1Rsync(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Rsync(3)
2
6 File::Rsync - perl module interface to rsync(1)
7 http://rsync.samba.org/rsync/
8
10 use File::Rsync;
11 $obj = File::Rsync->new(
13 archive => 1,
14 compress => 1,
15 rsh => '/usr/local/bin/ssh',
16 'rsync-path' => '/usr/local/bin/rsync'
17 );
18 $obj->exec( src => 'localdir', dest => 'rhost:remotedir' )
20 or warn "rsync failed\n";
21
23 Perl Convenience wrapper for the rsync(1) program. Written for
24 rsync-2.3.2 and updated for rsync-3.1.1 but should perform properly
25 with most recent versions.
26 File::Rsync::new
28 $obj = new File::Rsync;
29 or
31 $obj = File::Rsync->new;
33 or
35 $obj = File::Rsync->new(@options);
37 Create a File::Rsync object. Any options passed at creation are stored
39 in the object as defaults for all future exec calls on that object.
40 Options may be passed in the style of a hash (key/value pairs) and are
41 the same as the long options in rsync(1) without the leading double-
42 hyphen. Any leading single or double-hyphens are removed, and you may
43 use underscore in place of hyphens in option names to simplify quoting
44 and avoid possible equation parsing (subtraction).
45 Although options are key/value pairs, as of version 0.46 the order is
47 now preserved. Passing a hash reference is still supported for
48 backwards compatibility, but is deprecated as order cannot be preserved
49 for this case.
50 An additional option of path-to-rsync also exists which can be used to
52 override the using PATH environemt variable to find the rsync command
53 binary, and moddebug which causes the module methods to print some
54 debugging information to STDERR.
55 There are also 2 options to wrap the source and/or destination paths in
57 double-quotes: these are quote-src and quote-dst, which may be useful
58 in protecting the paths from shell expansion (particularly useful for
59 paths containing spaces). This wraps all source and/or destination
60 paths in double-quotes to limit remote shell expansion. It is similar
61 but not necessarily the same result as the protect-args option in rsync
62 itself.
63 The outfun and errfun options take a function reference, called once
65 for each line of output from the rsync program with the output line
66 passed in as the first argument, the second arg is either 'out' or
67 'err' depending on the source. This makes it possible to use the same
68 function for both and still determine where the output came from.
69 If options are passed as a hash reference (deprecated), the exclude
71 needs an array reference as it's value since there cannot be duplicate
72 keys in a hash. Since order cannot be preserved in a hash, this module
73 currently limits the use of exclude or include together. They can be
74 mixed together if options are in the form of a list or array ref.
75 Use the '+ ' or '- ' prefix trick to put includes in an exclude array,
77 or to put excludes in an include array (see rsync(1) for details).
78 Include/exclude options form an ordered list. The order must be
80 retained for proper execution. There are also source and dest keys.
81 The key src is also accepted as an equivalent to source, and dst or
82 destination may be used as equivalents to dest. The source option may
83 take a scalar or an array reference. If the source is the local system
84 then multiple source paths are allowed. In this case an array
85 reference should be used. There is also a method for passing multiple
86 source paths to a remote system. This method may be triggered in this
87 module by passing the remote hostname to the srchost key and passing an
88 array reference to the source key. If the source host is being
89 accessed via an Rsync server, the remote hostname should have a single
90 trailing colon on the name. When rsync is called, the srchost value
91 and the values in the source array will be joined with a colon
92 resulting in the double-colon required for server access. The dest key
93 only takes a scalar since rsync only accepts a single destination path.
94 Version 2.6.0 of rsync(1) provides a new files-from option along with a
96 few other supporting options (from0, no-relative, and no-implied-dirs).
97 To support this wonderful new option at the level it deserves, this
98 module now has an additional parameter. As of version 0.46 the value
99 of files-from may be an array reference. The contents of the array are
100 passed to files-from the same as the below method using infun but
101 implemented inside the module.
102 If files-from is set to '-' (meaning read from stdin) you can define
104 infun to be a reference to a function that prints your file list to the
105 default file handle. The output from the function is attached to stdin
106 of the rsync call during exec. If infun is defined it will be called
107 regardless of the value of files-from, so it can provide any data
108 expected on stdin, but keep in mind that stdin will not be attached to
109 a tty so it is not very useful for sending passwords (see the rsync(1)
110 and ssh(1) man pages for ways to handle authentication). The rsync(1)
111 man page has a more complete description of files-from. Also see
112 File::Find for ideas to use with files-from and infun.
113 The infun option may also be used with the include-from or exclude-from
115 options, but this is generally more clumsy than using the include or
116 exclude arrays.
117 Version 2.6.3 of rsync(1) provides new options partial-dir, checksum-
119 seed, keep-dirlinks, inplace, ipv4, and ipv6. Version 2.6.4 of
120 rsync(1) provides new options del, delete-before delete-during, delay-
121 updates, dirs, filter, fuzzy, itemize-changes, list-only, omit-dir-
122 times, remove-sent-files, max-size, and protocol.
123 Version 0.38 of this module also added support for the acls option that
125 is not part of rsync(1) unless the patch has been applied, but people
126 do use it. It also includes a new literal option that takes an array
127 reference similar to include, exclude, and filter. Any arguments in
128 the array are passed as literal arguments to rsync, and are passed
129 first. They should have the proper single or double hyphen prefixes
130 and the elements should be split up the way you want them passed to
131 exec. The purpose of this option is to allow the use of arbitrary
132 options added by patches, and/or to allow the use of new options in
133 rsync without needing an imediate update to the module in addtition to
134 rsync(1) itself.
135 File::Rsync::defopts
137 $obj->defopts(@options);
138 or
140 $obj->defopts(\@options);
142 Set default options for future exec calls for the object. See rsync(1)
144 for a complete list of valid options. This is really the internal
145 method that new calls but you can use it too. The verbose and quiet
146 options to rsync are actually counters. When assigning the perl hash-
147 style options you may specify the counter value directly and the module
148 will pass the proper number of options to rsync.
149 File::Rsync::getcmd
151 my $cmd = $obj->getcmd(@options);
152 or
154 my $cmd = $obj->getcmd(\@options);
156 or
158 my ($cmd, $infun, $outfun, $errfun, $debug) = $obj->getcmd(\@options);
160 getcmd returns a reference to an array containing the real rsync
162 command that would be called if the exec function were called. The
163 last example above includes a reference to the optional stdin function,
164 stdout function, stderr function, and the debug setting. This is the
165 form used by the exec method to get the extra parameters it needs to do
166 its job. The function is exposed to allow a user-defined exec function
167 to be used, or for debugging purposes.
168 File::Rsync::exec
170 $obj->exec(@options) or warn "rsync failed\n";
171 or
173 $obj->exec(\@options) or warn "rsync failed\n";
175 This is the method that does the real work. Any options passed to this
177 routine are appended to any pre-set options and are not saved. They
178 effect the current execution of rsync only. In the case of conflicts,
179 the options passed directly to exec take precedence. It returns 1 if
180 the return status was zero (or true), if the rsync return status was
181 non-zero it returns 0 and stores the return status. You can examine
182 the return status from rsync and any output to stdout and stderr with
183 the methods listed below.
184 File::Rsync::list
186 $out = $obj->list(@options);
187 or
189 $out = $obj->list(\@options);
191 or
193 @out = $obj->list(\@options);
195 This is a wrapper for exec called without a destination to get a
197 listing. It returns the output of stdout like the out function below.
198 When no destination is given rsync returns the equivalent of 'ls -l' or
199 'ls -lr' modified by any include/exclude/filter parameters you specify.
200 This is useful for manual comparison without actual changes to the
201 destination or for comparing against another listing taken at a
202 different point in time.
203 (As of rsync version 2.6.4-pre1 this can also be accomplished with the
205 'list-only' option regardless of whether a destination is given.)
206 File::Rsync::status
208 $rval = $obj->status;
209 Returns the status from last exec call right shifted 8 bits.
211 File::Rsync::realstatus
213 $rval = $obj->realstatus;
214 Returns the real status from last exec call (not right shifted).
216 File::Rsync::err
218 $aref = $obj->err;
219 In scalar context this method will return a reference to an array
221 containing all output to stderr from the last exec call, or zero
222 (false) if there was no output. In an array context it will return an
223 array of all output to stderr or an empty list. The scalar context can
224 be used to efficiently test for the existance of output. rsync sends
225 all messages from the remote rsync process and any error messages to
226 stderr. This method's purpose is to make it easier for you to parse
227 that output for appropriate information.
228 File::Rsync::out
230 $aref = $obj->out;
231 Similar to the err method, in a scalar context it returns a reference
233 to an array containing all output to stdout from the last exec call, or
234 zero (false) if there was no output. In an array context it returns an
235 array of all output to stdout or an empty list. rsync sends all
236 informational messages (verbose option) from the local rsync process to
237 stdout.
238 File::Rsync::lastcmd
240 $aref = $obj->lastcmd;
241 Returns the actual system command used by the last exec call, or ''
243 before any calls to exec for the object. This can be useful in the
244 case of an error condition to give a more informative message or for
245 debugging purposes. In an array context it return an array of args as
246 passed to the system, in a scalar context it returns a space-seperated
247 string. See getcmd for access to the command before execution.
248
250 Lee Eakin <leakin@dfw.nostrum.com>
251
253 The following people have contributed ideas, bug fixes, code or helped
254 out by reporting or tracking down bugs in order to improve this module
255 since it's initial release. See the Changelog for details:
256 Greg Ward
258 Boris Goldowsky
260 James Mello
262 Andreas Koenig
264 Joe Smith
266 Jonathan Pelletier
268 Heiko Jansen
270 Tong Zhu
272 Paul Egan
274 Ronald J Kimball
276 James CE Johnson
278 Bill Uhl
280 Peter teStrake
282 Harald Flaucher
284 Simon Myers
286 Gavin Carr
288 Petya Kohts
290 Neil Hooey
292 Erez Schatz
294 Max Maischein
296
298 Gerard Hickey "PGP::Pipe"
299 Russ Allbery "PGP::Sign"
301 Graham Barr "Net::*"
303 Andrew Tridgell and Paul Mackerras rsync(1)
305 John Steele <steele@nostrum.com>
307 Philip Kizer <pckizer@nostrum.com>
309 Larry Wall perl(1)
311 I borrowed many clues on wrapping an external program from the PGP
313 modules, and I would not have had such a useful tool to wrap except for
314 the great work of the rsync authors. Thanks also to Graham Barr, the
315 author of the libnet modules and many others, for looking over this
316 code. Of course I must mention the other half of my brain, John
317 Steele, and his good friend Philip Kizer for finding rsync and bringing
318 it to my attention. And I would not have been able to enjoy writing
319 useful tools if not for the creator of the perl language.
320
322 Copyright (c) 1999-2015 Lee Eakin. All rights reserved.
323 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
325 it under the same terms as Perl itself.
326perl v5.34.0 2021-07-22 Rsync(3)