1XPR(1) General Commands Manual XPR(1)
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6 xpr - print an X window dump
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9 xpr [ -device devtype ] [ -scale scale ] [ -height inches ] [ -width
10 inches ] [ -left inches ] [ -top inches ] [ -header string ] [ -trailer
11 string ] [ -landscape ] [ -portrait ] [ -plane number ] [ -gray ] [ -rv
12 ] [ -compact ] [ -output filename ] [ -append filename ] [ -noff ] [
13 -split n ] [ -psfig ] [ -density dpi ] [ -cutoff level ] [ -noposition
14 ] [ -gamma correction ] [ -render algorithm ] [ -slide ] [ -version ] [
15 filename ]
16
18 xpr takes as input a window dump file produced by xwd(1) and formats it
19 for output on PostScript printers, the Digital LN03 or LA100, the IBM
20 PP3812 page printer, the HP LaserJet (or other PCL printers), or the HP
21 PaintJet. If no file argument is given, the standard input is used.
22 By default, xpr prints the largest possible representation of the win‐
23 dow on the output page. Options allow the user to add headers and
24 trailers, specify margins, adjust the scale and orientation, and append
25 multiple window dumps to a single output file. Output is to standard
26 output unless -output is specified.
27 Command Options
29 -device devtype
32 Specifies the device on which the file will be printed. Cur‐
33 rently supported:
34 la100 Digital LA100
35 ljet HP LaserJet series and other monochrome PCL devices
36 such as ThinkJet, QuietJet, RuggedWriter, HP2560
37 series, and HP2930 series printers
38 ln03 Digital LN03
39 pjet HP PaintJet (color mode)
40 pjetxl HP HP PaintJet XL Color Graphics Printer (color
41 mode)
42 pp IBM PP3812
43 ps PostScript printer
44 The default is PostScript. -device lw (LaserWriter) is equiva‐
46 lent to -device ps and is provided only for backwards compati‐
47 bility.
48 -scale scale
50 Affects the size of the window on the page. The PostScript,
51 LN03, and HP printers are able to translate each bit in a window
52 pixel map into a grid of a specified size. For example each bit
53 might translate into a 3x3 grid. This would be specified by
54 -scale 3. By default a window is printed with the largest scale
55 that will fit onto the page for the specified orientation.
56 -height inches
58 Specifies the maximum height of the page.
59 -width inches
61 Specifies the maximum width of the page.
62 -left inches
64 Specifies the left margin in inches. Fractions are allowed. By
65 default the window is centered in the page.
66 -top inches
68 Specifies the top margin for the picture in inches. Fractions
69 are allowed.
70 -header string
72 Specifies a header string to be printed above the window.
73 -trailer string
75 Specifies a trailer string to be printed below the window.
76 -landscape
78 Forces the window to printed in landscape mode. By default a
79 window is printed such that its longest side follows the long
80 side of the paper.
81 -plane number
83 Specifies which bit plane to use in an image. The default is to
84 use the entire image and map values into black and white based
85 on color intensities.
86 -gray 2 | 3 | 4
88 Uses a simple 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4 gray scale conversion on a color
89 image, rather than mapping to strictly black and white. This
90 doubles, triples, or quadruples the effective width and height
91 of the image.
92 -portrait
94 Forces the window to be printed in portrait mode. By default a
95 window is printed such that its longest side follows the long
96 side of the paper.
97 -rv Forces the window to be printed in reverse video.
99 -compact
101 Uses simple run-length encoding for compact representation of
102 windows with lots of white pixels.
103 -output filename
105 Specifies an output file name. If this option is not specified,
106 standard output is used.
107 -append filename
109 Specifies a filename previously produced by xpr to which the
110 window is to be appended.
111 -noff When specified in conjunction with -append, the window will
113 appear on the same page as the previous window.
114 -split n
116 This option allows the user to split a window onto several
117 pages. This might be necessary for very large windows that
118 would otherwise cause the printer to overload and print the page
119 in an obscure manner.
120 -psfig Suppress translation of the PostScript picture to the center of
122 the page.
123 -density dpi
125 Indicates what dot-per-inch density should be used by the HP
126 printer.
127 -cutoff level
129 Changes the intensity level where colors are mapped to either
130 black or white for monochrome output on a LaserJet printer. The
131 level is expressed as percentage of full brightness. Fractions
132 are allowed.
133 -noposition
135 This option causes header, trailer, and image positioning com‐
136 mand generation to be bypassed for LaserJet, PaintJet and Paint‐
137 Jet XL printers.
138 -gamma correction
140 This changes the intensity of the colors printed by PaintJet XL
141 printer. The correction is a floating point value in the range
142 0.00 to 3.00. Consult the operator's manual to determine the
143 correct value for the specific printer.
144 -render algorithm
146 This allows PaintJet XL printer to render the image with the
147 best quality versus performance tradeoff. Consult the opera‐
148 tor's manual to determine which algorithms are available.
149 -slide This option allows overhead transparencies to be printed using
151 the PaintJet and PaintJet XL printers.
152 -version
154 This option prints the program version information and exits.
155
158 xwd(1), xwud(1), X(7)
159
161 The current version of xpr can generally print out on the LN03 most X
162 windows that are not larger than two-thirds of the screen. For exam‐
163 ple, it will be able to print out a large Emacs window, but it will
164 usually fail when trying to print out the entire screen. The LN03 has
165 memory limitations that can cause it to incorrectly print very large or
166 complex windows. The two most common errors encountered are ``band too
167 complex'' and ``page memory exceeded.'' In the first case, a window
168 may have a particular six pixel row that contains too many changes
169 (from black to white to black). This will cause the printer to drop
170 part of the line and possibly parts of the rest of the page. The
171 printer will flash the number `1' on its front panel when this problem
172 occurs. A possible solution to this problem is to increase the scale
173 of the picture, or to split the picture onto two or more pages. The
174 second problem, ``page memory exceeded,'' will occur if the picture
175 contains too much black, or if the picture contains complex half-tones
176 such as the background color of a display. When this problem occurs
177 the printer will automatically split the picture into two or more
178 pages. It may flash the number `5' on its from panel. There is no
179 easy solution to this problem. It will probably be necessary to either
180 cut and paste, or to rework the application to produce a less complex
181 picture.
182 There are several limitations on the LA100 support: the picture will
184 always be printed in portrait mode, there is no scaling, and the aspect
185 ratio will be slightly off.
186 Support for PostScript output currently cannot handle the -append,
188 -noff or -split options.
189 The -compact option is only supported for PostScript output. It com‐
191 presses white space but not black space, so it is not useful for
192 reverse-video windows.
193 For color images, should map directly to PostScript image support.
195
198 If no -density is specified on the command line 300 dots per inch will
199 be assumed for ljet and 90 dots per inch for pjet. Allowable density
200 values for a LaserJet printer are 300, 150, 100, and 75 dots per inch.
201 Consult the operator's manual to determine densities supported by other
202 printers.
203 If no -scale is specified the image will be expanded to fit the print‐
205 able page area.
206 The default printable page area is 8x10.5 inches. Other paper sizes can
208 be accommodated using the -height and -width options.
209 Note that a 1024x768 image fits the default printable area when pro‐
211 cessed at 100 dpi with scale=1, the same image can also be printed
212 using 300 dpi with scale=3 but will require considerably more data be
213 transferred to the printer.
214 xpr may be tailored for use with monochrome PCL printers other than the
216 LaserJet. To print on a ThinkJet (HP2225A) xpr could be invoked as:
217 xpr -density 96 -width 6.667 filename
219 or for black-and-white output to a PaintJet:
221 xpr -density 180 filename
223 The monochrome intensity of a pixel is computed as 0.30*R + 0.59*G +
225 0.11*B. If a pixel's computed intensity is less than the -cutoff level
226 it will print as white. This maps light-on-dark display images to
227 black-on-white hardcopy. The default cutoff intensity is 50% of full
228 brightness. Example: specifying -cutoff 87.5 moves the white/black
229 intensity point to 87.5% of full brightness.
230 A LaserJet printer must be configured with sufficient memory to handle
232 the image. For a full page at 300 dots per inch approximately 2MB of
233 printer memory is required.
234 Color images are produced on the PaintJet at 90 dots per inch. The
236 PaintJet is limited to sixteen colors from its 330 color palette on
237 each horizontal print line. xpr will issue a warning message if more
238 than sixteen colors are encountered on a line. xpr will program the
239 PaintJet for the first sixteen colors encountered on each line and use
240 the nearest matching programmed value for other colors present on the
241 line.
242 Specifying the -rv, reverse video, option for the PaintJet will cause
244 black and white to be interchanged on the output image. No other col‐
245 ors are changed.
246 Multiplane images must be recorded by xwd in ZPixmap format. Single
248 plane (monochrome) images may be in either XYPixmap or ZPixmap format.
249 Some PCL printers do not recognize image positioning commands. Output
251 for these printers will not be centered on the page and header and
252 trailer strings may not appear where expected.
253 The -gamma and -render options are supported only on the PaintJet XL
255 printers.
256 The -slide option is not supported for LaserJet printers.
258 The -split option is not supported for HP printers.
260 The -gray option is not supported for HP or IBM printers.
262 Copyright 1986, Marvin Solomon and the University of Wisconsin.
263 Copyright 1988, Hewlett Packard Company.
264 See X(7) for a full statement of rights and permissions.
265
267 Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT Project Athena, Jose Capo, MIT Project
268 Athena (PP3812 support), Marvin Solomon, University of Wisconsin, Bob
269 Scheifler, MIT, Angela Bock and E. Mike Durbin, Rich Inc. (grayscale),
270 Larry Rupp, HP (HP printer support).
271X Version 11 Release 6 XPR(1)