1PERLHPUX(1)            Perl Programmers Reference Guide            PERLHPUX(1)
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NAME

6       perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems
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DESCRIPTION

9       This document describes various features of HP's Unix operating system
10       (HP-UX) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl) is
11       compiled and/or runs.
12
13   Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
14       Application release September 2001, HP-UX 11.00 is the first to ship
15       with Perl. By the time it was perl-5.6.1 in /opt/perl. The first
16       occurrence is on CD 5012-7954 and can be installed using
17
18         swinstall -s /cdrom perl
19
20       assuming you have mounted that CD on /cdrom.
21
22       That build was a portable hppa-1.1 multithread build that supports
23       large files compiled with gcc-2.9-hppa-991112.
24
25       If you perform a new installation, then (a newer) Perl will be
26       installed automatically.  Pre-installed HP-UX systems now have more
27       recent versions of Perl and the updated modules.
28
29       The official (threaded) builds from HP, as they are shipped on the
30       Application DVD/CD's are available on
31       <http://www.software.hp.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=PERL>
32       for both PA-RISC and IPF (Itanium Processor Family). They are built
33       with the HP ANSI-C compiler. Up till 5.8.8 that was done by
34       ActiveState.
35
36       To see what version is included on the DVD (assumed here to be mounted
37       on /cdrom), issue this command:
38
39         # swlist -s /cdrom perl
40         # perl           D.5.8.8.B  5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
41           perl.Perl5-32  D.5.8.8.B  32-bit 5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
42                                                  with Extensions
43           perl.Perl5-64  D.5.8.8.B  64-bit 5.8.8 Perl Programming Language
44                                                  with Extensions
45
46       To see what is installed on your system:
47
48         # swlist -R perl
49         # perl                    E.5.8.8.J  Perl Programming Language
50         # perl.Perl5-32           E.5.8.8.J  32-bit Perl Programming Language
51                                              with Extensions
52           perl.Perl5-32.PERL-MAN  E.5.8.8.J  32-bit Perl Man Pages for IA
53           perl.Perl5-32.PERL-RUN  E.5.8.8.J  32-bit Perl Binaries for IA
54         # perl.Perl5-64           E.5.8.8.J  64-bit Perl Programming Language
55                                              with Extensions
56           perl.Perl5-64.PERL-MAN  E.5.8.8.J  64-bit Perl Man Pages for IA
57           perl.Perl5-64.PERL-RUN  E.5.8.8.J  64-bit Perl Binaries for IA
58
59   Using perl from HP's porting centre
60       HP porting centre tries to keep up with customer demand and release
61       updates from the Open Source community. Having precompiled Perl
62       binaries available is obvious, though "up-to-date" is something
63       relative. At the moment of writing perl-5.10.1 and 5.28.0 were
64       available.
65
66       The HP porting centres are limited in what systems they are allowed to
67       port to and they usually choose the two most recent OS versions
68       available.
69
70       HP has asked the porting centre to move Open Source binaries from /opt
71       to /usr/local, so binaries produced since the start of July 2002 are
72       located in /usr/local.
73
74       One of HP porting centres URL's is <http://hpux.connect.org.uk/> The
75       port currently available is built with GNU gcc. As porting modern GNU
76       gcc is extremely hard on HP-UX, they are stuck at version gcc-4.2.3.
77
78   Other prebuilt perl binaries
79       To get more perl depots for the whole range of HP-UX, visit H.Merijn
80       Brand's site at <http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/#Perl>.  Carefully
81       read the notes to see if the available versions suit your needs.
82
83   Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
84       When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler.  The C compiler
85       that ships with all HP-UX systems is a K&R compiler that should only be
86       used to build new kernels.
87
88       Perl can be compiled with either HP's ANSI C compiler or with gcc.  The
89       former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no
90       difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that
91       require the use of HP compiler-specific command-line flags.
92
93       If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and
94       complete, and be sure to read the Perl INSTALL file for more gcc-
95       specific details.
96
97   PA-RISC
98       The last and final version of PA-RISC is 2.0, HP no longer sells any
99       system with these CPU's.
100
101       HP's HP9000 Unix systems run on HP's own Precision Architecture (PA-
102       RISC) chip.  HP-UX used to run on the Motorola MC68000 family of chips,
103       but any machine with this chip in it is quite obsolete and this
104       document will not attempt to address issues for compiling Perl on the
105       Motorola chipset. Even though PA-RISC hardware is not sold anymore, a
106       lot of machines still running on these CPU's can be found in the wild.
107
108       The last order date for HP 9000 systems was December 31, 2008.
109
110       HP PA-RISC systems are usually referred to with model description "HP
111       9000".  The last CPU in this series is the PA-8900.  Support for PA-
112       RISC architectured machines officially ended as shown in the following
113       table:
114
115          PA-RISC End-of-Life Roadmap
116        +--------+----------------+----------------+-----------------+
117        | HP9000 | Superdome      | PA-8700        | Spring 2011     |
118        | 4-128  |                | PA-8800/sx1000 | Summer 2012     |
119        | cores  |                | PA-8900/sx1000 | 2014            |
120        |        |                | PA-8900/sx2000 | 2015            |
121        +--------+----------------+----------------+-----------------+
122        | HP9000 | rp7410, rp8400 | PA-8700        | Spring 2011     |
123        | 2-32   | rp7420, rp8420 | PA-8800/sx1000 | 2012            |
124        | cores  | rp7440, rp8440 | PA-8900/sx1000 | Autumn 2013     |
125        |        |                | PA-8900/sx2000 | 2015            |
126        +--------+----------------+----------------+-----------------+
127        | HP9000 | rp44x0         | PA-8700        | Spring 2011     |
128        | 1-8    |                | PA-8800/rp44x0 | 2012            |
129        | cores  |                | PA-8900/rp44x0 | 2014            |
130        +--------+----------------+----------------+-----------------+
131        | HP9000 | rp34x0         | PA-8700        | Spring 2011     |
132        | 1-4    |                | PA-8800/rp34x0 | 2012            |
133        | cores  |                | PA-8900/rp34x0 | 2014            |
134        +--------+----------------+----------------+-----------------+
135
136       A complete list of models at the time the OS was built is in the file
137       /usr/sam/lib/mo/sched.models. The first column corresponds to the last
138       part of the output of the "model" command.  The second column is the
139       PA-RISC version and the third column is the exact chip type used.
140       (Start browsing at the bottom to prevent confusion ;-)
141
142         # model
143         9000/800/L1000-44
144         # grep L1000-44 /usr/sam/lib/mo/sched.models
145         L1000-44        2.0     PA8500
146
147   PA-RISC 1.0
148       The original version of PA-RISC, HP no longer sells any system with
149       this chip.
150
151       The following systems contained PA-RISC 1.0 chips:
152
153         600, 635, 645, 808, 815, 822, 825, 832, 834, 835, 840, 842, 845, 850,
154         852, 855, 860, 865, 870, 890
155
156   PA-RISC 1.1
157       An upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it shipped for many years in many
158       different system.
159
160       The following systems contain with PA-RISC 1.1 chips:
161
162         705, 710, 712, 715, 720, 722, 725, 728, 730, 735, 742, 743, 744, 745,
163         747, 750, 755, 770, 777, 778, 779, 800, 801, 803, 806, 807, 809, 811,
164         813, 816, 817, 819, 821, 826, 827, 829, 831, 837, 839, 841, 847, 849,
165         851, 856, 857, 859, 867, 869, 877, 887, 891, 892, 897, A180, A180C,
166         B115, B120, B132L, B132L+, B160L, B180L, C100, C110, C115, C120,
167         C160L, D200, D210, D220, D230, D250, D260, D310, D320, D330, D350,
168         D360, D410, DX0, DX5, DXO, E25, E35, E45, E55, F10, F20, F30, G30,
169         G40, G50, G60, G70, H20, H30, H40, H50, H60, H70, I30, I40, I50, I60,
170         I70, J200, J210, J210XC, K100, K200, K210, K220, K230, K400, K410,
171         K420, S700i, S715, S744, S760, T500, T520
172
173   PA-RISC 2.0
174       The most recent upgrade to the PA-RISC design, it added support for
175       64-bit integer data.
176
177       As of the date of this document's last update, the following systems
178       contain PA-RISC 2.0 chips:
179
180         700, 780, 781, 782, 783, 785, 802, 804, 810, 820, 861, 871, 879, 889,
181         893, 895, 896, 898, 899, A400, A500, B1000, B2000, C130, C140, C160,
182         C180, C180+, C180-XP, C200+, C400+, C3000, C360, C3600, CB260, D270,
183         D280, D370, D380, D390, D650, J220, J2240, J280, J282, J400, J410,
184         J5000, J5500XM, J5600, J7000, J7600, K250, K260, K260-EG, K270, K360,
185         K370, K380, K450, K460, K460-EG, K460-XP, K470, K570, K580, L1000,
186         L2000, L3000, N4000, R380, R390, SD16000, SD32000, SD64000, T540,
187         T600, V2000, V2200, V2250, V2500, V2600
188
189       Just before HP took over Compaq, some systems were renamed. the link
190       that contained the explanation is dead, so here's a short summary:
191
192         HP 9000 A-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp2400 series.
193         HP 9000 L-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp5400 series.
194         HP 9000 N-Class servers, now renamed HP Server rp7400.
195
196         rp2400, rp2405, rp2430, rp2450, rp2470, rp3410, rp3440, rp4410,
197         rp4440, rp5400, rp5405, rp5430, rp5450, rp5470, rp7400, rp7405,
198         rp7410, rp7420, rp7440, rp8400, rp8420, rp8440, Superdome
199
200       The current naming convention is:
201
202         aadddd
203         ||||`+- 00 - 99 relative capacity & newness (upgrades, etc.)
204         |||`--- unique number for each architecture to ensure different
205         |||     systems do not have the same numbering across
206         |||     architectures
207         ||`---- 1 - 9 identifies family and/or relative positioning
208         ||
209         |`----- c = ia32 (cisc)
210         |       p = pa-risc
211         |       x = ia-64 (Itanium & Itanium 2)
212         |       h = housing
213         `------ t = tower
214                 r = rack optimized
215                 s = super scalable
216                 b = blade
217                 sa = appliance
218
219   Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
220       An executable compiled on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform will not execute on a
221       PA-RISC 1.1 platform, even if they are running the same version of HP-
222       UX.  If you are building Perl on a PA-RISC 2.0 platform and want that
223       Perl to also run on a PA-RISC 1.1, the compiler flags +DAportable and
224       +DS32 should be used.
225
226       It is no longer possible to compile PA-RISC 1.0 executables on either
227       the PA-RISC 1.1 or 2.0 platforms.  The command-line flags are accepted,
228       but the resulting executable will not run when transferred to a PA-RISC
229       1.0 system.
230
231   Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
232       HP-UX also runs on the newer Itanium processor.  This requires the use
233       of HP-UX version 11.23 (11i v2) or 11.31 (11i v3), and with the
234       exception of a few differences detailed below and in later sections,
235       Perl should compile with no problems.
236
237       Although PA-RISC binaries can run on Itanium systems, you should not
238       attempt to use a PA-RISC version of Perl on an Itanium system.  This is
239       because shared libraries created on an Itanium system cannot be loaded
240       while running a PA-RISC executable.
241
242       HP Itanium 2 systems are usually referred to with model description "HP
243       Integrity".
244
245   Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
246       HP also ships servers with the 128-bit Itanium processor(s). The cx26x0
247       is told to have Madison 6. As of the date of this document's last
248       update, the following systems contain Itanium or Itanium 2 chips (this
249       is likely to be out of date):
250
251         BL60p, BL860c, BL870c, BL890c, cx2600, cx2620, rx1600, rx1620, rx2600,
252         rx2600hptc, rx2620, rx2660, rx2800, rx3600, rx4610, rx4640, rx5670,
253         rx6600, rx7420, rx7620, rx7640, rx8420, rx8620, rx8640, rx9610,
254         sx1000, sx2000
255
256       To see all about your machine, type
257
258         # model
259         ia64 hp server rx2600
260         # /usr/contrib/bin/machinfo
261
262   HP-UX versions
263       Not all architectures (PA = PA-RISC, IPF = Itanium Processor Family)
264       support all versions of HP-UX, here is a short list
265
266         HP-UX version  Kernel  Architecture End-of-factory support
267         -------------  ------  ------------ ----------------------------------
268         10.20          32 bit  PA           30-Jun-2003
269         11.00          32/64   PA           31-Dec-2006
270         11.11  11i v1  32/64   PA           31-Dec-2015
271         11.22  11i v2     64        IPF     30-Apr-2004
272         11.23  11i v2     64   PA & IPF     31-Dec-2015
273         11.31  11i v3     64   PA & IPF     31-Dec-2020 (PA) 31-Dec-2025 (IPF)
274
275       See for the full list of hardware/OS support and expected end-of-life
276       <https://h20195.www2.hpe.com/V2/getpdf.aspx/4AA4-7673ENW.pdf>
277
278   Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
279       HP-UX supports dynamically loadable libraries (shared libraries).
280       Shared libraries end with the suffix .sl.  On Itanium systems, they end
281       with the suffix .so.
282
283       Shared libraries created on a platform using a particular PA-RISC
284       version are not usable on platforms using an earlier PA-RISC version by
285       default.  However, this backwards compatibility may be enabled using
286       the same +DAportable compiler flag (with the same PA-RISC 1.0 caveat
287       mentioned above).
288
289       Shared libraries created on an Itanium platform cannot be loaded on a
290       PA-RISC platform.  Shared libraries created on a PA-RISC platform can
291       only be loaded on an Itanium platform if it is a PA-RISC executable
292       that is attempting to load the PA-RISC library.  A PA-RISC shared
293       library cannot be loaded into an Itanium executable nor vice-versa.
294
295       To create a shared library, the following steps must be performed:
296
297         1. Compile source modules with +z or +Z flag to create a .o module
298            which contains Position-Independent Code (PIC).  The linker will
299            tell you in the next step if +Z was needed.
300            (For gcc, the appropriate flag is -fpic or -fPIC.)
301
302         2. Link the shared library using the -b flag.  If the code calls
303            any functions in other system libraries (e.g., libm), it must
304            be included on this line.
305
306       (Note that these steps are usually handled automatically by the
307       extension's Makefile).
308
309       If these dependent libraries are not listed at shared library creation
310       time, you will get fatal "Unresolved symbol" errors at run time when
311       the library is loaded.
312
313       You may create a shared library that refers to another library, which
314       may be either an archive library or a shared library.  If this second
315       library is a shared library, this is called a "dependent library".  The
316       dependent library's name is recorded in the main shared library, but it
317       is not linked into the shared library.  Instead, it is loaded when the
318       main shared library is loaded.  This can cause problems if you build an
319       extension on one system and move it to another system where the
320       libraries may not be located in the same place as on the first system.
321
322       If the referred library is an archive library, then it is treated as a
323       simple collection of .o modules (all of which must contain PIC).  These
324       modules are then linked into the shared library.
325
326       Note that it is okay to create a library which contains a dependent
327       library that is already linked into perl.
328
329       Some extensions, like DB_File and Compress::Zlib use/require prebuilt
330       libraries for the perl extensions/modules to work. If these libraries
331       are built using the default configuration, it might happen that you run
332       into an error like "invalid loader fixup" during load phase.  HP is
333       aware of this problem.  Search the HP-UX cxx-dev forums for discussions
334       about the subject.  The short answer is that everything (all libraries,
335       everything) must be compiled with "+z" or "+Z" to be PIC (position
336       independent code).  (For gcc, that would be "-fpic" or "-fPIC").  In
337       HP-UX 11.00 or newer the linker error message should tell the name of
338       the offending object file.
339
340       A more general approach is to intervene manually, as with an example
341       for the DB_File module, which requires SleepyCat's libdb.sl:
342
343         # cd .../db-3.2.9/build_unix
344         # vi Makefile
345         ... add +Z to all cflags to create shared objects
346         CFLAGS=         -c $(CPPFLAGS) +Z -Ae +O2 +Onolimit \
347                         -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include/X11R6
348         CXXFLAGS=       -c $(CPPFLAGS) +Z -Ae +O2 +Onolimit \
349                         -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include/X11R6
350
351         # make clean
352         # make
353         # mkdir tmp
354         # cd tmp
355         # ar x ../libdb.a
356         # ld -b -o libdb-3.2.sl *.o
357         # mv libdb-3.2.sl /usr/local/lib
358         # rm *.o
359         # cd /usr/local/lib
360         # rm -f libdb.sl
361         # ln -s libdb-3.2.sl libdb.sl
362
363         # cd .../DB_File-1.76
364         # make distclean
365         # perl Makefile.PL
366         # make
367         # make test
368         # make install
369
370       As of db-4.2.x it is no longer needed to do this by hand. Sleepycat has
371       changed the configuration process to add +z on HP-UX automatically.
372
373         # cd .../db-4.2.25/build_unix
374         # env CFLAGS=+DD64 LDFLAGS=+DD64 ../dist/configure
375
376       should work to generate 64bit shared libraries for HP-UX 11.00 and 11i.
377
378       It is no longer possible to link PA-RISC 1.0 shared libraries (even
379       though the command-line flags are still present).
380
381       PA-RISC and Itanium object files are not interchangeable.  Although you
382       may be able to use ar to create an archive library of PA-RISC object
383       files on an Itanium system, you cannot link against it using an Itanium
384       link editor.
385
386   The HP ANSI C Compiler
387       When using this compiler to build Perl, you should make sure that the
388       flag -Aa is added to the cpprun and cppstdin variables in the config.sh
389       file (though see the section on 64-bit perl below). If you are using a
390       recent version of the Perl distribution, these flags are set
391       automatically.
392
393       Even though HP-UX 10.20 and 11.00 are not actively maintained by HP
394       anymore, updates for the HP ANSI C compiler are still available from
395       time to time, and it might be advisable to see if updates are
396       applicable.  At the moment of writing, the latests available patches
397       for 11.00 that should be applied are PHSS_35098, PHSS_35175,
398       PHSS_35100, PHSS_33036, and PHSS_33902). If you have a SUM account, you
399       can use it to search for updates/patches. Enter "ANSI" as keyword.
400
401   The GNU C Compiler
402       When you are going to use the GNU C compiler (gcc), and you don't have
403       gcc yet, you can either build it yourself (if you feel masochistic
404       enough) from the sources (available from e.g.
405       <http://gcc.gnu.org/mirrors.html>) or fetch a prebuilt binary from the
406       HP porting center at
407       <http://hpux.connect.org.uk/hppd/cgi-bin/search?term=gcc&Search=Search>
408       or from the DSPP (you need to be a member) at
409       <http://h21007.www2.hp.com/portal/site/dspp/menuitem.863c3e4cbcdc3f3515b49c108973a801?ciid=2a08725cc2f02110725cc2f02110275d6e10RCRD&jumpid=reg_r1002_usen_c-001_title_r0001>
410       (Browse through the list, because there are often multiple versions of
411       the same package available).
412
413       Most mentioned distributions are depots. H.Merijn Brand has made
414       prebuilt gcc binaries available on
415       <http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/> and/or
416       <http://www.cmve.net/~merijn/> for HP-UX 10.20 (only 32bit), HP-UX
417       11.00, HP-UX 11.11 (HP-UX 11i v1), and HP-UX 11.23 (HP-UX 11i v2 PA-
418       RISC) in both 32- and 64-bit versions. For HP-UX 11.23 IPF and HP-UX
419       11.31 IPF depots are available too. The IPF versions do not need two
420       versions of GNU gcc.
421
422       On PA-RISC you need a different compiler for 32-bit applications and
423       for 64-bit applications. On PA-RISC, 32-bit objects and 64-bit objects
424       do not mix. Period. There is no different behaviour for HP C-ANSI-C or
425       GNU gcc. So if you require your perl binary to use 64-bit libraries,
426       like Oracle-64bit, you MUST build a 64-bit perl.
427
428       Building a 64-bit capable gcc on PA-RISC from source is possible only
429       when you have the HP C-ANSI C compiler or an already working 64-bit
430       binary of gcc available. Best performance for perl is achieved with
431       HP's native compiler.
432
433   Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
434       Beginning with HP-UX version 10.20, files larger than 2GB (2^31 bytes)
435       may be created and manipulated.  Three separate methods of doing this
436       are available.  Of these methods, the best method for Perl is to
437       compile using the -Duselargefiles flag to Configure.  This causes Perl
438       to be compiled using structures and functions in which these are 64
439       bits wide, rather than 32 bits wide.  (Note that this will only work
440       with HP's ANSI C compiler.  If you want to compile Perl using gcc, you
441       will have to get a version of the compiler that supports 64-bit
442       operations. See above for where to find it.)
443
444       There are some drawbacks to this approach.  One is that any extension
445       which calls any file-manipulating C function will need to be recompiled
446       (just follow the usual "perl Makefile.PL; make; make test; make
447       install" procedure).
448
449       The list of functions that will need to recompiled is:
450         creat,          fgetpos,        fopen,
451         freopen,        fsetpos,        fstat,
452         fstatvfs,       fstatvfsdev,    ftruncate,
453         ftw,            lockf,          lseek,
454         lstat,          mmap,           nftw,
455         open,           prealloc,       stat,
456         statvfs,        statvfsdev,     tmpfile,
457         truncate,       getrlimit,      setrlimit
458
459       Another drawback is only valid for Perl versions before 5.6.0.  This
460       drawback is that the seek and tell functions (both the builtin version
461       and POSIX module version) will not perform correctly.
462
463       It is strongly recommended that you use this flag when you run
464       Configure.  If you do not do this, but later answer the question about
465       large files when Configure asks you, you may get a configuration that
466       cannot be compiled, or that does not function as expected.
467
468   Threaded Perl on HP-UX
469       It is possible to compile a version of threaded Perl on any version of
470       HP-UX before 10.30, but it is strongly suggested that you be running on
471       HP-UX 11.00 at least.
472
473       To compile Perl with threads, add -Dusethreads to the arguments of
474       Configure.  Verify that the -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=199506L compiler flag is
475       automatically added to the list of flags.  Also make sure that
476       -lpthread is listed before -lc in the list of libraries to link Perl
477       with. The hints provided for HP-UX during Configure will try very hard
478       to get this right for you.
479
480       HP-UX versions before 10.30 require a separate installation of a POSIX
481       threads library package. Two examples are the HP DCE package, available
482       on "HP-UX Hardware Extensions 3.0, Install and Core OS, Release 10.20,
483       April 1999 (B3920-13941)" or the Freely available PTH package,
484       available on H.Merijn's site (<http://mirrors.develooper.com/hpux/>).
485       The use of PTH will be unsupported in perl-5.12 and up and is rather
486       buggy in 5.11.x.
487
488       If you are going to use the HP DCE package, the library used for
489       threading is /usr/lib/libcma.sl, but there have been multiple updates
490       of that library over time. Perl will build with the first version, but
491       it will not pass the test suite. Older Oracle versions might be a
492       compelling reason not to update that library, otherwise please find a
493       newer version in one of the following patches: PHSS_19739, PHSS_20608,
494       or PHSS_23672
495
496       reformatted output:
497
498         d3:/usr/lib 106 > what libcma-*.1
499         libcma-00000.1:
500            HP DCE/9000 1.5               Module: libcma.sl (Export)
501                                          Date: Apr 29 1996 22:11:24
502         libcma-19739.1:
503            HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_19739-40 Module: libcma.sl (Export)
504                                          Date: Sep  4 1999 01:59:07
505         libcma-20608.1:
506            HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_20608    Module: libcma.1 (Export)
507                                          Date: Dec  8 1999 18:41:23
508         libcma-23672.1:
509            HP DCE/9000 1.5 PHSS_23672    Module: libcma.1 (Export)
510                                          Date: Apr  9 2001 10:01:06
511         d3:/usr/lib 107 >
512
513       If you choose for the PTH package, use swinstall to install pth in the
514       default location (/opt/pth), and then make symbolic links to the
515       libraries from /usr/lib
516
517         # cd /usr/lib
518         # ln -s /opt/pth/lib/libpth* .
519
520       For building perl to support Oracle, it needs to be linked with libcl
521       and libpthread. So even if your perl is an unthreaded build, these
522       libraries might be required. See "Oracle on HP-UX" below.
523
524   64-bit Perl on HP-UX
525       Beginning with HP-UX 11.00, programs compiled under HP-UX can take
526       advantage of the LP64 programming environment (LP64 means Longs and
527       Pointers are 64 bits wide), in which scalar variables will be able to
528       hold numbers larger than 2^32 with complete precision.  Perl has proven
529       to be consistent and reliable in 64bit mode since 5.8.1 on all HP-UX
530       11.xx.
531
532       As of the date of this document, Perl is fully 64-bit compliant on HP-
533       UX 11.00 and up for both cc- and gcc builds. If you are about to build
534       a 64-bit perl with GNU gcc, please read the gcc section carefully.
535
536       Should a user have the need for compiling Perl in the LP64 environment,
537       use the -Duse64bitall flag to Configure.  This will force Perl to be
538       compiled in a pure LP64 environment (with the +DD64 flag for HP C-ANSI-
539       C, with no additional options for GNU gcc 64-bit on PA-RISC, and with
540       -mlp64 for GNU gcc on Itanium).  If you want to compile Perl using gcc,
541       you will have to get a version of the compiler that supports 64-bit
542       operations.)
543
544       You can also use the -Duse64bitint flag to Configure.  Although there
545       are some minor differences between compiling Perl with this flag versus
546       the -Duse64bitall flag, they should not be noticeable from a Perl
547       user's perspective. When configuring -Duse64bitint using a 64bit gcc on
548       a pa-risc architecture, -Duse64bitint is silently promoted to
549       -Duse64bitall.
550
551       In both cases, it is strongly recommended that you use these flags when
552       you run Configure.  If you do not use do this, but later answer the
553       questions about 64-bit numbers when Configure asks you, you may get a
554       configuration that cannot be compiled, or that does not function as
555       expected.
556
557   Oracle on HP-UX
558       Using perl to connect to Oracle databases through DBI and DBD::Oracle
559       has caused a lot of people many headaches. Read README.hpux in the
560       DBD::Oracle for much more information. The reason to mention it here is
561       that Oracle requires a perl built with libcl and libpthread, the latter
562       even when perl is build without threads. Building perl using all
563       defaults, but still enabling to build DBD::Oracle later on can be
564       achieved using
565
566         Configure -A prepend:libswanted='cl pthread ' ...
567
568       Do not forget the space before the trailing quote.
569
570       Also note that this does not (yet) work with all configurations, it is
571       known to fail with 64-bit versions of GCC.
572
573   GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
574       If you attempt to compile Perl with (POSIX) threads on an 11.X system
575       and also link in the GDBM library, then Perl will immediately core dump
576       when it starts up.  The only workaround at this point is to relink the
577       GDBM library under 11.X, then relink it into Perl.
578
579       the error might show something like:
580
581       Pthread internal error: message: __libc_reinit() failed, file:
582       ../pthreads/pthread.c, line: 1096 Return Pointer is 0xc082bf33 sh: 5345
583       Quit(coredump)
584
585       and Configure will give up.
586
587   NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
588       If you are compiling Perl on a remotely-mounted NFS filesystem, the
589       test io/fs.t may fail on test #18.  This appears to be a bug in HP-UX
590       and no fix is currently available.
591
592   HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
593       By default, HP-UX comes configured with a maximum data segment size of
594       64MB.  This is too small to correctly compile Perl with the maximum
595       optimization levels.  You can increase the size of the maxdsiz kernel
596       parameter through the use of SAM.
597
598       When using the GUI version of SAM, click on the Kernel Configuration
599       icon, then the Configurable Parameters icon.  Scroll down and select
600       the maxdsiz line.  From the Actions menu, select the Modify
601       Configurable Parameter item.  Insert the new formula into the
602       Formula/Value box.  Then follow the instructions to rebuild your kernel
603       and reboot your system.
604
605       In general, a value of 256MB (or "256*1024*1024") is sufficient for
606       Perl to compile at maximum optimization.
607

nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent

609       You may get a bus error core dump from the op/pwent or op/grent tests.
610       If compiled with -g you will see a stack trace much like the following:
611
612         #0  0xc004216c in  () from /usr/lib/libc.2
613         #1  0xc00d7550 in __nss_src_state_destr () from /usr/lib/libc.2
614         #2  0xc00d7768 in __nss_src_state_destr () from /usr/lib/libc.2
615         #3  0xc00d78a8 in nss_delete () from /usr/lib/libc.2
616         #4  0xc01126d8 in endpwent () from /usr/lib/libc.2
617         #5  0xd1950 in Perl_pp_epwent () from ./perl
618         #6  0x94d3c in Perl_runops_standard () from ./perl
619         #7  0x23728 in S_run_body () from ./perl
620         #8  0x23428 in perl_run () from ./perl
621         #9  0x2005c in main () from ./perl
622
623       The key here is the "nss_delete" call.  One workaround for this bug
624       seems to be to create add to the file /etc/nsswitch.conf (at least) the
625       following lines
626
627         group: files
628         passwd: files
629
630       Whether you are using NIS does not matter.  Amazingly enough, the same
631       bug also affects Solaris.
632

error: pasting ")" and "l" does not give a valid preprocessing token

634       There seems to be a broken system header file in HP-UX 11.00 that
635       breaks perl building in 32bit mode with GNU gcc-4.x causing this error.
636       The same file for HP-UX 11.11 (even though the file is older) does not
637       show this failure, and has the correct definition, so the best fix is
638       to patch the header to match:
639
640        --- /usr/include/inttypes.h  2001-04-20 18:42:14 +0200
641        +++ /usr/include/inttypes.h  2000-11-14 09:00:00 +0200
642        @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
643         #define UINT32_C(__c)                   __CONCAT_U__(__c)
644         #else /* __LP64 */
645         #define INT32_C(__c)                    __CONCAT__(__c,l)
646        -#define UINT32_C(__c)                   __CONCAT__(__CONCAT_U__(__c),l)
647        +#define UINT32_C(__c)                   __CONCAT__(__c,ul)
648         #endif /* __LP64 */
649
650         #define INT64_C(__c)                    __CONCAT_L__(__c,l)
651

Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class specifier

653       The following compilation warnings may happen in HP-UX releases earlier
654       than 11.31 but are harmless:
655
656        cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 535: warning 562:
657           Redeclaration of "sendfile" with a different storage class
658           specifier: "sendfile" will have internal linkage.
659        cc: "/usr/include/sys/socket.h", line 536: warning 562:
660           Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class
661           specifier: "sendpath" will have internal linkage.
662
663       They seem to be caused by broken system header files, and also other
664       open source projects are seeing them.  The following HP-UX patches
665       should make the warnings go away:
666
667         CR JAGae12001: PHNE_27063
668         Warning 562 on sys/socket.h due to redeclaration of prototypes
669
670         CR JAGae16787:
671         Warning 562 from socket.h sendpath/sendfile -D_FILEFFSET_BITS=64
672
673         CR JAGae73470 (11.23)
674         ER: Compiling socket.h with cc -D_FILEFFSET_BITS=64 warning 267/562
675

Miscellaneous

677       HP-UX 11 Y2K patch "Y2K-1100 B.11.00.B0125 HP-UX Core OS Year 2000
678       Patch Bundle" has been reported to break the io/fs test #18 which tests
679       whether utime() can change timestamps.  The Y2K patch seems to break
680       utime() so that over NFS the timestamps do not get changed (on local
681       filesystems utime() still works). This has probably been fixed on your
682       system by now.
683

AUTHOR

685       H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@xs4all.nl> Jeff Okamoto <okamoto@corp.hp.com>
686
687       With much assistance regarding shared libraries from Marc Sabatella.
688
689
690
691perl v5.36.0                      2022-08-30                       PERLHPUX(1)
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