1I18N::LangTags::List(3pmP)erl Programmers Reference GuidIe18N::LangTags::List(3pm)
2
6 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
7
9 use I18N::LangTags::List;
10 print "Parlez-vous... ", join(', ',
11 I18N::LangTags::List::name('elx') || 'unknown_language',
12 I18N::LangTags::List::name('ar-Kw') || 'unknown_language',
13 I18N::LangTags::List::name('en') || 'unknown_language',
14 I18N::LangTags::List::name('en-CA') || 'unknown_language',
15 ), "?\n";
16 prints:
18 Parlez-vous... Elamite, Kuwait Arabic, English, Canadian English?
20
22 This module provides a function "I18N::LangTags::List::name( langtag )
23 " that takes a language tag (see I18N::LangTags) and returns the best
24 attempt at an English name for it, or undef if it can't make sense of
25 the tag.
26 The function I18N::LangTags::List::name(...) is not exported.
28 This module also provides a function "I18N::LangTags::List::is_decent(
30 langtag )" that returns true iff the language tag is syntactically
31 valid and is for general use (like "fr" or "fr-ca", below). That is,
32 it returns false for tags that are syntactically invalid and for tags,
33 like "aus", that are listed in brackets below. This function is not
34 exported.
35 The map of tags-to-names that it uses is accessible as
37 %I18N::LangTags::List::Name, and it's the same as the list that follows
38 in this documentation, which should be useful to you even if you don't
39 use this module.
40
42 Internet language tags, as defined in RFC 3066, are a formalism for
43 denoting human languages. The two-letter ISO 639-1 language codes are
44 well known (as "en" for English), as are their forms when qualified by
45 a country code ("en-US"). Less well-known are the arbitrary-length
46 non-ISO codes (like "i-mingo"), and the recently (in 2001) introduced
47 three-letter ISO-639-2 codes.
48 Remember these important facts:
50 • Language tags are not locale IDs. A locale ID is written with a
52 "_" instead of a "-", (almost?) always matches "m/^\w\w_\w\w\b/",
53 and means something different than a language tag. A language tag
54 denotes a language. A locale ID denotes a language as used in a
55 particular place, in combination with non-linguistic location-
56 specific information such as what currency is used there. Locales
57 also often denote character set information, as in
58 "en_US.ISO8859-1".
59 • Language tags are not for computer languages.
61 • "Dialect" is not a useful term, since there is no objective
63 criterion for establishing when two language-forms are dialects of
64 eachother, or are separate languages.
65 • Language tags are not case-sensitive. en-US, en-us, En-Us, etc.,
67 are all the same tag, and denote the same language.
68 • Not every language tag really refers to a single language. Some
70 language tags refer to conditions: i-default (system-message text
71 in English plus maybe other languages), und (undetermined
72 language). Others (notably lots of the three-letter codes) are
73 bibliographic tags that classify whole groups of languages, as with
74 cus "Cushitic (Other)" (i.e., a language that has been classed as
75 Cushtic, but which has no more specific code) or the even less
76 linguistically coherent sai for "South American Indian (Other)".
77 Though useful in bibliography, SUCH TAGS ARE NOT FOR GENERAL USE.
78 For further guidance, email me.
79 • Language tags are not country codes. In fact, they are often
81 distinct codes, as with language tag ja for Japanese, and ISO 3166
82 country code ".jp" for Japan.
83
85 The first part of each item is the language tag, between {...}. It is
86 followed by an English name for the language or language-group.
87 Language tags that I judge to be not for general use, are bracketed.
88 This list is in alphabetical order by English name of the language.
90 {ab} : Abkhazian
92 eq Abkhaz
93 {ace} : Achinese
95 {ach} : Acoli
96 {ada} : Adangme
97 {ady} : Adyghe
98 eq Adygei
99 {aa} : Afar
101 {afh} : Afrihili
102 (Artificial)
103 {af} : Afrikaans
105 [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)]
106 {ak} : Akan
107 (Formerly "aka".)
108 {akk} : Akkadian
110 (Historical)
111 {sq} : Albanian
113 {ale} : Aleut
114 [{alg} : Algonquian languages]
115 NOT Algonquin!
116 [{tut} : Altaic (Other)]
118 {am} : Amharic
119 NOT Aramaic!
120 {i-ami} : Ami
122 eq Amis. eq 'Amis. eq Pangca.
123 [{apa} : Apache languages]
125 {ar} : Arabic
126 Many forms are mutually un-intelligible in spoken media. Notable
127 forms: {ar-ae} UAE Arabic; {ar-bh} Bahrain Arabic; {ar-dz} Algerian
128 Arabic; {ar-eg} Egyptian Arabic; {ar-iq} Iraqi Arabic; {ar-jo}
129 Jordanian Arabic; {ar-kw} Kuwait Arabic; {ar-lb} Lebanese Arabic;
130 {ar-ly} Libyan Arabic; {ar-ma} Moroccan Arabic; {ar-om} Omani
131 Arabic; {ar-qa} Qatari Arabic; {ar-sa} Sauda Arabic; {ar-sy} Syrian
132 Arabic; {ar-tn} Tunisian Arabic; {ar-ye} Yemen Arabic.
133 {arc} : Aramaic
135 NOT Amharic! NOT Samaritan Aramaic!
136 {arp} : Arapaho
138 {arn} : Araucanian
139 {arw} : Arawak
140 {hy} : Armenian
141 {an} : Aragonese
142 [{art} : Artificial (Other)]
143 {ast} : Asturian
144 eq Bable.
145 {as} : Assamese
147 [{ath} : Athapascan languages]
148 eq Athabaskan. eq Athapaskan. eq Athabascan.
149 [{aus} : Australian languages]
151 [{map} : Austronesian (Other)]
152 {av} : Avaric
153 (Formerly "ava".)
154 {ae} : Avestan
156 eq Zend
157 {awa} : Awadhi
159 {ay} : Aymara
160 {az} : Azerbaijani
161 eq Azeri
162 Notable forms: {az-Arab} Azerbaijani in Arabic script; {az-Cyrl}
164 Azerbaijani in Cyrillic script; {az-Latn} Azerbaijani in Latin
165 script.
166 {ban} : Balinese
168 [{bat} : Baltic (Other)]
169 {bal} : Baluchi
170 {bm} : Bambara
171 (Formerly "bam".)
172 [{bai} : Bamileke languages]
174 {bad} : Banda
175 [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)]
176 {bas} : Basa
177 {ba} : Bashkir
178 {eu} : Basque
179 {btk} : Batak (Indonesia)
180 {bej} : Beja
181 {be} : Belarusian
182 eq Belarussian. eq Byelarussian. eq Belorussian. eq
183 Byelorussian. eq White Russian. eq White Ruthenian. NOT
184 Ruthenian!
185 {bem} : Bemba
187 {bn} : Bengali
188 eq Bangla.
189 [{ber} : Berber (Other)]
191 {bho} : Bhojpuri
192 {bh} : Bihari
193 {bik} : Bikol
194 {bin} : Bini
195 {bi} : Bislama
196 eq Bichelamar.
197 {bs} : Bosnian
199 {bra} : Braj
200 {br} : Breton
201 {bug} : Buginese
202 {bg} : Bulgarian
203 {i-bnn} : Bunun
204 {bua} : Buriat
205 {my} : Burmese
206 {cad} : Caddo
207 {car} : Carib
208 {ca} : Catalan
209 eq Catalan. eq Catalonian.
210 [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)]
212 {ceb} : Cebuano
213 [{cel} : Celtic (Other)]
214 Notable forms: {cel-gaulish} Gaulish (Historical)
215 [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)]
217 {chg} : Chagatai
218 (Historical?)
219 [{cmc} : Chamic languages]
221 {ch} : Chamorro
222 {ce} : Chechen
223 {chr} : Cherokee
224 eq Tsalagi
225 {chy} : Cheyenne
227 {chb} : Chibcha
228 (Historical) NOT Chibchan (which is a language family).
229 {ny} : Chichewa
231 eq Nyanja. eq Chinyanja.
232 {zh} : Chinese
234 Many forms are mutually un-intelligible in spoken media. Notable
235 forms: {zh-Hans} Chinese, in simplified script; {zh-Hant} Chinese,
236 in traditional script; {zh-tw} Taiwan Chinese; {zh-cn} PRC Chinese;
237 {zh-sg} Singapore Chinese; {zh-mo} Macau Chinese; {zh-hk} Hong Kong
238 Chinese; {zh-guoyu} Mandarin [Putonghua/Guoyu]; {zh-hakka} Hakka
239 [formerly "i-hakka"]; {zh-min} Hokkien; {zh-min-nan} Southern
240 Hokkien; {zh-wuu} Shanghaiese; {zh-xiang} Hunanese; {zh-gan} Gan;
241 {zh-yue} Cantonese.
242 {chn} : Chinook Jargon
244 eq Chinook Wawa.
245 {chp} : Chipewyan
247 {cho} : Choctaw
248 {cu} : Church Slavic
249 eq Old Church Slavonic.
250 {chk} : Chuukese
252 eq Trukese. eq Chuuk. eq Truk. eq Ruk.
253 {cv} : Chuvash
255 {cop} : Coptic
256 {kw} : Cornish
257 {co} : Corsican
258 eq Corse.
259 {cr} : Cree
261 NOT Creek! (Formerly "cre".)
262 {mus} : Creek
264 NOT Cree!
265 [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)]
267 [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)]
268 [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)]
269 [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)]
270 {hr} : Croatian
271 eq Croat.
272 [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)]
274 {cs} : Czech
275 {dak} : Dakota
276 eq Nakota. eq Latoka.
277 {da} : Danish
279 {dar} : Dargwa
280 {day} : Dayak
281 {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language
282 Defined in RFC 2277, this is for tagging text (which must include
283 English text, and might/should include text in other appropriate
284 languages) that is emitted in a context where language-negotiation
285 wasn't possible -- in SMTP mail failure messages, for example.
286 {del} : Delaware
288 {din} : Dinka
289 {dv} : Divehi
290 eq Maldivian. (Formerly "div".)
291 {doi} : Dogri
293 NOT Dogrib!
294 {dgr} : Dogrib
296 NOT Dogri!
297 [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)]
299 {dua} : Duala
300 {nl} : Dutch
301 eq Netherlander. Notable forms: {nl-nl} Netherlands Dutch; {nl-be}
302 Belgian Dutch.
303 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350)
305 (Historical)
306 {dyu} : Dyula
308 {dz} : Dzongkha
309 {efi} : Efik
310 {egy} : Ancient Egyptian
311 (Historical)
312 {eka} : Ekajuk
314 {elx} : Elamite
315 (Historical)
316 {en} : English
318 Notable forms: {en-au} Australian English; {en-bz} Belize English;
319 {en-ca} Canadian English; {en-gb} UK English; {en-ie} Irish
320 English; {en-jm} Jamaican English; {en-nz} New Zealand English;
321 {en-ph} Philippine English; {en-tt} Trinidad English; {en-us} US
322 English; {en-za} South African English; {en-zw} Zimbabwe English.
323 {enm} : Old English (1100-1500)
325 (Historical)
326 {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100)
328 eq Anglo-Saxon. (Historical)
329 {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial)
331 {myv} : Erzya
332 {eo} : Esperanto
333 (Artificial)
334 {et} : Estonian
336 {ee} : Ewe
337 (Formerly "ewe".)
338 {ewo} : Ewondo
340 {fan} : Fang
341 {fat} : Fanti
342 {fo} : Faroese
343 {fj} : Fijian
344 {fi} : Finnish
345 [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)]
346 eq Finno-Ugric. NOT Ugaritic!
347 {fon} : Fon
349 {fr} : French
350 Notable forms: {fr-fr} France French; {fr-be} Belgian French;
351 {fr-ca} Canadian French; {fr-ch} Swiss French; {fr-lu} Luxembourg
352 French; {fr-mc} Monaco French.
353 {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600)
355 (Historical)
356 {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400)
358 (Historical)
359 {fy} : Frisian
361 {fur} : Friulian
362 {ff} : Fulah
363 (Formerly "ful".)
364 {gaa} : Ga
366 {gd} : Scots Gaelic
367 NOT Scots!
368 {gl} : Gallegan
370 eq Galician
371 {lg} : Ganda
373 (Formerly "lug".)
374 {gay} : Gayo
376 {gba} : Gbaya
377 {gez} : Geez
378 eq Ge'ez
379 {ka} : Georgian
381 {de} : German
382 Notable forms: {de-at} Austrian German; {de-be} Belgian German;
383 {de-ch} Swiss German; {de-de} Germany German; {de-li} Liechtenstein
384 German; {de-lu} Luxembourg German.
385 {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500)
387 (Historical)
388 {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050)
390 (Historical)
391 [{gem} : Germanic (Other)]
393 {gil} : Gilbertese
394 {gon} : Gondi
395 {gor} : Gorontalo
396 {got} : Gothic
397 (Historical)
398 {grb} : Grebo
400 {grc} : Ancient Greek
401 (Historical) (Until 15th century or so.)
402 {el} : Modern Greek
404 (Since 15th century or so.)
405 {gn} : Guarani
407 Guarani
408 {gu} : Gujarati
410 {gwi} : Gwich'in
411 eq Gwichin
412 {hai} : Haida
414 {ht} : Haitian
415 eq Haitian Creole
416 {ha} : Hausa
418 {haw} : Hawaiian
419 Hawai'ian
420 {he} : Hebrew
422 (Formerly "iw".)
423 {hz} : Herero
425 {hil} : Hiligaynon
426 {him} : Himachali
427 {hi} : Hindi
428 {ho} : Hiri Motu
429 {hit} : Hittite
430 (Historical)
431 {hmn} : Hmong
433 {hu} : Hungarian
434 {hup} : Hupa
435 {iba} : Iban
436 {is} : Icelandic
437 {io} : Ido
438 (Artificial)
439 {ig} : Igbo
441 (Formerly "ibo".)
442 {ijo} : Ijo
444 {ilo} : Iloko
445 [{inc} : Indic (Other)]
446 [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)]
447 {id} : Indonesian
448 (Formerly "in".)
449 {inh} : Ingush
451 {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)
452 (Artificial) NOT Interlingue!
453 {ie} : Interlingue
455 (Artificial) NOT Interlingua!
456 {iu} : Inuktitut
458 A subform of "Eskimo".
459 {ik} : Inupiaq
461 A subform of "Eskimo".
462 [{ira} : Iranian (Other)]
464 {ga} : Irish
465 {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200)
466 (Historical)
467 {sga} : Old Irish (to 900)
469 (Historical)
470 [{iro} : Iroquoian languages]
472 {it} : Italian
473 Notable forms: {it-it} Italy Italian; {it-ch} Swiss Italian.
474 {ja} : Japanese
476 (NOT "jp"!)
477 {jv} : Javanese
479 (Formerly "jw" because of a typo.)
480 {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic
482 {jpr} : Judeo-Persian
483 {kbd} : Kabardian
484 {kab} : Kabyle
485 {kac} : Kachin
486 {kl} : Kalaallisut
487 eq Greenlandic "Eskimo"
488 {xal} : Kalmyk
490 {kam} : Kamba
491 {kn} : Kannada
492 eq Kanarese. NOT Canadian!
493 {kr} : Kanuri
495 (Formerly "kau".)
496 {krc} : Karachay-Balkar
498 {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak
499 {kar} : Karen
500 {ks} : Kashmiri
501 {csb} : Kashubian
502 eq Kashub
503 {kaw} : Kawi
505 {kk} : Kazakh
506 {kha} : Khasi
507 {km} : Khmer
508 eq Cambodian. eq Kampuchean.
509 [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)]
511 {kho} : Khotanese
512 {ki} : Kikuyu
513 eq Gikuyu.
514 {kmb} : Kimbundu
516 {rw} : Kinyarwanda
517 {ky} : Kirghiz
518 {i-klingon} : Klingon
519 {kv} : Komi
520 {kg} : Kongo
521 (Formerly "kon".)
522 {kok} : Konkani
524 {ko} : Korean
525 {kos} : Kosraean
526 {kpe} : Kpelle
527 {kro} : Kru
528 {kj} : Kuanyama
529 {kum} : Kumyk
530 {ku} : Kurdish
531 {kru} : Kurukh
532 {kut} : Kutenai
533 {lad} : Ladino
534 eq Judeo-Spanish. NOT Ladin (a minority language in Italy).
535 {lah} : Lahnda
537 NOT Lamba!
538 {lam} : Lamba
540 NOT Lahnda!
541 {lo} : Lao
543 eq Laotian.
544 {la} : Latin
546 (Historical) NOT Ladin! NOT Ladino!
547 {lv} : Latvian
549 eq Lettish.
550 {lb} : Letzeburgesch
552 eq Luxemburgian, eq Luxemburger. (Formerly "i-lux".)
553 {lez} : Lezghian
555 {li} : Limburgish
556 eq Limburger, eq Limburgan. NOT Letzeburgesch!
557 {ln} : Lingala
559 {lt} : Lithuanian
560 {nds} : Low German
561 eq Low Saxon. eq Low German. eq Low Saxon.
562 {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial)
564 {loz} : Lozi
565 {lu} : Luba-Katanga
566 (Formerly "lub".)
567 {lua} : Luba-Lulua
569 {lui} : Luiseno
570 eq Luisen~o.
571 {lun} : Lunda
573 {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
574 {lus} : Lushai
575 {mk} : Macedonian
576 eq the modern Slavic language spoken in what was Yugoslavia. NOT
577 the form of Greek spoken in Greek Macedonia!
578 {mad} : Madurese
580 {mag} : Magahi
581 {mai} : Maithili
582 {mak} : Makasar
583 {mg} : Malagasy
584 {ms} : Malay
585 NOT Malayalam!
586 {ml} : Malayalam
588 NOT Malay!
589 {mt} : Maltese
591 {mnc} : Manchu
592 {mdr} : Mandar
593 NOT Mandarin!
594 {man} : Mandingo
596 {mni} : Manipuri
597 eq Meithei.
598 [{mno} : Manobo languages]
600 {gv} : Manx
601 {mi} : Maori
602 NOT Mari!
603 {mr} : Marathi
605 {chm} : Mari
606 NOT Maori!
607 {mh} : Marshall
609 eq Marshallese.
610 {mwr} : Marwari
612 {mas} : Masai
613 [{myn} : Mayan languages]
614 {men} : Mende
615 {mic} : Micmac
616 {min} : Minangkabau
617 {i-mingo} : Mingo
618 eq the Irquoian language West Virginia Seneca. NOT New York
619 Seneca!
620 [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages]
622 Don't use this.
623 {moh} : Mohawk
625 {mdf} : Moksha
626 {mo} : Moldavian
627 eq Moldovan.
628 [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)]
630 {lol} : Mongo
631 {mn} : Mongolian
632 eq Mongol.
633 {mos} : Mossi
635 [{mul} : Multiple languages]
636 Not for normal use.
637 [{mun} : Munda languages]
639 {nah} : Nahuatl
640 {nap} : Neapolitan
641 {na} : Nauru
642 {nv} : Navajo
643 eq Navaho. (Formerly "i-navajo".)
644 {nd} : North Ndebele
646 {nr} : South Ndebele
647 {ng} : Ndonga
648 {ne} : Nepali
649 eq Nepalese. Notable forms: {ne-np} Nepal Nepali; {ne-in} India
650 Nepali.
651 {new} : Newari
653 {nia} : Nias
654 [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)]
655 [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)]
656 {niu} : Niuean
657 {nog} : Nogai
658 {non} : Old Norse
659 (Historical)
660 [{nai} : North American Indian]
662 Do not use this.
663 {no} : Norwegian
665 Note the two following forms:
666 {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal
668 eq Bokmaal, (A form of Norwegian.) (Formerly "no-bok".)
669 {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk
671 (A form of Norwegian.) (Formerly "no-nyn".)
672 [{nub} : Nubian languages]
674 {nym} : Nyamwezi
675 {nyn} : Nyankole
676 {nyo} : Nyoro
677 {nzi} : Nzima
678 {oc} : Occitan (post 1500)
679 eq Provencal, eq Provencal
680 {oj} : Ojibwa
682 eq Ojibwe. (Formerly "oji".)
683 {or} : Oriya
685 {om} : Oromo
686 {osa} : Osage
687 {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic
688 [{oto} : Otomian languages]
689 Group of languages collectively called "Otomi".
690 {pal} : Pahlavi
692 eq Pahlevi
693 {i-pwn} : Paiwan
695 eq Pariwan
696 {pau} : Palauan
698 {pi} : Pali
699 (Historical?)
700 {pam} : Pampanga
702 {pag} : Pangasinan
703 {pa} : Panjabi
704 eq Punjabi
705 {pap} : Papiamento
707 eq Papiamentu.
708 [{paa} : Papuan (Other)]
710 {fa} : Persian
711 eq Farsi. eq Iranian.
712 {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.)
714 [{phi} : Philippine (Other)]
715 {phn} : Phoenician
716 (Historical)
717 {pon} : Pohnpeian
719 NOT Pompeiian!
720 {pl} : Polish
722 {pt} : Portuguese
723 eq Portugese. Notable forms: {pt-pt} Portugal Portuguese; {pt-br}
724 Brazilian Portuguese.
725 [{pra} : Prakrit languages]
727 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500)
728 eq Old Provencal. (Historical.)
729 {ps} : Pushto
731 eq Pashto. eq Pushtu.
732 {qu} : Quechua
734 eq Quecha.
735 {rm} : Raeto-Romance
737 eq Romansh.
738 {raj} : Rajasthani
740 {rap} : Rapanui
741 {rar} : Rarotongan
742 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.]
743 [{roa} : Romance (Other)]
744 NOT Romanian! NOT Romany! NOT Romansh!
745 {ro} : Romanian
747 eq Rumanian. NOT Romany!
748 {rom} : Romany
750 eq Rom. NOT Romanian!
751 {rn} : Rundi
753 {ru} : Russian
754 NOT White Russian! NOT Rusyn!
755 [{sal} : Salishan languages]
757 Large language group.
758 {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic
760 NOT Aramaic!
761 {se} : Northern Sami
763 eq Lappish. eq Lapp. eq (Northern) Saami.
764 {sma} : Southern Sami
766 {smn} : Inari Sami
767 {smj} : Lule Sami
768 {sms} : Skolt Sami
769 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)]
770 {sm} : Samoan
771 {sad} : Sandawe
772 {sg} : Sango
773 {sa} : Sanskrit
774 (Historical)
775 {sat} : Santali
777 {sc} : Sardinian
778 eq Sard.
779 {sas} : Sasak
781 {sco} : Scots
782 NOT Scots Gaelic!
783 {sel} : Selkup
785 [{sem} : Semitic (Other)]
786 {sr} : Serbian
787 eq Serb. NOT Sorbian.
788 Notable forms: {sr-Cyrl} : Serbian in Cyrillic script; {sr-Latn} :
790 Serbian in Latin script.
791 {srr} : Serer
793 {shn} : Shan
794 {sn} : Shona
795 {sid} : Sidamo
796 {sgn-...} : Sign Languages
797 Always use with a subtag. Notable forms: {sgn-gb} British Sign
798 Language (BSL); {sgn-ie} Irish Sign Language (ESL); {sgn-ni}
799 Nicaraguan Sign Language (ISN); {sgn-us} American Sign Language
800 (ASL).
801 (And so on with other country codes as the subtag.)
803 {bla} : Siksika
805 eq Blackfoot. eq Pikanii.
806 {sd} : Sindhi
808 {si} : Sinhalese
809 eq Sinhala.
810 [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)]
812 [{sio} : Siouan languages]
813 {den} : Slave (Athapascan)
814 ("Slavey" is a subform.)
815 [{sla} : Slavic (Other)]
817 {sk} : Slovak
818 eq Slovakian.
819 {sl} : Slovenian
821 eq Slovene.
822 {sog} : Sogdian
824 {so} : Somali
825 {son} : Songhai
826 {snk} : Soninke
827 {wen} : Sorbian languages
828 eq Wendish. eq Sorb. eq Lusatian. eq Wend. NOT Venda! NOT
829 Serbian!
830 {nso} : Northern Sotho
832 {st} : Southern Sotho
833 eq Sutu. eq Sesotho.
834 [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)]
836 {es} : Spanish
837 Notable forms: {es-ar} Argentine Spanish; {es-bo} Bolivian Spanish;
838 {es-cl} Chilean Spanish; {es-co} Colombian Spanish; {es-do}
839 Dominican Spanish; {es-ec} Ecuadorian Spanish; {es-es} Spain
840 Spanish; {es-gt} Guatemalan Spanish; {es-hn} Honduran Spanish;
841 {es-mx} Mexican Spanish; {es-pa} Panamanian Spanish; {es-pe}
842 Peruvian Spanish; {es-pr} Puerto Rican Spanish; {es-py} Paraguay
843 Spanish; {es-sv} Salvadoran Spanish; {es-us} US Spanish; {es-uy}
844 Uruguayan Spanish; {es-ve} Venezuelan Spanish.
845 {suk} : Sukuma
847 {sux} : Sumerian
848 (Historical)
849 {su} : Sundanese
851 {sus} : Susu
852 {sw} : Swahili
853 eq Kiswahili
854 {ss} : Swati
856 {sv} : Swedish
857 Notable forms: {sv-se} Sweden Swedish; {sv-fi} Finland Swedish.
858 {syr} : Syriac
860 {tl} : Tagalog
861 {ty} : Tahitian
862 [{tai} : Tai (Other)]
863 NOT Thai!
864 {tg} : Tajik
866 {tmh} : Tamashek
867 {ta} : Tamil
868 {i-tao} : Tao
869 eq Yami.
870 {tt} : Tatar
872 {i-tay} : Tayal
873 eq Atayal. eq Atayan.
874 {te} : Telugu
876 {ter} : Tereno
877 {tet} : Tetum
878 {th} : Thai
879 NOT Tai!
880 {bo} : Tibetan
882 {tig} : Tigre
883 {ti} : Tigrinya
884 {tem} : Timne
885 eq Themne. eq Timene.
886 {tiv} : Tiv
888 {tli} : Tlingit
889 {tpi} : Tok Pisin
890 {tkl} : Tokelau
891 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa)
892 NOT Tsonga!
893 {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands)
895 (Pronounced "Tong-a", not "Tong-ga")
896 NOT Tsonga!
898 {tsi} : Tsimshian
900 eq Sm'algyax
901 {ts} : Tsonga
903 NOT Tonga!
904 {i-tsu} : Tsou
906 {tn} : Tswana
907 Same as Setswana.
908 {tum} : Tumbuka
910 [{tup} : Tupi languages]
911 {tr} : Turkish
912 (Typically in Roman script)
913 {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)
915 (Typically in Arabic script) (Historical)
916 {crh} : Crimean Turkish
918 eq Crimean Tatar
919 {tk} : Turkmen
921 eq Turkmeni.
922 {tvl} : Tuvalu
924 {tyv} : Tuvinian
925 eq Tuvan. eq Tuvin.
926 {tw} : Twi
928 {udm} : Udmurt
929 {uga} : Ugaritic
930 NOT Ugric!
931 {ug} : Uighur
933 {uk} : Ukrainian
934 {umb} : Umbundu
935 {und} : Undetermined
936 Not a tag for normal use.
937 {ur} : Urdu
939 {uz} : Uzbek
940 eq Oezbek
941 Notable forms: {uz-Cyrl} Uzbek in Cyrillic script; {uz-Latn} Uzbek
943 in Latin script.
944 {vai} : Vai
946 {ve} : Venda
947 NOT Wendish! NOT Wend! NOT Avestan! (Formerly "ven".)
948 {vi} : Vietnamese
950 eq Viet.
951 {vo} : Volapuk
953 eq Volapuek. (Artificial)
954 {vot} : Votic
956 eq Votian. eq Vod.
957 [{wak} : Wakashan languages]
959 {wa} : Walloon
960 {wal} : Walamo
961 eq Wolaytta.
962 {war} : Waray
964 Presumably the Philippine language Waray-Waray (Samaren~o), not the
965 smaller Philippine language Waray Sorsogon, nor the extinct
966 Australian language Waray.
967 {was} : Washo
969 eq Washoe
970 {cy} : Welsh
972 {wo} : Wolof
973 {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use)
974 "x-" is a prefix for language tags that are not registered with ISO
975 or IANA. Example, x-double-dutch
976 {xh} : Xhosa
978 {sah} : Yakut
979 {yao} : Yao
980 (The Yao in Malawi?)
981 {yap} : Yapese
983 eq Yap
984 {ii} : Sichuan Yi
986 {yi} : Yiddish
987 Formerly "ji". Usually in Hebrew script.
988 Notable forms: {yi-latn} Yiddish in Latin script
990 {yo} : Yoruba
992 [{ypk} : Yupik languages]
993 Several "Eskimo" languages.
994 {znd} : Zande
996 [{zap} : Zapotec]
997 (A group of languages.)
998 {zen} : Zenaga
1000 NOT Zend.
1001 {za} : Zhuang
1003 {zu} : Zulu
1004 {zun} : Zuni
1005 eq Zun~i
1006
1008 I18N::LangTags and its "See Also" section.
1009
1011 Copyright (c) 2001+ Sean M. Burke. All rights reserved.
1012 You can redistribute and/or modify this document under the same terms
1014 as Perl itself.
1015 This document is provided in the hope that it will be useful, but
1017 without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of accuracy,
1018 authoritativeness, completeness, merchantability, or fitness for a
1019 particular purpose.
1020 Email any corrections or questions to me.
1022
1024 Sean M. Burke, sburke@cpan.org
1025perl v5.32.1 2021-05-31 I18N::LangTags::List(3pm)