1srec_cat(1) General Commands Manual srec_cat(1)
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6 srec_cat - manipulate eprom load files
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9 srec_cat [ option... ] filename...
10 srec_cat -Help
11 srec_cat -VERSion
12
14 The srec_cat program is used to assemble the given input files into a
15 single output file. The use of filters (see below) allows significant
16 manipulations to be performed by this command.
17 A warning will be emitted for each address which is redundantly set to
19 the same value. A fatal error will be issued if any address is set
20 with contradictory values. To suppress this behavior, use an -exclude
21 -within filter.
22
24 Input may be qualified in two ways: you may specify a data file or a
25 data generator. format and you may specify filters to apply to them.
26 An input file specification looks like this:
27 data-file [ filter ... ]
28 data-generator [ filter ... ]
29 Data Files
31 Input from data files is specified by file name and format name. An
32 input file specification looks like this:
33 filename [ format ][ -ignore-checksums ]
34 The default format is Motorola S-Record format, but many others are
35 also understood.
36 Data Generators
38 It is also possible to generate data, rather than read it from a file.
39 You may use a generator anywhere you could use a file. An input gener‐
40 ator specification looks like this:
41 -GENerate address-range -data-source
42 Generators include random data and various forms of constant data.
43 Common Manual Page
45 See srec_input(1) for complete details of input specifiers. This
46 description in a separate manual page because it is common to more than
47 one SRecord command.
48
50 The following options are understood:
51 @filename
53 The named text file is read for additional command line argu‐
54 ments. Arguments are separated by white space (space, tab,
55 newline, etc). There is no wildcard mechanism. There is no
56 quoting mechanism. Comments, which start with '#' and extend
57 to the end of the line, are ignored. Blank lines are ignored.
58 -Output filename [ format ]
60 This option may be used to specify the output file to be used.
61 The special file name ``-'' is understood to mean the standard
62 output. Output defaults to the standard output if this option
63 is not used.
64 The format may be specified as:
66 -Absolute_Object_Module_Format
68 An Intel Absolute Object Module Format file will be
69 written. (See srec_aomf(5) for a description of this
70 file format.)
71 -Ascii_Hex
73 An Ascii-Hex file will be written. (See
74 srec_ascii_hex(5) for a description of this file for‐
75 mat.)
76 -ASM [ prefix ][ -option... ]
78 A series of assembler DB statements will be written.
79 The optional prefix may be specified to change the
81 names of the symbols generated. The defaults to
82 "eprom" if not set.
83 Several options are available to modify the style of
85 output:
86 -Dot_STyle
88 Use "dot" style pseudo-ops instead of words.
89 For example .byte instead of the DB default.
90 -HEXadecimal_STyle
92 Use hexadecimal numbers in the output, rather
93 than the default decimal numbers.
94 -Section_STyle
96 By default the generated assemble of placed at
97 the correct address using ORG pseudo-ops. Sec‐
98 tion style output emits tables of section
99 addresses and lengths, so the data may be
100 related at runtime.
101 -A430 Generate output which is compliant to the
103 a430.exe compiler as it is used, e.g. in IAR
104 Embedded Workbench. This is short-hand for
105 -section-style -hex-style
106 -CL430 Generate output which is Code Composer Essen‐
108 tials compliant, i.e. the compiler of it. This
109 is short-hand for -section-style -hex-style
110 -dot-style
111 -Output_Word
113 Generate output which is in two-byte words
114 rather than bytes. This assumes little-endian
115 words; you will need to use the -Byte-Swap fil‐
116 ter if your target is big-endian. No attempt
117 is made to align the words onto even address
118 boundaries; use and input filter such as
119 input-file -fill 0xFF -within input-file -range-pad 2
120 to pad the data to whole words first.
121 -Atmel_Generic
123 An Atmel Generic file will be written. (See
124 srec_atmel_generic(5) for a description of this file
125 format.)
126 -BASic A series of BASIC DATA statements will be written.
128 -B-Record
130 A Freescale MC68EZ328 Dragonball bootstrap b-record
131 format file will be written. (See srec_brecord(5) for
132 a description of this file format.)
133 -Binary A raw binary file will be written. If you get unex‐
135 pected results please see the srec_binary(5) manual for
136 more information.
137 -C-Array [ identifier ][ -option... ]
139 A C array defintion will be written.
140 The optional identifier is the name of the variable to
142 be defined, or bugus if not specified.
143 -INClude
145 This option asks for an include file to be gen‐
146 erated as well.
147 -No-CONST
149 This options asks for the variables to not use
150 the const keyword (they are declared constant
151 be default, so that they are placed into the
152 read-only segment in embedded systems).
153 -C_COMpressed
155 These options ask for an compressed c-array
156 whose memory gaps will not be filled.
157 -Output_Word
159 This option asks for an output which is in
160 words not in bytes. This is little endian, so
161 you may need to use the -Swap-bytes filter.
162 Filler bytes of 0xFF may be inserted if neces‐
163 sary; use -fill -range-pad for a different
164 value.
165 -DECimal_STyle
167 This option may be used to get decimal con‐
168 stants in the output, rather than the default
169 hexadecimal constants.
170 -COsmac An RCA Cosmac Elf format file will be written. (See
172 srec_cosmac(5) for a description of this file format.)
173 -Dec_Binary
175 A DEC Binary (XXDP) format file will be written. (See
176 srec_dec_binary(5) for a description of this file for‐
177 mat.)
178 -Elektor_Monitor52
180 This option says to use the EMON52 format file when
181 writing the file. (See srec_emon52(5) for a descrip‐
182 tion of this file format.)
183 -FAIrchild
185 This option says to use the Fairchild Fairbug format
186 file when writing the file. (See srec_fairchild(5) for
187 a description of this file format.)
188 -Fast_Load
190 This option says to use the LSI Logic Fast Load format
191 file when writing the file. (See srec_fastload(5) for
192 a description of this file format.)
193 -Formatted_Binary
195 A Formatted Binary format file will be written. (See
196 srec_formatted_binary(5) for a description of this file
197 format.)
198 -Four_Packed_Code
200 This option says to use the PFC format file when writ‐
201 ing the file. (See srec_fpd(5) for a description of
202 this file format.)
203 -Intel An Intel hex format file will be written. (See
205 srec_intel(5) for a description of this file format.)
206 The default is to emit 32-bit linear addressing; if you
207 want 16-bit extended segment addressing use the
208 --address-length=2 option.
209 -MOS_Technologies
211 An Mos Technologies format file will be written. (See
212 srec_mos_tech(5) for a description of this file for‐
213 mat.)
214 -Motorola [ width ]
216 A Motorola S-Record file will be written. (See
217 srec_motorola(5) for a description of this file for‐
218 mat.) This is the default output format. By default,
219 the smallest possible address length is emitted, this
220 will be S19 for data in the first 64KB; if you wish to
221 force S28 use the --address-length=3 option; if you
222 wish to force S37 use the --address-length=4 option
223 The optional width argument describes the number of
225 bytes which form each address multiple. For normal
226 uses the default of one (1) byte is appropriate. Some
227 systems with 16-bit or 32-bit targets mutilate the
228 addresses in the file; this option will imitate that
229 behavior. Unlike most other parameters, this one can‐
230 not be guessed.
231 -Needham_Hexadecimal
233 This option says to use the Needham Electronics ASCII
234 file format to write the file. See srec_needham(5) for
235 a description of this file format.
236 -Ohio_Scientific
238 This option says to use the Ohio Scientific hexadecimal
239 format. See srec_os65v(5) for a description of this
240 format.
241 -SIGnetics
243 This option says to use the Signetics hex format. See
244 srec_signetics(5) for a description of this format.
245 -SPAsm This option says to use the SPASM assembler output for‐
247 mat (commonly used by PIC programmers). See
248 srec_spasm(5) for a description of this format.
249 -SPAsm_LittleEndian
251 This option says to use the SPASM assembler output for‐
252 mat (commonly used by PIC programmers). But with the
253 data the other way around.
254 -STewie A Stewie binary format file will be written. (See
256 srec_stewie(5) for a description of this file format.)
257 -Tektronix
259 A Tektronix hex format file will be written. (See
260 srec_tektronix(5) for a description of this file for‐
261 mat.)
262 -Tektronix_Extended
264 A Tektronix extended hex format file will be written.
265 (See srec_tektronix_extended(5) for a description of
266 this file format.)
267 -Texas_Instruments_Tagged
269 A TI-Tagged format file will be written. (See
270 srec_ti_tagged(5) for a description of this file for‐
271 mat.)
272 -Texas_Instruments_Tagged_16
274 A Texas Instruments SDSMAC 320 format file will be
275 written. (See srec_ti_tagged_16(5) for a description
276 of this file format.)
277 -Texas_Instruments_TeXT
279 This option says to use the Texas Instruments TXT
280 (MSP430) format to write the file. See srec_ti_txt(5)
281 for a description of this file format.
282 -VHdl [ bytes-per-word [ name ]]
284 A VHDL format file will be written. The bytes-per-word
285 defaults to one, the name defaults to eprom. The
286 etc/x_defs_pack.vhd file in the source distribution
287 contains an example ROM definitions pack for the type-
288 independent output. You may need to use the -byte-swap
289 filter to get the byte order you want.
290 -VMem [ memory-width ]
292 A Verilog VMEM format file will be written. The mem‐
293 ory-width may be 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 bits; defaults to
294 32 if unspecified. (See srec_vmem(5) for a description
295 of this file format.) You may need to use the -byte-
296 swap filter to get the byte order you want.
297 -WILson A wilson format file will be written. (See srec_wil‐
299 son(5) for a description of this file format.)
300 -Address_Length number
302 This option many be used to specify the minimum number of bytes
303 to be used in the output to represent an address (padding with
304 leading zeros if necessary). This helps when talking to brain-
305 dead EPROM programmers which do not fully implement the format
306 specification.
307 -Data_Only
309 This option may be used to suppress all output except data
310 fields. This helps when talking to brain-dead EPROM program‐
311 mers which do not fully implement the format specification.
312 -IGnore_Checksums
314 The -ignore-checksums option may be used to disable checksum
315 validation of input files, for those formats which have check‐
316 sums at all. Note that the checksum values are still read in
317 and parsed (so it is still an error if they are missing) but
318 their values are not checked. Used after an input file name,
319 the option affects that file alone; used anywhere else on the
320 command line, it applies to all following files.
321 -Enable_Sequence_Warnings
323 This option may be used to enable warnings about input files
324 where the data records are not in strictly ascending address
325 order. Only one warning is issued per input. This is the
326 default. Note: the output of srec_cat(1) is always in this
327 order.
328 -Disable_Sequence_Warnings
330 This option may be used to disable warnings about input files
331 where the data records are not in stricyly ascending address
332 order.
333 -CRLF This option may be used to specify CRLF line termination for
335 text output. For use with brain-dead EPROM programmers which
336 assume all the world uses Evil Bill's operating system's line
337 termination. The default is to use the current operating sys‐
338 tem's default line termination. Use this option with caution,
339 because it will also introduce extra (i.e. wrong) CR bytes
340 into binary formats.
341 -Line_Length number
343 This option may be used to limit the length of the output lines
344 to at most number characters. (Not meaningful for binary file
345 format.) Defaults to something less than 80 characters,
346 depending on the format.
347 -HEAder string
349 This option may be used to set the header comment, in those
350 formats which support it.
351 -Start_Address number
353 This option may be used to set the start address, in those for‐
354 mats which support it.
355 -MULTiple
357 Use this option to permit a file to contain multiple (contra‐
358 dictory) values for some memory locations. A warning will be
359 printed. The last value in the file will be used. The default
360 is for this condition to be a fatal error.
361 All other options will produce a diagnostic error.
363 All options may be abbreviated; the abbreviation is documented as the
365 upper case letters, all lower case letters and underscores (_) are
366 optional. You must use consecutive sequences of optional letters.
367 All options are case insensitive, you may type them in upper case or
369 lower case or a combination of both, case is not important.
370 For example: the arguments "-help", "-HEL" and "-h" are all interpreted
372 to mean the -Help option. The argument "-hlp" will not be understood,
373 because consecutive optional characters were not supplied.
374 Options and other command line arguments may be mixed arbitrarily on
376 the command line.
377 The GNU long option names are understood. Since all option names for
379 srec_cat are long, this means ignoring the extra leading '-'. The
380 "--option=value" convention is also understood.
381
383 The srec_cat command will exit with a status of 1 on any error. The
384 srec_cat command will only exit with a status of 0 if there are no
385 errors.
386
388 srec_cat version 1.35
389 Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006,
390 2007 Peter Miller
391 The srec_cat program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details use
393 the 'srec_cat -VERSion License' command. This is free software and you
394 are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; for details
395 use the 'srec_cat -VERSion License' command.
396
398 Peter Miller E-Mail: millerp@canb.auug.org.au
399 /\/\* WWW: http://www.canb.auug.org.au/~millerp/
400Reference Manual SRecord srec_cat(1)