1dcm2pnm(1) OFFIS DCMTK dcm2pnm(1)
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6 dcm2pnm - Convert DICOM images to PGM/PPM, PNG, TIFF or BMP
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10 dcm2pnm [options] dcmfile-in [bitmap-out]
11
13 The dcm2pnm utility reads a DICOM image, converts the pixel data
14 according to the selected image processing options and writes back an
15 image in the well-known PGM/PPM (portable gray map / portable pix map),
16 PNG, TIFF or Windows BMP format. This utility only supports
17 uncompressed and RLE compressed DICOM images. The command line tool
18 dcmj2pnm also supports a number of JPEG compression schemes.
19
21 dcmfile-in DICOM input filename to be converted
22 bitmap-out output filename to be written (default: stdout)
24
26 general options
27 -h --help
28 print this help text and exit
29 --version
31 print version information and exit
32 --arguments
34 print expanded command line arguments
35 -q --quiet
37 quiet mode, print no warnings and errors
38 -v --verbose
40 verbose mode, print processing details
41 -d --debug
43 debug mode, print debug information
44 -ll --log-level [l]evel: string constant
46 (fatal, error, warn, info, debug, trace)
47 use level l for the logger
48 -lc --log-config [f]ilename: string
50 use config file f for the logger
51 input options
53 input file format:
54 +f --read-file
56 read file format or data set (default)
57 +fo --read-file-only
59 read file format only
60 -f --read-dataset
62 read data set without file meta information
63 input transfer syntax:
65 -t= --read-xfer-auto
67 use TS recognition (default)
68 -td --read-xfer-detect
70 ignore TS specified in the file meta header
71 -te --read-xfer-little
73 read with explicit VR little endian TS
74 -tb --read-xfer-big
76 read with explicit VR big endian TS
77 -ti --read-xfer-implicit
79 read with implicit VR little endian TS
80 image processing options
82 frame selection:
83 +F --frame [n]umber: integer
85 select specified frame (default: 1)
86 +Fr --frame-range [n]umber [c]ount: integer
88 select c frames beginning with frame n
89 +Fa --all-frames
91 select all frames
92 rotation:
94 +Rl --rotate-left
96 rotate image left (-90 degrees)
97 +Rr --rotate-right
99 rotate image right (+90 degrees)
100 +Rtd --rotate-top-down
102 rotate image top-down (180 degrees)
103 flipping:
105 +Lh --flip-horizontally
107 flip image horizontally
108 +Lv --flip-vertically
110 flip image vertically
111 +Lhv --flip-both-axes
113 flip image horizontally and vertically
114 scaling:
116 +a --recognize-aspect
118 recognize pixel aspect ratio (default)
119 -a --ignore-aspect
121 ignore pixel aspect ratio when scaling
122 +i --interpolate [n]umber of algorithm: integer
124 use interpolation when scaling (1..4, default: 1)
125 -i --no-interpolation
127 no interpolation when scaling
128 -S --no-scaling
130 no scaling, ignore pixel aspect ratio (default)
131 +Sxf --scale-x-factor [f]actor: float
133 scale x axis by factor, auto-compute y axis
134 +Syf --scale-y-factor [f]actor: float
136 scale y axis by factor, auto-compute x axis
137 +Sxv --scale-x-size [n]umber: integer
139 scale x axis to n pixels, auto-compute y axis
140 +Syv --scale-y-size [n]umber: integer
142 scale y axis to n pixels, auto-compute x axis
143 modality LUT transformation:
145 -M --no-modality
147 ignore stored modality LUT transformation
148 +M --use-modality
150 use modality LUT transformation (default)
151 VOI LUT transformation:
153 -W --no-windowing
155 no VOI windowing (default)
156 +Wi --use-window [n]umber: integer
158 use the n-th VOI window from image file
159 +Wl --use-voi-lut [n]umber: integer
161 use the n-th VOI look up table from image file
162 +Wm --min-max-window
164 compute VOI window using min-max algorithm
165 +Wn --min-max-window-n
167 compute VOI window using min-max algorithm,
168 ignoring extreme values
169 +Wr --roi-min-max-window [l]eft [t]op [w]idth [h]eight: integer
171 compute ROI window using min-max algorithm,
172 region of interest is specified by l,t,w,h
173 +Wh --histogram-window [n]umber: integer
175 compute VOI window using Histogram algorithm,
176 ignoring n percent
177 +Ww --set-window [c]enter [w]idth: float
179 compute VOI window using center c and width w
180 +Wfl --linear-function
182 set VOI LUT function to LINEAR
183 +Wfs --sigmoid-function
185 set VOI LUT function to SIGMOID
186 presentation LUT transformation:
188 +Pid --identity-shape
190 set presentation LUT shape to IDENTITY
191 +Piv --inverse-shape
193 set presentation LUT shape to INVERSE
194 +Pod --lin-od-shape
196 set presentation LUT shape to LIN OD
197 overlay:
199 -O --no-overlays
201 do not display overlays
202 +O --display-overlay [n]umber: integer
204 display overlay n (0..16, 0=all, default: +O 0)
205 +Omr --ovl-replace
207 use overlay mode "Replace"
208 (default for Graphic overlays)
209 +Omt --ovl-threshold
211 use overlay mode "Threshold Replace"
212 +Omc --ovl-complement
214 use overlay mode "Complement"
215 +Omv --ovl-invert
217 use overlay mode "Invert Bitmap"
218 +Omi --ovl-roi
220 use overlay mode "Region of Interest"
221 (default for ROI overlays)
222 +Osf --set-foreground [d]ensity: float
224 set overlay foreground density (0..1, default: 1)
225 +Ost --set-threshold [d]ensity: float
227 set overlay threshold density (0..1, default: 0.5)
228 display LUT transformation:
230 +Dm --monitor-file [f]ilename: string
232 calibrate output according to monitor characteristics
233 defined in f
234 +Dp --printer-file [f]ilename: string
236 calibrate output according to printer characteristics
237 defined in f
238 +Da --ambient-light [a]mbient light: float
240 ambient light value (cd/m^2, default: file f)
241 +Di --illumination [i]llumination: float
243 illumination value (cd/m^2, default: file f)
244 +Dn --min-density [m]inimum optical density: float
246 Dmin value (default: off, only with +Dp)
247 +Dx --max-density [m]aximum optical density: float
249 Dmax value (default: off, only with +Dp)
250 +Dg --gsd-function
252 use GSDF for calibration (default for +Dm/+Dp)
253 +Dc --cielab-function
255 use CIELAB function for calibration
256 compatibility:
258 +Ma --accept-acr-nema
260 accept ACR-NEMA images without photometric
261 interpretation
262 +Mp --accept-palettes
264 accept incorrect palette attribute tags
265 (0028,111x) and (0028,121x)
266 +Mc --check-lut-depth
268 check 3rd value of the LUT descriptor, compare
269 with expected bit depth based on LUT data
270 +Mm --ignore-mlut-depth
272 ignore 3rd value of the modality LUT descriptor,
273 determine bits per table entry automatically
274 +Mv --ignore-vlut-depth
276 ignore 3rd value of the VOI LUT descriptor,
277 determine bits per table entry automatically
278 TIFF format:
280 +Tl --compr-lzw
282 LZW compression (default)
283 +Tr --compr-rle
285 RLE compression
286 +Tn --compr-none
288 uncompressed
289 +Pd --predictor-default
291 no LZW predictor (default)
292 +Pn --predictor-none
294 LZW predictor 1 (no prediction)
295 +Ph --predictor-horz
297 LZW predictor 2 (horizontal differencing)
298 +Rs --rows-per-strip [r]ows: integer (default: 0)
300 rows per strip, default 8K per strip
301 PNG format:
303 +il --interlace
305 create interlaced file (default)
306 -il --nointerlace
308 create non-interlaced file
309 +mf --meta-file
311 create PNG file meta information (default)
312 -mf --meta-none
314 no PNG file meta information
315 other transformations:
317 +G --grayscale
319 convert to grayscale if necessary
320 +P --change-polarity
322 change polarity (invert pixel output)
323 +C --clip-region [l]eft [t]op [w]idth [h]eight: integer
325 clip image region (l, t, w, h)
326 output options
328 general:
329 -im --image-info
331 print image details (requires verbose mode)
332 -o --no-output
334 do not create any output (useful with -im)
335 filename generation (only with --frame-range or --all-frames):
337 +Fc --use-frame-counter
339 use 0-based counter for filenames (default)
340 +Fn --use-frame-number
342 use absolute frame number for filenames
343 image format:
345 +op --write-raw-pnm
347 write 8-bit binary PGM/PPM (default for files)
348 +opb --write-8-bit-pnm
350 write 8-bit ASCII PGM/PPM (default for stdout)
351 +opw --write-16-bit-pnm
353 write 16-bit ASCII PGM/PPM
354 +opn --write-n-bit-pnm [n]umber: integer
356 write n-bit ASCII PGM/PPM (1..32)
357 +ob --write-bmp
359 write 8-bit (monochrome) or 24-bit (color) BMP
360 +obp --write-8-bit-bmp
362 write 8-bit palette BMP (monochrome only)
363 +obt --write-24-bit-bmp
365 write 24-bit truecolor BMP
366 +obr --write-32-bit-bmp
368 write 32-bit truecolor BMP
369 +ot --write-tiff
371 write 8-bit (monochrome) or 24-bit (color) TIFF
372 +on --write-png
374 write 8-bit (monochrome) or 24-bit (color) PNG
375 +on2 --write-16-bit-png
377 write 16-bit (monochrome) or 48-bit (color) PNG
378
380 The following preferred interpolation algorithms can be selected using
381 the --interpolate option:
382 • 1 = free scaling algorithm with interpolation from pbmplus toolkit
384 • 2 = free scaling algorithm with interpolation from c't magazine
385 • 3 = magnification algorithm with bilinear interpolation from Eduard
386 Stanescu
387 • 4 = magnification algorithm with bicubic interpolation from Eduard
388 Stanescu
389 The --write-tiff option is only available when DCMTK has been
390 configured and compiled with support for the external libtiff TIFF
391 library. The availability of the TIFF compression options depends on
392 the libtiff configuration. In particular, the patented LZW algorithm
393 may not be available.
394 The --write-png option is only available when DCMTK has been configured
395 and compiled with support for the external libpng PNG library. Option
396 --interlace enables progressive image view while loading the PNG file.
397 Only a few applications take care of the meta info (TEXT) in a PNG
398 file.
400 dcm2pnm supports the following transfer syntaxes for input (dcmfile-
401 in):
402 LittleEndianImplicitTransferSyntax 1.2.840.10008.1.2
403 LittleEndianExplicitTransferSyntax 1.2.840.10008.1.2.1
404 DeflatedExplicitVRLittleEndianTransferSyntax 1.2.840.10008.1.2.1.99 (*)
405 BigEndianExplicitTransferSyntax 1.2.840.10008.1.2.2
406 RLELosslessTransferSyntax 1.2.840.10008.1.2.5
407 (*) if compiled with zlib support enabled
409 The level of logging output of the various command line tools and
410 underlying libraries can be specified by the user. By default, only
411 errors and warnings are written to the standard error stream. Using
412 option --verbose also informational messages like processing details
413 are reported. Option --debug can be used to get more details on the
414 internal activity, e.g. for debugging purposes. Other logging levels
415 can be selected using option --log-level. In --quiet mode only fatal
416 errors are reported. In such very severe error events, the application
417 will usually terminate. For more details on the different logging
418 levels, see documentation of module 'oflog'.
419 In case the logging output should be written to file (optionally with
420 logfile rotation), to syslog (Unix) or the event log (Windows) option
421 --log-config can be used. This configuration file also allows for
422 directing only certain messages to a particular output stream and for
423 filtering certain messages based on the module or application where
424 they are generated. An example configuration file is provided in
425 <etcdir>/logger.cfg.
427 All command line tools use the following notation for parameters:
428 square brackets enclose optional values (0-1), three trailing dots
429 indicate that multiple values are allowed (1-n), a combination of both
430 means 0 to n values.
431 Command line options are distinguished from parameters by a leading '+'
432 or '-' sign, respectively. Usually, order and position of command line
433 options are arbitrary (i.e. they can appear anywhere). However, if
434 options are mutually exclusive the rightmost appearance is used. This
435 behavior conforms to the standard evaluation rules of common Unix
436 shells.
437 In addition, one or more command files can be specified using an '@'
438 sign as a prefix to the filename (e.g. @command.txt). Such a command
439 argument is replaced by the content of the corresponding text file
440 (multiple whitespaces are treated as a single separator unless they
441 appear between two quotation marks) prior to any further evaluation.
442 Please note that a command file cannot contain another command file.
443 This simple but effective approach allows one to summarize common
444 combinations of options/parameters and avoids longish and confusing
445 command lines (an example is provided in file <datadir>/dumppat.txt).
447 The dcm2pnm utility will attempt to load DICOM data dictionaries
448 specified in the DCMDICTPATH environment variable. By default, i.e. if
449 the DCMDICTPATH environment variable is not set, the file
450 <datadir>/dicom.dic will be loaded unless the dictionary is built into
451 the application (default for Windows).
452 The default behavior should be preferred and the DCMDICTPATH
453 environment variable only used when alternative data dictionaries are
454 required. The DCMDICTPATH environment variable has the same format as
455 the Unix shell PATH variable in that a colon (':') separates entries.
456 On Windows systems, a semicolon (';') is used as a separator. The data
457 dictionary code will attempt to load each file specified in the
458 DCMDICTPATH environment variable. It is an error if no data dictionary
459 can be loaded.
461 <datadir>/camera.lut - sample characteristics file of a camera
462 <datadir>/monitor.lut - sample characteristics file of a monitor
463 <datadir>/printer.lut - sample characteristics file of a printer
464 <datadir>/scanner.lut - sample characteristics file of a scanner
466 dcmj2pnm(1), img2dcm(1)
468 Copyright (C) 1998-2014 by OFFIS e.V., Escherweg 2, 26121 Oldenburg,
469 Germany.
470Version 3.6.4 Thu Nov 29 2018 dcm2pnm(1)