1ps.map(1) Grass User's Manual ps.map(1)
2
6 ps.map - Hardcopy PostScript map output utility.
7
9 postscript, map, printing
10
12 ps.map
13 ps.map help
14 ps.map [-rpe] [input=string] [output=string] [scale=mapscale]
15 [copies=integer] [--verbose] [--quiet]
16 Flags:
18 -r
19 Rotate plot 90 degrees
20 -p
22 List paper formats ( name width height left right top bottom(mar‐
23 gin) )
24 -e
26 Create EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) instead of PostScript file
27 --verbose
29 Verbose module output
30 --quiet
32 Quiet module output
33 Parameters:
35 input=string
36 File containing mapping instructions (or use input=- to enter from
37 keyboard)
38 output=string
40 PostScript output file
41 scale=mapscale
43 Scale of the output map, e.g. 1:25000 (default: Auto-sized to fit
44 page)
45 copies=integer
47 Number of copies to print
48 Options: 1-20
49
51 ps.map is a cartographic mapping program for producing high quality
52 hardcopy maps in PostScript format. Output can include a raster map,
53 any number of vector overlays, text labels, decorations, and other spa‐
54 tial data.
55 A file of mapping instructions that describes the various spatial and
57 textual information to be printed must be prepared prior to running
58 ps.map.
59
61 The order of commands is generally unimportant but may affect how some
62 layers are drawn. For example to plot vpoints above vareas list the
63 vpoints entry first. Raster maps are always drawn first, and only a
64 single raster map (or 3 if part of a RGB group) may be used.
65 The hash character ('#') may be used at the beginning of a line to
67 indicate that the line is a comment. Blank lines will also be ignored.
68 Be aware that some mapping instructions require the end command and
70 some do not. Any instruction that allows subcommands will require it,
71 any instruction that does not allow subcommands will not.
72 The resolution and extent of raster maps plotted with ps.map are con‐
74 trolled by the current region settings via the g.region module. The
75 output filesize is largely a function of the region resolution, so spe‐
76 cial care should be taken if working with large raster datasets. For
77 example if the desired output is US-Letter sized paper at 300dpi, with
78 1" margins and the raster filling the entire page, the usable area on
79 the page will be 6.5" x 9", which at 300 dots/inch is equivalent to a
80 region of 1950 columns x 2700 rows (see "g.region -p"). Any higher res‐
81 olution settings will make the output file larger, but with a consumer
82 printer you probably won't be able to resolve any better detail in the
83 hardcopy.
84 The user can specify negative or greater than 100 percentage values for
86 positioning several map decorations and embedded EPS-files, to move
87 them outside the current map box region (for example to position a cap‐
88 tion, barscale, or legend above or below the map box).
89 One "pixel" is 1/72 of an inch.
91 For users wanting to use special characters (such as accented charac‐
93 ters) it is important to note that ps.map uses ISO-8859-1 encoding.
94 This means that your instructions file will have to be encoded in this
95 encoding. If you normally work in a different encoding environment
96 (such as UTF-8), you have to transform your file to the ISO-8859-1
97 encoding, for example by using the iconv utility:
98 iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO_8859-1 utf_file > iso_file
99
102 The mapping instructions allow the user to specify various spatial data
103 to be plotted. These instructions are normally prepared in a regular
104 text file using a system editor. Some instructions are single line
105 instructions while others are multiple line. Multiple line instructions
106 consist of the main instruction followed by a subsection of one or more
107 additional instructions and are terminated with an end instruction.
108 Instruction keywords:
110 [ border | colortable | comments | copies | eps | geogrid | greyrast |
111 grid | group | header | labels | line | mapinfo | maploc | maskcolor |
112 outline | paper | point | psfile | raster | read | rectangle | region |
113 rgb | scale | scalebar | setcolor | text | vareas | vlines | vpoints |
114 vlegend | end ]
115 Common instructions
117 Instructions that may be included in the subsection under several dif‐
118 ferent main instructions are:
119 where x y
121 The top left corner of the bounding box of the item to be plot‐
122 ted is located x inches from the left edge of the paper and y
123 inches from the top edge of the paper. If x is less than or
124 equal to zero, the default horizontal location is used. If y is
125 less than or equal to zero, the default vertical location is
126 used.
127 font font name
129 The name of the PostScript font. Fonts present in all Post‐
130 Script implementations are: Times-Roman, Times-Italic, Times-
131 Bold, Times-BoldItalic, Helvetica, Helvetica-Oblique, Helvetica-
132 Bold, Helvetica-BoldOblique, Courier, Courier-Oblique, Courier-
133 Bold, and Courier-BoldOblique.
134 The default is Helvetica.
135 fontsize font size
137 The size of the PostScript font (in 1/72nds of an inch). The
138 default is 10.
139 color name
141 The following colors names are accepted by ps.map: aqua, black,
142 blue, brown, cyan, gray, grey, green, indigo, magenta, orange,
143 purple, red, violet, white, yellow
144 For vectors and some plotting commands you can also specify
145 ’none' or 'R:G:B' (e.g '255:0:0').
146 Command usage
149 Controls the border which is drawn around the map area.
150 USAGE: border [y|n]
151 color color
152 width #
153 end
154 The color may be either a standard GRASS color, a R:G:B triplet, or
155 "none". The width is specified in points, unless followed by an "i" in
156 which case it is measured in inches. The default is a black border box
157 of width 1 point.
158 The border can be turned off completely with the "border n" instruc‐
160 tion. In this case the end command should not be given as the main com‐
161 mand will be treated as a single line instruction.
162 This example would create a grey border 0.1" wide.
164 EXAMPLE:
165 border
166 color grey
167 width 0.1i
168 end
169
172 Prints the color table for the raster map layer anywhere on the page.
173 USAGE: colortable [y|n]
174 where x y
175 raster raster map
176 range minimum maximum
177 width table width
178 height table height (FP legend only)
179 cols table columns
180 font font name
181 fontsize font size
182 color text color
183 nodata [Y|n]
184 tickbar [y|N]
185 end
186 The color table will display the colors for each raster map layer cat‐
187 egory value and the category label. If raster is omitted, the col‐
188 ortable defaults to a previously registered raster layer. The legend's
189 range can be adjusted for floating point rasters, but if set beyond the
190 extent of the map's range be sure that you have set up color rules with
191 r.colors which cover this range. The default location for the col‐
192 ortable is immediately below any other map legend information, starting
193 at the left margin. The default text color is black. Omitting the
194 colortable instruction would result in no color table. For floating
195 point legends width is width of color band only. height is used only
196 for floating point legend. Adding the nodata n instruction will pre‐
197 vent the "no data" box from being drawn (category based legends only).
198 Adding the tickbar y instruction will change the tick mark style so
199 that ticks are drawn across the color table instead of protruding out
200 to the right (floating point legends only).
201 Note: Be careful about asking for color tables for raster map layers
203 which have many categories, such as elevation. This could result in
204 the printing of an extremely long color table!
205 Another issue is that the color table only includes categories which
207 have a label. If there are only a few categories, you can use r.support
208 to manually add labels. If there are too many categories to do this,
209 you could write a script to add dummy labels to the cats file
210 (///cats/).
211 If the colortable is turned off with a "colortable n" instruction the
213 end command should not be given as the main command will be treated as
214 a single line instruction.
215 This example would print a color table immediately below any other map
217 legend information, starting at the left margin, with 4 columns:
218 EXAMPLE:
219 colortable y
220 cols 4
221 width 4
222 end
223
226 Prints comments anywhere on the page.
227 USAGE: comments commentfile
228 where x y
229 font font name
230 fontsize font size
231 color text color
232 end
233 The default location is immediately below the last item item printed,
234 starting at the left margin. The default text color is black.
235 If you wish to use parentheses spanning multiple lines you will need to
237 quote them with a backslash to prevent the PostScript interpreter from
238 getting confused. e.g. '\(' and '\)'
239 This example prints in blue whatever is in the file veg.comments start‐
241 ing at 1.5 inches from the left edge of the page and 7.25 inches from
242 the top of the page, using a 15/72 inch Helvetica Bold font.
243 EXAMPLE:
244 raster vegetation
245 comments veg.comments
246 where 1.5 7.25
247 font Helvetica Bold
248 fontsize 15
249 color blue
250 end
251 Presumably, the file veg.comments contain comments pertaining to the
252 raster map layer vegetation, such as "This map was created by classify‐
253 ing a LANDSAT TM image".
254
256 Specifies the number of copies to be printed.
257 USAGE: copies n
258 Each page will be printed n times.
259 This instruction is identical to the copies command line parameter.
261
263 Places EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) pictures on the output map.
264 USAGE: eps east north
265 eps x% y%
266 epsfile EPS file
267 scale #
268 rotate #
269 masked [y|n]
270 end
271 The EPS picture location is entered in the main instruction line by
272 giving either the map coordinates or by using percentages of the geo‐
273 graphic region. The EPS picture will be centered at the given posi‐
274 tion. The user must specify full EPS file path epsfile. The user may
275 also specify the scale of the icon (default is 1.0), the rotate i.e.
276 rotation in degrees (default is 0) and whether the point is to be
277 masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more
278 information on the mask.)
279 This example would place a EPS file ./epsf/logo.eps at the point
281 (E456000 N7890000). This picture would be rotated 20 degrees clock‐
282 wise, 3 times bigger than in original file and would not be masked by
283 the current mask.
284 EXAMPLE:
285 eps 456000 7890000
286 epsfile ./epsf/logo.eps
287 scale 3
288 rotate 20
289 masked n
290 end
291 Of course, multiple EPS pictures may be drawn with multiple eps
292 instructions.
293
295 Overlays a geographic grid onto the output map.
296 USAGE: geogrid spacing unit
297 color color
298 numbers # [color]
299 font font name
300 fontsize font size
301 width #
302 end
303 The spacing and spacing unit of the geographic grid is given on the
304 main instruction line. The spacing unit is given as one of d for
305 degrees, m for minutes, and s for seconds. The subsection instructions
306 allow the user to specify the color of the geographic grid lines,
307 whether coordinate numbers should appear on the geographic grid lines,
308 the width of the lines (accepts decimal points [floating points] as
309 well as integers), and if they should appear every grid line (1), every
310 other grid line (2), etc., and what color the numbers should be. The
311 defaults are black grid lines, unnumbered.
312 NOTE: The geogrid draws grid numbers on the east and south borders of
314 the map.
315 This example would overlay a blue geographic grid with a spacing of 30
317 minutes onto the output map. Alternate grid lines would be numbered
318 with yellow numbers.
319 EXAMPLE:
320 geogrid 30 m
321 color blue
322 numbers 2 yellow
323 end
324
327 Selects a raster map layer for output in shades of grey.
328 USAGE: greyrast mapname
329 For each ps.map run, only one raster map layer can be requested (using
330 either the greyrast or the raster instruction).
331
333 Overlays a coordinate grid onto the output map.
334 USAGE: grid spacing
335 color color
336 numbers # [color]
337 cross cross size
338 font font name
339 fontsize font size
340 width #
341 end
342 The spacing of the grid is given (in the geographic coordinate system
343 units) on the main instruction line. The subsection instructions allow
344 the user to specify the color of the grid lines, whether coordinate
345 numbers should appear on the grid lines, and if they should appear
346 every grid line (1), every other grid line (2), etc., and what color
347 the numbers should be. The cross argument draws grid intersection
348 crosses instead of grid lines, with cross size given in geographic
349 coordinate system units. The defaults are black grid lines, unnum‐
350 bered.
351 This example would overlay a green grid with a spacing of 10000 meters
353 (for a metered database, like UTM) onto the output map. Alternate grid
354 lines would be numbered with red numbers.
355 EXAMPLE:
356 grid 10000
357 color green
358 numbers 2 red
359 end
360
363 Selects an RGB imagery group for output.
364 USAGE: group groupname
365 This is similar to raster, except that it uses an imagery group
366 instead of a raster map layer. The group must contain three raster map
367 layers, comprising the red, green and blue bands of the image.
368
370 Prints the map header above the map.
371 USAGE: header
372 file header file
373 font font name
374 fontsize font size
375 color text color
376 end
377 If the file sub-instruction is absent the header will consist of the
378 map's title and the location's description. The text will be centered
379 on the page above the map. The default text color is black.
380 This example prints (in red) whatever is in the file soils.hdr above
382 the map, using a 20/72 inch Courier font.
383 EXAMPLE:
384 header
385 file soils.hdr
386 font Courier
387 fontsize 20
388 color red
389 end
390
393 Selects a labels file for output (see manual entry for v.label ).
394 USAGE: labels labelfile
395 font font name
396 end
397 NOTE: ps.map can read new option 'ROTATE:' from labels file, which
400 specifies counter clockwise rotation in degrees.
401 This example would paint labels from the labels file called town.names.
403 Presumably, these labels would indicate the names of towns on the map.
404 EXAMPLE:
405 labels town.names
406 end
407
410 Draws lines on the output map.
411 USAGE: line east north east north
412 line x% y% x% y%
413 color color
414 width #
415 masked [y|n]
416 end
417 The beginning and ending points of the line are entered on the main
418 instruction. These points can be defined either by map coordinates or
419 by using percentages of the geographic region. The user may also spec‐
420 ify line color, width in pixels (accepts decimal points [floating
421 points] as well as integers), and if the line is to be masked by the
422 current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask
423 for more information on the mask.)
424 This example would draw a yellow line from the point x=10% y=80% to the
426 point x=30% y=70%. This line would be 2 pixels wide and would appear
427 even if there is a mask.
428 EXAMPLE:
429 line 10% 80% 30% 70%
430 color yellow
431 width 2
432 masked n
433 end
434 Of course, multiple lines may be drawn with multiple line instruc‐
435 tions.
436
438 Prints the portion of the map legend containing the scale, grid and
439 region information, on or below the map.
440 USAGE: mapinfo
441 where x y
442 font font name
443 fontsize font size
444 color text color
445 background box color|none
446 border color|none
447 end
448 The default location is immediately below the map, starting at the
449 left edge of the map. The default text color is black. The default
450 background box color is white.
451 border will draw a border around the legend using the specified color.
453 (see NAMED COLORS)
454 This example prints (in brown) the scale, grid and region information
456 immediately below the map and starting 1.5 inches from the left edge of
457 the page, using a 12/72 inch Courier font.
458 EXAMPLE:
459 mapinfo
460 where 1.5 0
461 font Courier
462 fontsize 12
463 color brown
464 end
465
468 Positions the map on the page.
469 USAGE: maploc x y [width height]
470 The upper left corner of the map will be positioned x inches from the
471 left edge of the page and y inches from the top of the page. If width
472 and height (in inches) are present, the map will be rescaled, if neces‐
473 sary, to fit.
474 This example positions the upper left corner of the map 2.0 inches from
476 the left edge and 3.5 inches from the top edge of the map.
477 EXAMPLE:
478 maploc 2.0 3.5
479
482 Color to be used for mask.
483 USAGE: maskcolor color
484
487 Outlines the areas of a raster map layer with a specified color.
488 USAGE: outline
489 color color
490 width width of line in pixels
491 end
492 Distinct areas of the raster map will be separated from each other
493 visually by drawing a border (or outline) in the specified color
494 (default: black). For width the program accepts decimal points [float‐
495 ing points] as well as integers. Note: it is important the user enter
496 the instruction end even if a color is not chosen. (It is hoped that
497 in the future the outline of a different raster map layer other than
498 the one currently being painted may be placed on the map.)
499 This example would outline the category areas of the soils raster map
501 layer in grey.
502 EXAMPLE:
503 raster soils
504 outline
505 color grey
506 width 2
507 end
508
511 Specifies paper size and margins.
512 USAGE: paper paper name
513 height #
514 width #
515 left #
516 right #
517 bottom #
518 top #
519 end
520 paper may select predefined paper name (a4,a3,a2,a1,a0,us-legal,us-
521 letter,us-tabloid). Default paper size is a4. The measures are defined
522 in inches. left, right, bottom and top are paper margins. If the plot
523 is rotated with the -r command line flag, measures are applied to the
524 rotated page.
525 EXAMPLE:
528 paper a3
529 end
530 EXAMPLE:
534 paper
535 width 10
536 height 10
537 left 2
538 right 2
539 bottom 2
540 top 2
541 end
542
545 Places additional points or icons on the output map.
546 USAGE: point east north
547 point x% y%
548 color color
549 fcolor color
550 symbol symbol group/name
551 size #
552 rotate #
553 masked [y|n]
554 end
555 The point location is entered in the main instruction line by giving
556 either the map coordinates or by using percentages of the geographic
557 region. The user may also specify the point color, the size of symbol
558 in points, the rotation angle (in degrees CCW), and whether the point
559 is to be masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask
560 for more information on the mask.)
561 This example would place a purple diamond (from icon file diamond) at
563 the point (E456000 N7890000). This diamond would be the the size of a
564 15 points and would not be masked by the current mask.
565 EXAMPLE:
566 point 456000 7890000
567 fcolor purple
568 color black
569 symbol basic/diamond
570 size 15
571 masked n
572 end
573 Of course, multiple points may be drawn with multiple point instruc‐
574 tions.
575
577 Copies a file containing PostScript commands into the output file.
578 Note: ps.map will not search for this file. The user must be in the
580 correct directory or specify the full path on the psfile instruction.
581 (Note to /bin/csh users: ~ won't work with this instruction).
582 USAGE: psfile filename
583 This example copies the file "logo.ps" into the output file.
584 EXAMPLE:
585 psfile logo.ps
586
589 Selects a raster map layer for output.
590 USAGE: raster mapname
591 For each ps.map run, only one raster map layer (or set of layers or
592 imagery group; see below) can be requested. If no raster map layer is
593 requested, a completely white map will be produced. It can be useful to
594 select no raster map layer in order to provide a white background for
595 vector maps.
596 Note that an imagery group selected with the group option, or a set of
598 three raster layers selected with the rgb option, count as a raster map
599 layer for the purposes of the preceding paragraph.
600 This example would paint a map of the raster map layer soils.
602 EXAMPLE:
603 raster soils
604
607 Provides ps.map with a previously prepared input stream.
608 USAGE: read previously prepared UNIX file
609 Mapping instructions can be placed into a file and read into ps.map.
610 Note: ps.map will not search for this file. The user must be in the
612 correct directory or specify the full path on the read instruction.
613 (Note to /bin/csh users: ~ won't work with this instruction).
614 This example reads the UNIX file pmap.roads into ps.map. This file may
616 contain all the ps.map instructions for placing the vector map layer
617 roads onto the output map.
618 EXAMPLE:
619 read pmap.roads
620 The user may have created this file because this vector map layer is
621 particularly useful for many ps.map outputs. By using the read option,
622 the user need not enter all the input for the vector instruction, but
623 simply read the previously prepared file with the correct instructions.
624
626 Draws rectangle on the output map.
627 USAGE: rectangle east north east north
628 rectangle x% y% x% y%
629 color color
630 fcolor fill color
631 width #
632 masked [y|n]
633 end
634 The two corners of the rectangle are entered on the main instruction.
635 These points can be defined either by map coordinates or by using per‐
636 centages of the geographic region. The user may also specify line
637 color, fill color fcolor, width in pixels (accepts decimal points
638 [floating points] as well as integers), and if the rectangle is to be
639 masked by the current mask. (See manual entry for r.mask for more
640 information on the mask.)
641 Multiple rectangles may be drawn by using multiple rectangle instruc‐
642 tions.
643 This example would draw a yellow rectangle filled by green from the
645 point x=10% y=80% to the point x=30% y=70%. This line would be 2 pixels
646 wide and would appear even if there is a mask.
647 EXAMPLE:
648 rectangle 10% 80% 30% 70%
649 color yellow
650 fcolor green
651 width 2
652 masked n
653 end
654
657 Places the outline of a smaller geographic region on the output.
658 USAGE: region regionfile
659 color color
660 width #
661 end
662 Geographic region settings are created and saved using the g.region
663 module. The ps.map region option can be used to show an outline of a
664 smaller region which was printed on a separate run of ps.map on other
665 user-created maps.
666 The user can specify the color and the width in pixel units (accepts
668 decimal points [floating points] as well as integers) of the outline.
669 The default is a black border of one pixel width.
670 This example would place a white outline, 2 pixels wide, of the geo‐
672 graphic region called fire.zones onto the output map. This geographic
673 region would have been created and saved using g.region.
674 EXAMPLE:
675 region fire.zones
676 color white
677 width 2
678 end
679
682 Selects three raster map layers for output as an RGB color image.
683 USAGE: rgb red green blue
684 This is similar to raster, except that it uses three raster map layers
685 instead of a single layer. The three layers are composed to form a
686 color image, similar to d.rgb.
687 For each layer, only one of the components of the layer's color table
689 is used: the red component for the red layer, and so on. This will
690 give the desired result if all of the layers have a grey-scale color
691 table, or if each layer's color table uses the hue appropriate to the
692 layer.
693
695 Selects a scale for the output map.
696 USAGE: scale scale
697 The scale can be selected either as:
698 a relative ratio, e.g. 1:25000;
701 an absolute width of the printed map, e.g. 10 inches;
704 the number of printed paper panels, e.g. 3 panels .I (at the
707 present time, only 1 panel is supported);
708 the number of miles per inch, e.g. 1 inch equals 4 miles.
711 This example would set the scale of the map to 1 unit = 25000 units.
713 EXAMPLE:
714 scale 1:25000
715 This instruction is identical to the scale command line parameter.
718 NOTE: Using "scale" from the command line is depreciated and while
719 still provided for compatibility reasons it will be removed in the
720 future. Please use the "scale" mapping instruction instead.
721
723 Draws a scalebar on the map.
724 USAGE: scalebar [f|s]
725 where x y
726 length scale length
727 height scale height
728 segment no. segments
729 numbers #
730 fontsize font size
731 background [Y|n]
732 end
733 Draw one of two types of scale bar. Fancy (f) draws alternating black
734 and white scale boxes. Simple (s) draws a plain line scale. The
735 default type is fancy. The subsection instructions allow the user to
736 set where the scalebar is placed, the length of the scalebar (in geo‐
737 graphic coordinate system units), the height of the scalebar in inches,
738 and the number of segments (or tics for simple). The number of annota‐
739 tions numbers every n-th segment. The background command can turn off
740 the background box for the text.
741 The scalebar length is the only required argument. The defaults are a
743 fancy scalebar with 4 segments, each segment labeled, and a height of
744 0.1 inches. The default location is 2 inches from the top of the page
745 and halfway across.
746 NOTE: The scalebar is centered on the location given.
748 This example draws a simple scalebar 1000 meters (for a metered data‐
750 base, like UTM) long, with tics every 200 meters, labeled every second
751 tic. The scalebar is drawn 5 inches from the top and 4 inches from the
752 left and is 0.25 inches high.
753 EXAMPLE:
754 scalebar s
755 where 4 5
756 length 1000
757 height 0.25
758 segment 5
759 numbers 2
760 end
761
764 Overrides the color assigned to one or more categories of the raster
765 map layer.
766 USAGE: setcolor cat(s) color
767 This example would set the color for categories 2,5 and 8 of the
768 raster map layer watersheds to white and category 10 to green. (NOTE:
769 no spaces are inserted between the category values.)
770 EXAMPLE:
771 raster watersheds
772 setcolor 2,5,8 white
773 setcolor 10 green
774 Of course, setcolor can be requested more than once to override the
775 default color for additional categories. More than one category can be
776 changed for each request by listing all the category values separated
777 by commas (but with no spaces).
778
780 Places text on the map.
781 USAGE: text east north text
782 text x% y% text
783 font fontname
784 color color|none
785 width #
786 hcolor color|none
787 hwidth #
788 background color|none
789 border color|none
790 fontsize font size
791 size #
792 ref reference point
793 rotate degrees CCW
794 xoffset #
795 yoffset #
796 opaque [y|n]
797 end
798 The user specifies where the text will be placed by providing map
799 coordinates or percentages of the geographic region. The text follows
800 these coordinates on the same instruction line. More than one line of
801 text can be specified by notating the end of a line with \n (e.g.
802 USA\nCERL).
803 The user can then specify various text features:
805 font: the PostScript font. Common possibilities are listed at the start
807 of this help page. The default is Helvetica.
808 color (see NAMED COLORS);
810 width of the lines used to draw the text to make thicker letters
812 (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);
813 size and fontsize. size gives the vertical height of the letters in
815 meters on the ground (text size will grow or shrink depending on the
816 scale at which the map is painted). Alternatively fontsize can set the
817 font size directly. If neither size or fontsize is given, a default
818 font size of 10 will be used;
819 the highlight color (hcolor) and the width of the highlight color
821 (hwidth);
822 the text-enclosing-box background color; the text box border color;
824 ref. This reference point specifies the text handle - what part of the
826 text should be placed on the location specified by the map coordinates.
827 Reference points can refer to: [lower|upper|center] [left|right|center]
828 of the text to be printed; The default is center center, i.e the text
829 is centered on the reference point.
830 rotate sets the text rotation angle, measured in degrees counter-clock‐
832 wise.
833 yoffset, which provides finer placement of text by shifting the text a
835 vertical distance in pixels from the specified north. The vertical
836 offset will shift the location to the south if positive, north if nega‐
837 tive;
838 xoffset, which shifts the text a horizontal distance in pixels from the
840 specified east The horizontal offset will shift the location east if
841 positive, west if negative;
842 opaque, whether or not the text should be opaque to vectors. Entering
844 no to the opaque option will allow the user to see any vectors which go
845 through the text's background box. Otherwise, they will end at the
846 box's edge.
847 The following example would place the text SPEARFISH LAND COVER at the
849 coordinates E650000 N7365000. The text would be a total of 3 pixels
850 wide (2 pixels of red text and 1 pixel black highlight), have a white
851 background enclosed in a red box, and be 500 meters in size. The lower
852 right corner of the text would be centered over the coordinates pro‐
853 vided. All vectors on the map would stop at the border of this text.
854 EXAMPLE:
855 text 650000 7365000 SPEARFISH LAND COVER
856 font romand
857 color red
858 width 2
859 hcolor black
860 hwidth 1
861 background white
862 border red
863 size 500
864 ref lower left
865 opaque y
866 end
867
870 Selects a vector map layer for output and plots areas.
871 USAGE: vareas vectormap
872 layer # (layer number used with cats/where option)
873 cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)
874 where SQL where statement
875 masked [y|n]
876 color color
877 fcolor color
878 rgbcolumn column
879 width #
880 label label to use in legend
881 lpos position in legend
882 pat pattern file
883 pwidth #
884 scale #
885 end
886 The user can specify:
887 color - color of the vector lines or area boundaries;
889 fcolor - the area fill color;
891 rgbcolumn - name of color definition column used for the area fill
893 color;
894 width - width of the vectors lines or area boundaries in pixels
896 (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);
897 masked - whether or not the raster map layer is to be masked by the
899 current mask; (see manual entry r.mask for more information on the
900 mask)
901 cats - which categories should be plotted (default is all);
903 where - select features using a SQL where statement. For example:
905 vlastnik = 'Cimrman';
906 label - for description in vlegend. Default is: map(mapset);
908 lpos - position vector is plotted in legend. If lpos is 0 then this
910 vector is omitted in legend. If more vectors used the same lpos then
911 their symbols in legend are merged and label for first vector is used.
912 pat - full path to pattern file. The pattern file contains header and
914 simple PostScript commands. It is similar to EPS but more limited,
915 meaning that while each pattern file is a true EPS file, most EPS files
916 are not useful as pattern files because they contain restricted com‐
917 mands. Color and width of patterns are set by fcolor (red, green, ...,
918 none, R:G:B) and width until overwritten in the pattern file. Pattern
919 may be scaled with the scale command. Several standard hatching pat‐
920 terns are provided in $GISBASE/etc/paint/patterns/. Demonstrative
921 images can be found on the GRASS Wiki site. You can also create your
922 own custom pattern files in a text editor. Example of pattern file:
923 %!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2
924 %%BoundingBox: 0 0 10 10
925 newpath
926 5 0 moveto
927 5 10 lineto
928 stroke
929 scale - pattern scale
932 pwidth - pattern line width, width is used by pattern until the width
934 is overwritten in pattern file.
935 EXAMPLE:
938 vareas forest
939 color blue
940 width 1
941 masked y
942 cats 2,5-7
943 end
944
947 Selects a vector map layer for output and plots lines.
948 USAGE: vlines vectormap
949 type line and/or boundary
950 layer # (layer number used with cats/where option)
951 cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)
952 where SQL where statement like: vlastnik = 'Cimrman'
953 masked [y|n]
954 color color
955 rgbcolumn column
956 width #
957 cwidth #
958 hcolor color
959 hwidth #
960 offset #
961 coffset #
962 ref left|right
963 style 0-9
964 label label
965 lpos #
966 end
967 The user can specify:
968 color - color of the vector lines or area boundaries;
970 rgbcolumn - name of color definition column used for the vector lines
972 or area boundaries;
973 width - width of the vectors lines or area boundaries in pixels
975 (accepts decimal points [floating points] as well as integers);
976 cwidth - width of the vectors lines. If cwidth is used then width of
978 line is equal to cwidth * category value and width is used in legend;
979 hcolor - the highlight color for the vector lines;
981 hwidth - the width of the highlight color in pixels;
983 offset (experimental) - offset for the vectors lines in pixels for
985 plotting parallel lines in distance equal to offset (accepts positive
986 or negative decimal points). Useful to print streets with several par‐
987 allel lanes;
988 coffset (experimental) - offset for the vectors lines. If coffset is
990 used then offset of line is equal to coffset * category value and off‐
991 set is used in legend;
992 ref (experimental) - line justification.
994 masked - whether or not the raster map layer is to be masked by the
996 current mask; (see manual entry r.mask for more information on the
997 mask);
998 style - the line style allows the vectors to be dashed in different
1000 patterns. This is done by typing a series of numbers (0's and 1's) in
1001 a desired sequence or pattern. Blanks and non-digit characters are
1002 recognized as 0's. Using 0 would allow the colors of the raster map
1003 layer (or the background color if no raster map layer was selected) to
1004 show through;
1005 cats - which categories should be plotted (default is all);
1007 label - for description in vlegend. Default is: map(mapset);
1009 lpos - position vector is plotted in legend. If lpos is 0 then this
1011 vector is omitted in legend. If more vectors used the same lpos then
1012 their symbols in legend are merged and label for first vector is used.
1013 EXAMPLE:
1016 vlines streams
1017 color blue
1018 width 2
1019 hcolor white
1020 hwidth 1
1021 masked y
1022 cats 2
1023 label Streams - category 2
1024 end
1025
1028 Selects vector point data to be placed on the output map
1029 USAGE: vpoints vectormap
1030 type point and/or centroid
1031 layer # (layer number used with cats/where/sizecol options)
1032 cats list of categories (e.g. 1,3,5-7)
1033 where SQL where statement like: vlastnik = 'Cimrman'
1034 masked [y|n]
1035 color color
1036 fcolor color
1037 rgbcolumn column
1038 width #
1039 eps epsfile
1040 symbol symbol group/name
1041 size #
1042 sizecolumn attribute column used for symbol sizing
1043 scale scaling factor for sizecolumn values
1044 rotate #
1045 rotatecolumn column
1046 label legend label
1047 lpos position in legend
1048 end
1049 The user may specify the the color of the sites (see section on NAMED
1050 COLORS); either the GRASS symbol or the eps Encapsulated Postscript
1051 file to be used to represent the presence of a site (if '$' is used in
1052 the EPS file path it will be replaced by category number); and rotate
1053 (in degrees) for counter-clockwise rotation.
1054 The size of the icon (number of times larger than the size it is in the
1055 icon file) is typically given by the size option. Alternatively the
1056 size of the symbol or EPS graphic can be taken from an attribute column
1057 by using the sizecolumn command. The value given by sizecolumn may be
1058 scaled by using the scale factor setting (default scaling is 1.0). In
1059 a similar manner symbol color can be read from rgbcolumn and the rota‐
1060 tion angle read from rotatecolumn.
1061 EXAMPLE:
1062 vpoints windmills
1063 color blue
1064 symbol mills/windmill
1065 size 10
1066 end
1067
1070 Prints the portion of the map legend containing the vector information,
1071 on or below the map.
1072 USAGE: vlegend
1073 where x y
1074 font font name
1075 fontsize font size
1076 width width of color symbol
1077 cols number of columns to print
1078 border color|none
1079 end
1080 The default location is immediately below the legend containing the
1081 scale, grid and region information, starting at the left edge of the
1082 map. If the where instruction is present and y is less than or equal
1083 to zero, the vector legend will be positioned immediately below the
1084 map, starting x inches from the left edge of the page.
1085 width is the width in inches of the color symbol (for areas) in front
1087 of the legend text. The default is 1/24 * fontsize inches. cols is the
1088 number of columns to split the legend into. The default is one column.
1089 The maximum number of colums is 10, or equal to the number of legend
1090 entries if there are less than 10 entries.
1091 border will draw a border around the legend using the specified color.
1093 (see NAMED COLORS)
1094 Alternatively, the user can create a custom legend by using the point,
1096 and text instructions.
1097 This example prints the vector legend immediately below the map and
1099 starting 4.5 inches from the left edge of the page, using a 12/72 inch
1100 Helvetica font.
1101 EXAMPLE:
1102 vlegend
1103 where 4.5 0
1104 font Courier
1105 fontsize 12
1106 end
1107
1110 Terminates input and begin painting the map.
1111 USAGE: end
1112
1115 The following is an example of a ps.map script file. The file has been
1116 named spear.soils. This script file can be entered at the command
1117 line:
1118 ps.map input=spear.soils output=soils.ps
1119 # this ps.map example draws a map of Spearfish, SD
1121 raster soils
1122 outline
1123 color black
1124 width 1
1125 end
1126 comments soil.cmt
1127 where 1 6
1128 font Helvetica
1129 end
1130 colortable y
1131 where 1 6.5
1132 cols 4
1133 width 4
1134 font Helvetica
1135 end
1136 setcolor 6,8,9 white
1137 setcolor 10 green
1138 vlines roads
1139 width 2
1140 style 0111
1141 color grey
1142 masked n
1143 end
1144 vlegend
1145 where 4.5 0
1146 font Courier
1147 fontsize 8
1148 end
1149 text 30% 100% SPEARFISH SOILS MAP
1150 color red
1151 width 1
1152 hcolor black
1153 hwidth 1
1154 background white
1155 border red
1156 size 500
1157 ref lower left
1158 end
1159 line 606969.73 3423092.91 616969.73 3423092.91
1160 color yellow
1161 width 2
1162 end
1163 point 40% 60%
1164 color purple
1165 symbol basic/diamond
1166 size 25
1167 masked n
1168 end
1169 scale 1:125000
1170 scalebar f
1171 where 4.5 6.5
1172 length 5000
1173 height 0.05
1174 segment 5
1175 numbers 5
1176 end
1177 geogrid 60 s
1178 color blue
1179 numbers 2 yellow
1180 end
1181 paper a4
1182 end
1183 end
1184 More examples can be found on the GRASS Wiki help site.
1187
1189 Devices and ps.select do not exist any more. Paper is defined by
1190 the paper instruction. vpoints are used instead of sites
1191 (points are read from vector). vector is substituted by
1192 vpoints, vlines and vareas. Symbols are used instead of icons
1193 (different format and directory). Map legend can be printed in
1194 columns.
1195
1197 g.region, v.label
1198
1200 Paul Carlson, USDA, SCS, NHQ-CGIS
1201 Modifications: Radim Blazek, Glynn Clements, Bob Covill, Hamish Bowman
1202 Last changed: $Date: 2008-02-01 04:39:19 +0100 (Fri, 01 Feb 2008) $
1204 Full index
1206 © 2003-2008 GRASS Development Team
1208GRASS 6.3.0 ps.map(1)