 that this is the environment with which the process was started, not
118 necessarily incorporating later changes. Some processes that modify
119 their command line, notably sendmail(8) and ftpd(8), may use the envi‐
120 ronment space for this, showing nonsense in this table. Clicking on the
121 field headings changes sorting order as usual. (On Solaris, only the
122 first 8K of the environment are shown. It will be fixed if it turns out
123 to be a limitation.)
124 Find Parent and Find Children will select the parent/children of the
126 selected processes, and center the table on the first of them. Find
127 Descendants will select the tree of all children of the selected pro‐
128 cesses.
129 If Include Child Times is selected in the Options menu, the TIME field
131 will show the sum of the CPU times used by the process and all of its
132 children.
133 You can specify commands to be run on the selected processes by bring‐
135 ing up the Edit Commands... dialog. The "Description" of each command
136 is what appears in the menu; the "Command Line" is a shell command
137 (executed with /bin/sh). Before the command is passed to the shell, the
138 following substitutions are made:
139 %p with the PID (Process ID) of the selected process
141 %c with the short command name of the process
143 %C with the complete command line of the process
145 %u with the name of the (real) owner of the process
147 %% with a literal '%'.
149 Any other % + letter combination is removed. The command line will be
151 run once for each selected process (in unspecified order).
152
154 (valid in most contexts)
155 Meta-W Close the active window (except the main window)
157 Q, Meta-Q
159 Quit qps.
160 Space Force an update of the displayed tables.
162 Control-Z
164 Iconify qps.
165
167 -display display
168 sets the X display (default is $DISPLAY)
169 -geometry geometry
171 sets the geometry of the main window of qps
172 -background color
174 sets the default background color and an application palette
175 (light and dark shades are calculated). This doesn't work very
176 well at the moment.
177 -foreground color
179 sets the default foreground color. This has limited use as well.
180 -title title
182 sets the application title (caption).
183 -style style
185 sets the application GUI style. Possible styles are motif and
186 windows. (If you are using Qt 2.x, the styles cde and platinum
187 are also available.)
188 -font font
190 sets the application font
191 -iconic
193 starts the application iconified.
194 -version
196 prints the version of qps and the Qt library, and exits.
197 -help prints a summary of command-line options and exits.
199
201 QPS_COLORS contains color specifications of comma-separated name:value
202 pairs, where name is one of the following:
203 cpu-user, cpu-nice (Linux), cpu-sys, cpu-wait (Solaris), cpu-idle, mem-
205 used, mem-buff, mem-cache, mem-free, swap-used, swap-free, swap-warn,
206 load-bg, load-fg, load-lines, selection-bg, selection-fg
207 value is an X11 color name, either a symbolic name like "salmon" or an
209 RGB color like #c5b769.
210
212 /proc kernel information pseudo-filesystem
213 $HOME/.qps-settings saved settings between invocations
214 /etc/services port number to service name mapping (Linux)
215 System.map kernel symbol map for WCHAN (Linux)
216
218 ps(1), top(1), kill(1), free(1), renice(8), proc(5), sched_setsched‐
219 uler(2)
220
222 Mattias Engdegard (f91-men@nada.kth.se)
223
225 qps is free software and may be redistributed under certain conditions.
226 See the GNU General Public License for details.
227
229 qps is too big and too slow.
230 The %CPU number isn't accurate at very short update intervals due to
232 timer granularity.
233 The %WCPU field isn't recalculated when qps is iconified, so it might
235 take a while to readjust when the window is deiconified again.
236 The WCHAN field doesn't show a function name if a process sleeps in a
238 location outside those in System.map (for instance, in a kernel mod‐
239 ule), but a hex address instead. The function name can then be found in
240 /proc/ksyms but has to be found by hand right now.
241 The CPU indicator in the status bar will display nonsense in SMP sys‐
243 tems running Linux 2.0.x due to a kernel bug.
244 Adding/removing CPUs at runtime will probably confuse qps.
2464th Berkeley Distribution Sept 30 1999 QPS(1)