1Role::Tiny(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Role::Tiny(3)
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6 Role::Tiny - Roles. Like a nouvelle cuisine portion size slice of
7 Moose.
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10 package Some::Role;
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12 use Role::Tiny;
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14 sub foo { ... }
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16 sub bar { ... }
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18 around baz => sub { ... };
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20 1;
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22 elsewhere
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24 package Some::Class;
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26 use Role::Tiny::With;
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28 # bar gets imported, but not foo
29 with 'Some::Role';
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31 sub foo { ... }
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33 # baz is wrapped in the around modifier by Class::Method::Modifiers
34 sub baz { ... }
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36 1;
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38 If you wanted attributes as well, look at Moo::Role.
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41 "Role::Tiny" is a minimalist role composition tool.
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44 Role composition can be thought of as much more clever and meaningful
45 multiple inheritance. The basics of this implementation of roles is:
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47 · If a method is already defined on a class, that method will not be
48 composed in from the role. A method inherited by a class gets
49 overridden by the role's method of the same name, though.
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51 · If a method that the role "requires" to be implemented is not
52 implemented, role application will fail loudly.
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54 Unlike Class::C3, where the last class inherited from "wins," role
55 composition is the other way around, where the class wins. If multiple
56 roles are applied in a single call (single with statement), then if any
57 of their provided methods clash, an exception is raised unless the
58 class provides a method since this conflict indicates a potential
59 problem.
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62 requires
63 requires qw(foo bar);
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65 Declares a list of methods that must be defined to compose role.
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67 with
68 with 'Some::Role1';
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70 with 'Some::Role1', 'Some::Role2';
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72 Composes another role into the current role (or class via
73 Role::Tiny::With).
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75 If you have conflicts and want to resolve them in favour of Some::Role1
76 you can instead write:
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78 with 'Some::Role1';
79 with 'Some::Role2';
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81 If you have conflicts and want to resolve different conflicts in favour
82 of different roles, please refactor your codebase.
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84 before
85 before foo => sub { ... };
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87 See "before method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
88 full documentation.
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90 Note that since you are not required to use method modifiers,
91 Class::Method::Modifiers is lazily loaded and we do not declare it as a
92 dependency. If your Role::Tiny role uses modifiers you must depend on
93 both Class::Method::Modifiers and Role::Tiny.
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95 around
96 around foo => sub { ... };
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98 See "around method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
99 full documentation.
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101 Note that since you are not required to use method modifiers,
102 Class::Method::Modifiers is lazily loaded and we do not declare it as a
103 dependency. If your Role::Tiny role uses modifiers you must depend on
104 both Class::Method::Modifiers and Role::Tiny.
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106 after
107 after foo => sub { ... };
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109 See "after method(s) => sub { ... }" in Class::Method::Modifiers for
110 full documentation.
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112 Note that since you are not required to use method modifiers,
113 Class::Method::Modifiers is lazily loaded and we do not declare it as a
114 dependency. If your Role::Tiny role uses modifiers you must depend on
115 both Class::Method::Modifiers and Role::Tiny.
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117 Strict and Warnings
118 In addition to importing subroutines, using "Role::Tiny" applies strict
119 and warnings to the caller.
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122 does_role
123 if (Role::Tiny::does_role($foo, 'Some::Role')) {
124 ...
125 }
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127 Returns true if class has been composed with role.
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129 This subroutine is also installed as ->does on any class a Role::Tiny
130 is composed into unless that class already has an ->does method, so
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132 if ($foo->does('Some::Role')) {
133 ...
134 }
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136 will work for classes but to test a role, one must use ::does_role
137 directly.
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139 Additionally, Role::Tiny will override the standard Perl "DOES" method
140 for your class. However, if "any" class in your class' inheritance
141 hierarchy provides "DOES", then Role::Tiny will not override it.
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144 apply_roles_to_package
145 Role::Tiny->apply_roles_to_package(
146 'Some::Package', 'Some::Role', 'Some::Other::Role'
147 );
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149 Composes role with package. See also Role::Tiny::With.
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151 apply_roles_to_object
152 Role::Tiny->apply_roles_to_object($foo, qw(Some::Role1 Some::Role2));
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154 Composes roles in order into object directly. Object is reblessed into
155 the resulting class. Note that the object's methods get overridden by
156 the role's ones with the same names.
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158 create_class_with_roles
159 Role::Tiny->create_class_with_roles('Some::Base', qw(Some::Role1 Some::Role2));
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161 Creates a new class based on base, with the roles composed into it in
162 order. New class is returned.
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164 is_role
165 Role::Tiny->is_role('Some::Role1')
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167 Returns true if the given package is a role.
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170 · On perl 5.8.8 and earlier, applying a role to an object won't apply
171 any overloads from the role to other copies of the object.
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173 · On perl 5.16 and earlier, applying a role to a class won't apply
174 any overloads from the role to any existing instances of the class.
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177 Role::Tiny is the attribute-less subset of Moo::Role; Moo::Role is a
178 meta-protocol-less subset of the king of role systems, Moose::Role.
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180 Ovid's Role::Basic provides roles with a similar scope, but without
181 method modifiers, and having some extra usage restrictions.
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184 mst - Matt S. Trout (cpan:MSTROUT) <mst@shadowcat.co.uk>
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187 dg - David Leadbeater (cpan:DGL) <dgl@dgl.cx>
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189 frew - Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt (cpan:FREW) <frioux@gmail.com>
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191 hobbs - Andrew Rodland (cpan:ARODLAND) <arodland@cpan.org>
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193 jnap - John Napiorkowski (cpan:JJNAPIORK) <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
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195 ribasushi - Peter Rabbitson (cpan:RIBASUSHI) <ribasushi@cpan.org>
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197 chip - Chip Salzenberg (cpan:CHIPS) <chip@pobox.com>
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199 ajgb - Alex J. G. Burzyński (cpan:AJGB) <ajgb@cpan.org>
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201 doy - Jesse Luehrs (cpan:DOY) <doy at tozt dot net>
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203 perigrin - Chris Prather (cpan:PERIGRIN) <chris@prather.org>
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205 Mithaldu - Christian Walde (cpan:MITHALDU)
206 <walde.christian@googlemail.com>
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208 ilmari - Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker (cpan:ILMARI) <ilmari@ilmari.org>
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210 tobyink - Toby Inkster (cpan:TOBYINK) <tobyink@cpan.org>
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212 haarg - Graham Knop (cpan:HAARG) <haarg@haarg.org>
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215 Copyright (c) 2010-2012 the Role::Tiny "AUTHOR" and "CONTRIBUTORS" as
216 listed above.
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219 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same
220 terms as perl itself.
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224perl v5.28.1 2017-11-08 Role::Tiny(3)