1NOTE(3EXT) Extended Library Functions NOTE(3EXT)
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6 NOTE, _NOTE - annotate source code with info for tools
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9 #include <note.h>
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13 NOTE(NoteInfo);
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16 or
17 #include<sys/note.h>
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21 _NOTE(NoteInfo);
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25 These macros are used to embed information for tools in program source.
26 A use of one of these macros is called an "annotation". A tool may
27 define a set of such annotations which can then be used to provide the
28 tool with information that would otherwise be unavailable from the
29 source code.
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32 Annotations should, in general, provide documentation useful to the
33 human reader. If information is of no use to a human trying to under‐
34 stand the code but is necessary for proper operation of a tool, use
35 another mechanism for conveying that information to the tool (one which
36 does not involve adding to the source code), so as not to detract from
37 the readability of the source. The following is an example of an anno‐
38 tation which provides information of use to a tool and to the human
39 reader (in this case, which data are protected by a particular lock, an
40 annotation defined by the static lock analysis tool lock_lint).
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42 NOTE(MUTEX_PROTECTS_DATA(foo_lock, foo_list Foo))
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46 Such annotations do not represent executable code; they are neither
47 statements nor declarations. They should not be followed by a semi‐
48 colon. If a compiler or tool that analyzes C source does not understand
49 this annotation scheme, then the tool will ignore the annotations. (For
50 such tools, NOTE(x) expands to nothing.)
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53 Annotations may only be placed at particular places in the source.
54 These places are where the following C constructs would be allowed:
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56 o a top-level declaration (that is, a declaration not within a
57 function or other construct)
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59 o a declaration or statement within a block (including the
60 block which defines a function)
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62 o a member of a struct or union.
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65 Annotations are not allowed in any other place. For example, the fol‐
66 lowing are illegal:
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68 x = y + NOTE(...) z ;
69 typedef NOTE(...) unsigned int uint ;
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73 While NOTE and _NOTE may be used in the places described above, a par‐
74 ticular type of annotation may only be allowed in a subset of those
75 places. For example, a particular annotation may not be allowed inside
76 a struct or union definition.
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78 NOTE vs _NOTE
79 Ordinarily, NOTE should be used rather than _NOTE, since use of _NOTE
80 technically makes a program non-portable. However, it may be inconve‐
81 nient to use NOTE for this purpose in existing code if NOTE is already
82 heavily used for another purpose. In this case one should use a dif‐
83 ferent macro and write a header file similar to /usr/include/note.h
84 which maps that macro to _NOTE in the same manner. For example, the
85 following makes FOO such a macro:
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87 #ifndef _FOO_H
88 #define _FOO_H
89 #define FOO _NOTE
90 #include <sys/note.h>
91 #endif
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95 Public header files which span projects should use _NOTE rather than
96 NOTE, since NOTE may already be used by a program which needs to
97 include such a header file.
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99 NoteInfo Argument
100 The actual NoteInfo used in an annotation should be specified by a tool
101 that deals with program source (see the documentation for the tool to
102 determine which annotations, if any, it understands).
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105 NoteInfo must have one of the following forms:
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107 NoteName
108 NoteName(Args)
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112 where NoteName is simply an identifier which indicates the type of
113 annotation, and Args is something defined by the tool that specifies
114 the particular NoteName. The general restrictions on Args are that it
115 be compatible with an ANSI C tokenizer and that unquoted parentheses be
116 balanced (so that the end of the annotation can be determined without
117 intimate knowledge of any particular annotation).
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120 See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
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125 ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
126 │ ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
127 ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
128 │MT-Level │Safe │
129 └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
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132 note(4), attributes(5)
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136SunOS 5.11 31 Dec 1996 NOTE(3EXT)