1KILL(2) System Calls Manual KILL(2)
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6 kill - send signal to a process
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9 kill(pid, sig)
10 int pid, sig;
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13 Kill sends the signal sig to a process, specified by the process number
14 pid. Sig may be one of the signals specified in sigvec(2), or it may
15 be 0, in which case error checking is performed but no signal is actu‐
16 ally sent. This can be used to check the validity of pid.
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18 The sending and receiving processes must have the same effective user
19 ID, otherwise this call is restricted to the super-user. A single
20 exception is the signal SIGCONT, which may always be sent to any
21 descendant of the current process.
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23 If the process number is 0, the signal is sent to all processes in the
24 sender's process group; this is a variant of killpg(2).
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26 If the process number is -1 and the user is the super-user, the signal
27 is broadcast universally except to system processes and the process
28 sending the signal. If the process number is -1 and the user is not
29 the super-user, the signal is broadcast universally to all processes
30 with the same uid as the user except the process sending the signal.
31 No error is returned if any process could be signaled.
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33 For compatibility with System V, if the process number is negative but
34 not -1, the signal is sent to all processes whose process group ID is
35 equal to the absolute value of the process number. This is a variant
36 of killpg(2).
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38 Processes may send signals to themselves.
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41 Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned. Otherwise, a
42 value of -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error.
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45 Kill will fail and no signal will be sent if any of the following
46 occur:
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48 [EINVAL] Sig is not a valid signal number.
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50 [ESRCH] No process can be found corresponding to that specified
51 by pid.
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53 [ESRCH] The process id was given as 0 but the sending process
54 does not have a process group.
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56 [EPERM] The sending process is not the super-user and its effec‐
57 tive user id does not match the effective user-id of the
58 receiving process. When signaling a process group, this
59 error was returned if any members of the group could not
60 be signaled.
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63 getpid(2), getpgrp(2), killpg(2), sigvec(2)
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674th Berkeley Distribution May 14, 1986 KILL(2)