1gdalwarp(1) General Commands Manual gdalwarp(1)
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6 gdalwarp - image reprojection and warping utility
7
9 gdalwarp [--help-general] [--formats]
10 [-s_srs srs_def] [-t_srs srs_def] [-to "NAME=VALUE"]* [-novshiftgrid]
11 [-order n | -tps | -rpc | -geoloc] [-et err_threshold]
12 [-refine_gcps tolerance [minimum_gcps]]
13 [-te xmin ymin xmax ymax] [-te_srs srs_def]
14 [-tr xres yres] [-tap] [-ts width height]
15 [-ovr level|AUTO|AUTO-n|NONE] [-wo "NAME=VALUE"] [-ot Byte/Int16/...] [-wt Byte/Int16]
16 [-srcnodata "value [value...]"] [-dstnodata "value [value...]"]
17 [-srcalpha|-nosrcalpha] [-dstalpha]
18 [-r resampling_method] [-wm memory_in_mb] [-multi] [-q]
19 [-cutline datasource] [-cl layer] [-cwhere expression]
20 [-csql statement] [-cblend dist_in_pixels] [-crop_to_cutline]
21 [-of format] [-co "NAME=VALUE"]* [-overwrite]
22 [-nomd] [-cvmd meta_conflict_value] [-setci] [-oo NAME=VALUE]*
23 [-doo NAME=VALUE]*
24 srcfile* dstfile
25
27 The gdalwarp utility is an image mosaicing, reprojection and warping
28 utility. The program can reproject to any supported projection, and can
29 also apply GCPs stored with the image if the image is 'raw' with
30 control information.
31 -s_srs srs def:
33 source spatial reference set. The coordinate systems that can be
34 passed are anything supported by the
35 OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput() call, which includes EPSG
36 PCS and GCSes (i.e. EPSG:4296), PROJ.4 declarations (as above), or
37 the name of a .prj file containing well known text. Starting with
38 GDAL 2.2, if the SRS has an explicit vertical datum that points to
39 a PROJ.4 geoidgrids, and the input dataset is a single band
40 dataset, a vertical correction will be applied to the values of the
41 dataset.
42 -t_srs srs_def:
44 target spatial reference set. The coordinate systems that can be
45 passed are anything supported by the
46 OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput() call, which includes EPSG
47 PCS and GCSes (i.e. EPSG:4296), PROJ.4 declarations (as above), or
48 the name of a .prj file containing well known text. Starting with
49 GDAL 2.2, if the SRS has an explicit vertical datum that points to
50 a PROJ.4 geoidgrids, and the input dataset is a single band
51 dataset, a vertical correction will be applied to the values of the
52 dataset.
53 -to NAME=VALUE:
55 set a transformer option suitable to pass to
56 GDALCreateGenImgProjTransformer2().
57 -novshiftgrid
59 (GDAL >= 2.2) Disable the use of vertical datum shift grids when
60 one of the source or target SRS has an explicit vertical datum, and
61 the input dataset is a single band dataset.
62 -order n:
64 order of polynomial used for warping (1 to 3). The default is to
65 select a polynomial order based on the number of GCPs.
66 -tps:
68 Force use of thin plate spline transformer based on available GCPs.
69 -rpc:
71 Force use of RPCs.
72 -geoloc:
74 Force use of Geolocation Arrays.
75 -et err_threshold:
77 error threshold for transformation approximation (in pixel units -
78 defaults to 0.125, unless, starting with GDAL 2.1, the RPC_DEM
79 warping option is specified, in which case, an exact transformer,
80 i.e. err_threshold=0, will be used).
81 -refine_gcps tolerance minimum_gcps:
83 (GDAL >= 1.9.0) refines the GCPs by automatically eliminating
84 outliers. Outliers will be eliminated until minimum_gcps are left
85 or when no outliers can be detected. The tolerance is passed to
86 adjust when a GCP will be eliminated. Not that GCP refinement only
87 works with polynomial interpolation. The tolerance is in pixel
88 units if no projection is available, otherwise it is in SRS units.
89 If minimum_gcps is not provided, the minimum GCPs according to the
90 polynomial model is used.
91 -te xmin ymin xmax ymax:
93 set georeferenced extents of output file to be created (in target
94 SRS by default, or in the SRS specified with -te_srs)
95 -te_srs srs_def:
97 (GDAL >= 2.0) Specifies the SRS in which to interpret the
98 coordinates given with -te. The srs_def may be any of the usual
99 GDAL/OGR forms, complete WKT, PROJ.4, EPSG:n or a file containing
100 the WKT. This must not be confused with -t_srs which is the target
101 SRS of the output dataset. -te_srs is a convenience e.g. when
102 knowing the output coordinates in a geodetic long/lat SRS, but
103 still wanting a result in a projected coordinate system.
104 -tr xres yres:
106 set output file resolution (in target georeferenced units)
107 -tap:
109 (GDAL >= 1.8.0) (target aligned pixels) align the coordinates of
110 the extent of the output file to the values of the -tr, such that
111 the aligned extent includes the minimum extent.
112 -ts width height:
114 set output file size in pixels and lines. If width or height is set
115 to 0, the other dimension will be guessed from the computed
116 resolution. Note that -ts cannot be used with -tr
117 -ovr level|AUTO|AUTO-n|NONE>:
119 (GDAL >= 2.0) To specify which overview level of source files must
120 be used. The default choice, AUTO, will select the overview level
121 whose resolution is the closest to the target resolution. Specify
122 an integer value (0-based, i.e. 0=1st overview level) to select a
123 particular level. Specify AUTO-n where n is an integer greater or
124 equal to 1, to select an overview level below the AUTO one. Or
125 specify NONE to force the base resolution to be used (can be useful
126 if overviews have been generated with a low quality resampling
127 method, and the warping is done using a higher quality resampling
128 method).
129 -wo 'NAME=VALUE':
131 Set a warp option. The GDALWarpOptions::papszWarpOptions docs show
132 all options. Multiple -wo options may be listed.
133 -ot type:
135 For the output bands to be of the indicated data type.
136 -wt type:
138 Working pixel data type. The data type of pixels in the source
139 image and destination image buffers.
140 -r resampling_method:
142 Resampling method to use. Available methods are:
143 near:
145 nearest neighbour resampling (default, fastest algorithm, worst
146 interpolation quality).
147 bilinear:
149 bilinear resampling.
150 cubic:
152 cubic resampling.
153 cubicspline:
155 cubic spline resampling.
156 lanczos:
158 Lanczos windowed sinc resampling.
159 average:
161 average resampling, computes the average of all non-NODATA
162 contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 1.10.0)
163 mode:
165 mode resampling, selects the value which appears most often of all
166 the sampled points. (GDAL >= 1.10.0)
167 max:
169 maximum resampling, selects the maximum value from all non-NODATA
170 contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 2.0.0)
171 min:
173 minimum resampling, selects the minimum value from all non-NODATA
174 contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 2.0.0)
175 med:
177 median resampling, selects the median value of all non-NODATA
178 contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 2.0.0)
179 q1:
181 first quartile resampling, selects the first quartile value of all
182 non-NODATA contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 2.0.0)
183 q3:
185 third quartile resampling, selects the third quartile value of all
186 non-NODATA contributing pixels. (GDAL >= 2.0.0)
187 -srcnodata value [value...]:
189 Set nodata masking values for input bands (different values can be
190 supplied for each band). If more than one value is supplied all
191 values should be quoted to keep them together as a single operating
192 system argument. Masked values will not be used in interpolation.
193 Use a value of None to ignore intrinsic nodata settings on the
194 source dataset.
195 -dstnodata value [value...]:
197 Set nodata values for output bands (different values can be
198 supplied for each band). If more than one value is supplied all
199 values should be quoted to keep them together as a single operating
200 system argument. New files will be initialized to this value and if
201 possible the nodata value will be recorded in the output file. Use
202 a value of None to ensure that nodata is not defined (GDAL>=1.11).
203 If this argument is not used then nodata values will be copied from
204 the source dataset (GDAL>=1.11).
205 -srcalpha:
207 Force the last band of a source image to be considered as a source
208 alpha band.
209 -nosrcalpha:
211 Prevent the alpha band of a source image to be considered as such
212 (it will be warped as a regular band) (GDAL>=2.2).
213 -dstalpha:
215 Create an output alpha band to identify nodata (unset/transparent)
216 pixels.
217 -wm memory_in_mb:
219 Set the amount of memory (in megabytes) that the warp API is
220 allowed to use for caching.
221 -multi:
223 Use multithreaded warping implementation. Two threads will be used
224 to process chunks of image and perform input/output operation
225 simultaneously. Note that computation is not multithreaded itself.
226 To do that, you can use the -wo NUM_THREADS=val/ALL_CPUS option,
227 which can be combined with -multi
228 -q:
230 Be quiet.
231 -of format:
233 Select the output format. The default is GeoTIFF (GTiff). Use the
234 short format name.
235 -co 'NAME=VALUE':
237 passes a creation option to the output format driver. Multiple -co
238 options may be listed. See format specific documentation for legal
239 creation options for each format
240 -cutline datasource:
242 Enable use of a blend cutline from the name OGR support datasource.
243 -cl layername:
245 Select the named layer from the cutline datasource.
246 -cwhere expression:
248 Restrict desired cutline features based on attribute query.
249 -csql query:
251 Select cutline features using an SQL query instead of from a layer
252 with -cl.
253 -cblend distance:
255 Set a blend distance to use to blend over cutlines (in pixels).
256 -crop_to_cutline:
258 (GDAL >= 1.8.0) Crop the extent of the target dataset to the extent
259 of the cutline.
260 -overwrite:
262 (GDAL >= 1.8.0) Overwrite the target dataset if it already exists.
263 -nomd:
265 (GDAL >= 1.10.0) Do not copy metadata. Without this option, dataset
266 and band metadata (as well as some band information) will be copied
267 from the first source dataset. Items that differ between source
268 datasets will be set to * (see -cvmd option).
269 -cvmd meta_conflict_value:
271 (GDAL >= 1.10.0) Value to set metadata items that conflict between
272 source datasets (default is '*'). Use '' to remove conflicting
273 items.
274 -setci:
276 (GDAL >= 1.10.0) Set the color interpretation of the bands of the
277 target dataset from the source dataset.
278 -oo NAME=VALUE:
280 (starting with GDAL 2.0) Dataset open option (format specific)
281 -doo NAME=VALUE:
283 (starting with GDAL 2.1) Output dataset open option (format
284 specific)
285 srcfile:
287 The source file name(s).
288 dstfile:
290 The destination file name.
291 Mosaicing into an existing output file is supported if the output file
293 already exists. The spatial extent of the existing file will not be
294 modified to accommodate new data, so you may have to remove it in that
295 case, or use the -overwrite option.
296 Polygon cutlines may be used as a mask to restrict the area of the
298 destination file that may be updated, including blending. If the OGR
299 layer containing the cutline features has no explicit SRS, the cutline
300 features must be in the SRS of the destination file. When writing to a
301 not yet existing target dataset, its extent will be the one of the
302 original raster unless -te or -crop_to_cutline are specified.
303 When doing vertical shift adjustments, the transformer option -to
305 ERROR_ON_MISSING_VERT_SHIFT=YES can be used to error out as soon as a
306 vertical shift value is missing (instead of 0 being used).
307
309 · For instance, an eight bit spot scene stored in GeoTIFF with control
310 points mapping the corners to lat/long could be warped to a UTM
311 projection with a command like this:
312 gdalwarp -t_srs '+proj=utm +zone=11 +datum=WGS84' -overwrite raw_spot.tif utm11.tif
314 · For instance, the second channel of an ASTER image stored in HDF with
316 control points mapping the corners to lat/long could be warped to a
317 UTM projection with a command like this:
318 gdalwarp -overwrite HDF4_SDS:ASTER_L1B:"pg-PR1B0000-2002031402_100_001":2 pg-PR1B0000-2002031402_100_001_2.tif
320 · (GDAL >= 2.2) To apply a cutline on a un-georeferenced image and clip
322 from pixel (220,60) to pixel (1160,690):
323 gdalwarp -overwrite -to SRC_METHOD=NO_GEOTRANSFORM -to DST_METHOD=NO_GEOTRANSFORM -te 220 60 1160 690 -cutline cutline.csv in.png out.tif
325 where cutline.csv content is like:
327 id,WKT
329 1,"POLYGON((....))"
330 · (GDAL >= 2.2) To transform a DEM from geoid elevations (using EGM96)
333 to WGS84 ellipsoidal heights:
334 gdalwarp -overwrite in_dem.tif out_dem.tif -s_srs EPSG:4326+5773 -t_srs EPSG:4979
336
338 http://trac.osgeo.org/gdal/wiki/UserDocs/GdalWarp : Wiki page
339 discussing options and behaviours of gdalwarp
340
342 Frank Warmerdam warmerdam@pobox.com, Silke Reimer silke@intevation.de
343GDAL Mon Feb 11 2019 gdalwarp(1)