1dpkg-buildpackage(1) dpkg utilities dpkg-buildpackage(1)
2
6 dpkg-buildpackage - build binary or source packages from sources
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9 dpkg-buildpackage [options]
10
12 dpkg-buildpackage is a program that automates the process of building a
13 Debian package. It consists of the following steps:
14 1. It prepares the build environment by setting various environment
16 variables (see ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES).
17 2. It checks that the build-dependencies and build-conflicts are satis‐
19 fied (unless -d is specified).
20 3. If a specific target has been selected with the -T or --target
22 option, it calls that target and stops here. Otherwise it calls
23 fakeroot debian/rules clean to clean the build-tree (unless -nc is
24 specified).
25 4. It calls dpkg-source to generate the source package (unless a
27 binary-only build has been requested with -b, -B or -A).
28 5. It calls debian/rules build followed by fakeroot debian/rules
30 binary-target (unless a source-only build has been requested with
31 -S). Note that binary-target is either binary (default case, or if
32 -b is specified) or binary-arch (if -B is specified) or binary-indep
33 (if -A is specified).
34 6. It calls gpg to sign the .dsc file (if any, unless -us is speci‐
36 fied).
37 7. It calls dpkg-genchanges to generate a .changes file. Many dpkg-
39 buildpackage options are forwarded to dpkg-genchanges.
40 8. It calls gpg to sign the .changes file (unless -uc is specified).
42 9. If -tc is specified, it will call fakeroot debian/rules clean again.
44
46 -b Specifies a binary-only build, no source files are to be built
47 and/or distributed. Passed to dpkg-genchanges.
48 -B Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture dependent
50 packages. Passed to dpkg-genchanges.
51 -A Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture indepen‐
53 dent packages. Passed to dpkg-genchanges.
54 -S Specifies a source-only build, no binary packages need to be
56 made. Passed to dpkg-genchanges.
57 --target=target
59 --target target
60 -Ttarget
61 Calls debian/rules target after having setup the build environ‐
62 ment and stops the package build process here. If --as-root is
63 also given, then the command is executed as root (see -r). Note
64 that official targets that are required to be run as root by the
65 Debian policy do not need this option.
66 --as-root
68 Only meaningful together with --target. Requires that the target
69 be run with root rights.
70 -si
72 -sa
73 -sd
74 -vversion
75 -Cchangesdescription
76 -mmaintaineraddress
77 -emaintaineraddress
78 Passed unchanged to dpkg-genchanges. See its manual page.
79 -aarchitecture
81 Specify the Debian architecture we build for. The architecture
82 of the machine we build on is determined automatically, and is
83 also the default for the host machine.
84 If the host architecture differs from the build architecture (as
86 is the case for a cross-compilation), and if the environment
87 variable PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR is not set, then it is set to a value
88 suitable for cross-compilation ("/usr/gnu-system-type/lib/pkg‐
89 config/:/usr/share/pkgconfig").
90 -tgnu-system-type
92 Specify the GNU system type we build for. It can be used in
93 place of -a or as a complement to override the default GNU sys‐
94 tem type of the target Debian architecture.
95 -jjobs Number of jobs allowed to be run simultaneously, equivalent to
97 the make(1) option of the same name. Will add itself to the
98 MAKEFLAGS environment variable, which should cause all subse‐
99 quent make invocations to inherit the option. Also adds paral‐
100 lel=jobs to the DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment variable which
101 allows debian/rules files to use this information for their own
102 purposes. The parallel=jobs in DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment
103 variable will override the -j value if this option is given.
104 -D Check build dependencies and conflicts; abort if unsatisfied.
106 This is the default behavior.
107 -d Do not check build dependencies and conflicts.
109 -nc Do not clean the source tree (implies -b if nothing else has
111 been selected among -B, -A or -S).
112 -tc Clean the source tree (using gain-root-command debian/rules
114 clean) after the package has been built.
115 -rgain-root-command
117 When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute part of the build
118 process as root, it prefixes the command it executes with gain-
119 root-command if one has been specified. Otherwise, if none has
120 been specified, fakeroot will be used by default, if the command
121 is present. gain-root-command should start with the name of a
122 program on the PATH and will get as arguments the name of the
123 real command to run and the arguments it should take. gain-
124 root-command can include parameters (they must be space-sepa‐
125 rated) but no shell metacharacters. gain-root-command might
126 typically be fakeroot, sudo, super or really. su is not suit‐
127 able, since it can only invoke the user's shell with -c instead
128 of passing arguments individually to the command to be run.
129 -Rrules-file
131 Building a Debian package usually involves invoking debian/rules
132 as a command with several standard parameters. With this option
133 it's possible to use another program invocation to build the
134 package (it can include space separated parameters). Alterna‐
135 tively it can be used to execute the standard rules file with
136 another make program (for example by using /usr/local/bin/make
137 -f debian/rules as rules-file).
138 -psign-command
140 When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute GPG or PGP to sign a
141 source control (.dsc) file or a .changes file it will run sign-
142 command (searching the PATH if necessary) instead of gpg. sign-
143 command will get all the arguments that pgp would have gotten.
144 If sign-command takes its arguments in GPG rather than PGP
145 style, you should give the -sgpg option. sign-command should not
146 contain spaces or any other shell metacharacters.
147 -kkey-id
149 Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages.
150 -us Do not sign the source package.
152 -uc Do not sign the .changes file.
154 -i[regexp]
156 -I[pattern]
157 -s[nsAkurKUR]
158 -z, -Z
159 Passed unchanged to dpkg-source. See its manual page.
160 --admindir=dir
162 --admindir dir
163 Change the location of the dpkg database. The default location
164 is /var/lib/dpkg.
165 -h, --help
167 Show the usage message and exit.
168 --version
170 Show the version and exit.
171
173 Variables set by dpkg-architecture
174 dpkg-architecture is called with the -a and -t parameters forwarded.
175 Any variable that is output by its -s option is integrated in the build
176 environment.
177 Compiler flags
179 Some environment variables defining compiler and linker options are set
180 to default values unless already present in the environment. Note that
181 this mechanism was only introduced in version 1.14.17 of dpkg-dev and
182 not all rules files and build tools will honour these variables, yet.
183 CFLAGS Optimization options which are passed to the Debian build system
185 and can/should be overriden by the package build if needed
186 (default value: -g -O2, or -g -O0 if noopt is specified in
187 DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS). Overriding options can be used to
188 explicitely set a higher optimization level, or work around com‐
189 piler bugs, which only can be seen with some optimization levels
190 (the last opt level "wins").
191 CFLAGS_APPEND
193 Optimization options appended to the compiler flags, which must
194 not be overwritten by the package (mostly used to for test
195 builds). Default value: empty.
196 CXXFLAGS
198 Same as CFLAGS for C++ sources.
199 CXXFLAGS_APPEND
201 Same as CFLAGS_APPEND for C++ sources.
202 FFLAGS Same as CFLAGS for Fortran sources.
204 FFLAGS_APPEND
206 Same as CFLAGS_APPEND for Fortran sources.
207 CPPFLAGS
209 Preprocessor flags which are passed to the Debian build system
210 and can/should be overriden by the package build if needed
211 (default: empty). This macro is seldom used (most build systems
212 just use CFLAGS instead of CPPFLAGS).
213 CPPFLAGS_APPEND
215 Preprocessor flags appended to the preprocessor flags, which
216 must not be overwritten by the package (mostly used to for test
217 builds). Default value: empty.
218 LDFLAGS
220 Options passed to the compiler when linking executables or
221 shared objects (if the linker is called directly, then -Wl and ,
222 have to be stripped from these options). Default value: empty.
223 LDFLAGS_APPEND
225 Optimization options appended to the compiler flags when linking
226 code, which must not be overwritten by the package (mostly used
227 to for test builds). Default value: empty.
228
230 It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters in and
231 initial arguments for gain-root-command and sign-command.
232
234 dpkg-source(1), dpkg-architecture(1), dpkg-genchanges(1), fakeroot(1),
235 gpg(1).
236
238 Copyright © 1995-1996 Ian Jackson
239 Copyright © 2000 Wichert Akkerman
240 Copyright © 2007 Frank Lichtenheld
241 Copyright © 2008 Raphaël Hertzog
242 This is free software; see the GNU General Public Licence version 2 or
244 later for copying conditions. There is NO WARRANTY.
245Debian Project 2009-06-13 dpkg-buildpackage(1)