1STRPTIME(P) POSIX Programmer's Manual STRPTIME(P)
2
6 strptime - date and time conversion
7
9 #include <time.h>
10 char *strptime(const char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format,
12 struct tm *restrict tm);
13
16 The strptime() function shall convert the character string pointed to
17 by buf to values which are stored in the tm structure pointed to by tm,
18 using the format specified by format.
19 The format is composed of zero or more directives. Each directive is
21 composed of one of the following: one or more white-space characters
22 (as specified by isspace()); an ordinary character (neither '%' nor a
23 white-space character); or a conversion specification. Each conversion
24 specification is composed of a '%' character followed by a conversion
25 character which specifies the replacement required. The application
26 shall ensure that there is white-space or other non-alphanumeric char‐
27 acters between any two conversion specifications. The following conver‐
28 sion specifications are supported:
29 %a The day of the week, using the locale's weekday names; either
31 the abbreviated or full name may be specified.
32 %A Equivalent to %a .
34 %b The month, using the locale's month names; either the abbrevi‐
36 ated or full name may be specified.
37 %B Equivalent to %b .
39 %c Replaced by the locale's appropriate date and time representa‐
41 tion.
42 %C The century number [00,99]; leading zeros are permitted but not
44 required.
45 %d The day of the month [01,31]; leading zeros are permitted but
47 not required.
48 %D The date as %m / %d / %y .
50 %e Equivalent to %d .
52 %h Equivalent to %b .
54 %H The hour (24-hour clock) [00,23]; leading zeros are permitted
56 but not required.
57 %I The hour (12-hour clock) [01,12]; leading zeros are permitted
59 but not required.
60 %j The day number of the year [001,366]; leading zeros are permit‐
62 ted but not required.
63 %m The month number [01,12]; leading zeros are permitted but not
65 required.
66 %M The minute [00,59]; leading zeros are permitted but not
68 required.
69 %n Any white space.
71 %p The locale's equivalent of a.m or p.m.
73 %r 12-hour clock time using the AM/PM notation if t_fmt_ampm is not
75 an empty string in the LC_TIME portion of the current locale; in
76 the POSIX locale, this shall be equivalent to %I : %M : %S %p .
77 %R The time as %H : %M .
79 %S The seconds [00,60]; leading zeros are permitted but not
81 required.
82 %t Any white space.
84 %T The time as %H : %M : %S .
86 %U The week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the
88 week) as a decimal number [00,53]; leading zeros are permitted
89 but not required.
90 %w The weekday as a decimal number [0,6], with 0 representing Sun‐
92 day; leading zeros are permitted but not required.
93 %W The week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the
95 week) as a decimal number [00,53]; leading zeros are permitted
96 but not required.
97 %x The date, using the locale's date format.
99 %X The time, using the locale's time format.
101 %y The year within century. When a century is not otherwise speci‐
103 fied, values in the range [69,99] shall refer to years 1969 to
104 1999 inclusive, and values in the range [00,68] shall refer to
105 years 2000 to 2068 inclusive; leading zeros shall be permitted
106 but shall not be required.
107 Note:
109 It is expected that in a future version of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
110 the default century inferred from a 2-digit year will change.
111 (This would apply to all commands accepting a 2-digit year as
112 input.)
113 %Y The year, including the century (for example, 1988).
116 %% Replaced by % .
118 Modified Conversion Specifiers
121 Some conversion specifiers can be modified by the E and O modifier
122 characters to indicate that an alternative format or specification
123 should be used rather than the one normally used by the unmodified con‐
124 version specifier. If the alternative format or specification does not
125 exist in the current locale, the behavior shall be as if the unmodified
126 conversion specification were used.
127 %Ec The locale's alternative appropriate date and time representa‐
129 tion.
130 %EC The name of the base year (period) in the locale's alternative
132 representation.
133 %Ex The locale's alternative date representation.
135 %EX The locale's alternative time representation.
137 %Ey The offset from %EC (year only) in the locale's alternative rep‐
139 resentation.
140 %EY The full alternative year representation.
142 %Od The day of the month using the locale's alternative numeric sym‐
144 bols; leading zeros are permitted but not required.
145 %Oe Equivalent to %Od .
147 %OH The hour (24-hour clock) using the locale's alternative numeric
149 symbols.
150 %OI The hour (12-hour clock) using the locale's alternative numeric
152 symbols.
153 %Om The month using the locale's alternative numeric symbols.
155 %OM The minutes using the locale's alternative numeric symbols.
157 %OS The seconds using the locale's alternative numeric symbols.
159 %OU The week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the
161 week) using the locale's alternative numeric symbols.
162 %Ow The number of the weekday (Sunday=0) using the locale's alterna‐
164 tive numeric symbols.
165 %OW The week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the
167 week) using the locale's alternative numeric symbols.
168 %Oy The year (offset from %C ) using the locale's alternative
170 numeric symbols.
171 A conversion specification composed of white-space characters is exe‐
174 cuted by scanning input up to the first character that is not white-
175 space (which remains unscanned), or until no more characters can be
176 scanned.
177 A conversion specification that is an ordinary character is executed by
179 scanning the next character from the buffer. If the character scanned
180 from the buffer differs from the one comprising the directive, the
181 directive fails, and the differing and subsequent characters remain
182 unscanned.
183 A series of conversion specifications composed of %n , %t , white-space
185 characters, or any combination is executed by scanning up to the first
186 character that is not white space (which remains unscanned), or until
187 no more characters can be scanned.
188 Any other conversion specification is executed by scanning characters
190 until a character matching the next directive is scanned, or until no
191 more characters can be scanned. These characters, except the one match‐
192 ing the next directive, are then compared to the locale values associ‐
193 ated with the conversion specifier. If a match is found, values for the
194 appropriate tm structure members are set to values corresponding to the
195 locale information. Case is ignored when matching items in buf such as
196 month or weekday names. If no match is found, strptime() fails and no
197 more characters are scanned.
198
200 Upon successful completion, strptime() shall return a pointer to the
201 character following the last character parsed. Otherwise, a null
202 pointer shall be returned.
203
205 No errors are defined.
206 The following sections are informative.
208
210 None.
211
213 Several "equivalent to" formats and the special processing of white-
214 space characters are provided in order to ease the use of identical
215 format strings for strftime() and strptime().
216 Applications should use %Y (4-digit years) in preference to %y (2-digit
218 years).
219 It is unspecified whether multiple calls to strptime() using the same
221 tm structure will update the current contents of the structure or over‐
222 write all contents of the structure. Conforming applications should
223 make a single call to strptime() with a format and all data needed to
224 completely specify the date and time being converted.
225
227 None.
228
230 The strptime() function is expected to be mandatory in the next version
231 of this volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001.
232
234 scanf() , strftime() , time() , the Base Definitions volume of
235 IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <time.h>
236
238 Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
239 from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
240 -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
241 Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
242 Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
243 event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
244 The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
245 is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
246 at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
247IEEE/The Open Group 2003 STRPTIME(P)