1FONTS-CONF(5)                                                    FONTS-CONF(5)
2
3
4

NAME

6       fonts.conf - Font configuration files
7

SYNOPSIS

9          /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
10          /etc/fonts/fonts.dtd
11          /etc/fonts/conf.d
12          $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
13          $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
14          ~/.fonts.conf.d
15          ~/.fonts.conf
16
17

DESCRIPTION

19       Fontconfig is a library designed to provide system-wide font configura‐
20       tion, customization and application access.
21

FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW

23       Fontconfig contains two essential  modules,  the  configuration  module
24       which  builds an internal configuration from XML files and the matching
25       module which accepts font patterns and  returns  the  nearest  matching
26       font.
27
28   FONT CONFIGURATION
29       The  configuration  module  consists of the FcConfig datatype, libexpat
30       and FcConfigParse which walks over an XML tree and amends a  configura‐
31       tion  with  data found within. From an external perspective, configura‐
32       tion of the library consists of generating a valid XML tree and feeding
33       that  to  FcConfigParse.  The only other mechanism provided to applica‐
34       tions for changing the running configuration is to add fonts and direc‐
35       tories to the list of application-provided font files.
36
37       The intent is to make font configurations relatively static, and shared
38       by as many applications as possible. It is hoped that this will lead to
39       more  stable  font selection when passing names from one application to
40       another.  XML was chosen as a configuration file format because it pro‐
41       vides  a format which is easy for external agents to edit while retain‐
42       ing the correct structure and syntax.
43
44       Font configuration is separate from font matching; applications needing
45       to  do  their  own matching can access the available fonts from the li‐
46       brary and perform private matching. The intent is  to  permit  applica‐
47       tions to pick and choose appropriate functionality from the library in‐
48       stead of forcing them to choose between this library and a private con‐
49       figuration mechanism. The hope is that this will ensure that configura‐
50       tion of fonts for all applications can be  centralized  in  one  place.
51       Centralizing  font  configuration will simplify and regularize font in‐
52       stallation and customization.
53
54   FONT PROPERTIES
55       While font patterns may contain essentially any properties,  there  are
56       some  well known properties with associated types. Fontconfig uses some
57       of these properties for font matching and font completion.  Others  are
58       provided as a convenience for the applications' rendering mechanism.
59
60         Property        Type    Description
61         --------------------------------------------------------------
62         family          String  Font family names
63         familylang      String  Languages corresponding to each family
64         style           String  Font style. Overrides weight and slant
65         stylelang       String  Languages corresponding to each style
66         fullname        String  Font full names (often includes style)
67         fullnamelang    String  Languages corresponding to each fullname
68         slant           Int     Italic, oblique or roman
69         weight          Int     Light, medium, demibold, bold or black
70         size            Double  Point size
71         width           Int     Condensed, normal or expanded
72         aspect          Double  Stretches glyphs horizontally before hinting
73         pixelsize       Double  Pixel size
74         spacing         Int     Proportional, dual-width, monospace or charcell
75         foundry         String  Font foundry name
76         antialias       Bool    Whether glyphs can be antialiased
77         hinting         Bool    Whether the rasterizer should use hinting
78         hintstyle       Int     Automatic hinting style
79         verticallayout  Bool    Use vertical layout
80         autohint        Bool    Use autohinter instead of normal hinter
81         globaladvance   Bool    Use font global advance data (deprecated)
82         file            String  The filename holding the font
83         index           Int     The index of the font within the file
84         ftface          FT_Face Use the specified FreeType face object
85         rasterizer      String  Which rasterizer is in use (deprecated)
86         outline         Bool    Whether the glyphs are outlines
87         scalable        Bool    Whether glyphs can be scaled
88         color           Bool    Whether any glyphs have color
89         scale           Double  Scale factor for point->pixel conversions (deprecated)
90         dpi             Double  Target dots per inch
91         rgba            Int     unknown, rgb, bgr, vrgb, vbgr,
92                                 none - subpixel geometry
93         lcdfilter       Int     Type of LCD filter
94         minspace        Bool    Eliminate leading from line spacing
95         charset         CharSet Unicode chars encoded by the font
96         lang            String  List of RFC-3066-style languages this
97                                 font supports
98         fontversion     Int     Version number of the font
99         capability      String  List of layout capabilities in the font
100         fontformat      String  String name of the font format
101         embolden        Bool    Rasterizer should synthetically embolden the font
102         embeddedbitmap  Bool    Use the embedded bitmap instead of the outline
103         decorative      Bool    Whether the style is a decorative variant
104         fontfeatures    String  List of the feature tags in OpenType to be enabled
105         namelang        String  Language name to be used for the default value of
106                                 familylang, stylelang, and fullnamelang
107         prgname         String  String  Name of the running program
108         postscriptname  String  Font family name in PostScript
109         fonthashint     Bool    Whether the font has hinting
110         order           Int     Order number of the font
111
112
113
114   FONT MATCHING
115       Fontconfig  performs matching by measuring the distance from a provided
116       pattern to all of the available fonts in the system. The closest match‐
117       ing font is selected. This ensures that a font will always be returned,
118       but doesn't ensure that it is anything like the requested pattern.
119
120       Font matching starts with an application constructed pattern.  The  de‐
121       sired attributes of the resulting font are collected together in a pat‐
122       tern. Each property of the pattern can  contain  one  or  more  values;
123       these  are  listed  in  priority order; matches earlier in the list are
124       considered "closer" than matches later in the list.
125
126       The initial pattern is modified by applying the  list  of  editing  in‐
127       structions  specific  to patterns found in the configuration; each con‐
128       sists of a match predicate and a set of editing  operations.  They  are
129       executed  in  the  order they appeared in the configuration. Each match
130       causes the associated sequence of editing operations to be applied.
131
132       After the pattern has been edited, a sequence of default  substitutions
133       are  performed  to  canonicalize  the set of available properties; this
134       avoids the need for the lower layers to constantly provide default val‐
135       ues for various font properties during rendering.
136
137       The  canonical  font  pattern  is finally matched against all available
138       fonts.  The distance from the pattern to the font is measured for  each
139       of  several properties: foundry, charset, family, lang, spacing, pixel‐
140       size, style, slant, weight, antialias,  rasterizer  and  outline.  This
141       list  is  in priority order -- results of comparing earlier elements of
142       this list weigh more heavily than later elements.
143
144       There is one special case to this rule; family names are split into two
145       bindings; strong and weak. Strong family names are given greater prece‐
146       dence in the match than lang elements while weak family names are given
147       lower precedence than lang elements. This permits the document language
148       to drive font selection when any document specified  font  is  unavail‐
149       able.
150
151       The  pattern representing that font is augmented to include any proper‐
152       ties found in the pattern but not found in the font itself;  this  per‐
153       mits  the  application to pass rendering instructions or any other data
154       through the matching system. Finally, the list of editing  instructions
155       specific  to  fonts  found in the configuration are applied to the pat‐
156       tern. This modified pattern is returned to the application.
157
158       The return value contains sufficient information to locate and  raster‐
159       ize  the  font, including the file name, pixel size and other rendering
160       data. As none of the information involved pertains to the FreeType  li‐
161       brary, applications are free to use any rasterization engine or even to
162       take the identified font file and access it directly.
163
164       The match/edit sequences in the  configuration  are  performed  in  two
165       passes because there are essentially two different operations necessary
166       -- the first is to modify how fonts are selected; aliasing families and
167       adding  suitable  defaults.  The  second  is to modify how the selected
168       fonts are rasterized. Those must apply to the selected  font,  not  the
169       original pattern as false matches will often occur.
170
171   FONT NAMES
172       Fontconfig  provides a textual representation for patterns that the li‐
173       brary can both accept and generate.  The  representation  is  in  three
174       parts,  first  a list of family names, second a list of point sizes and
175       finally a list of additional properties:
176
177            <families>-<point sizes>:<name1>=<values1>:<name2>=<values2>...
178
179
180
181       Values in a list are separated with commas. The  name  needn't  include
182       either  families or point sizes; they can be elided. In addition, there
183       are symbolic constants that simultaneously indicate both a name  and  a
184       value.  Here are some examples:
185
186         Name                            Meaning
187         ----------------------------------------------------------
188         Times-12                        12 point Times Roman
189         Times-12:bold                   12 point Times Bold
190         Courier:italic                  Courier Italic in the default size
191         Monospace:matrix=1 .1 0 1       The users preferred monospace font
192                                         with artificial obliquing
193
194
195
196       The  '\',  '-', ':' and ',' characters in family names must be preceded
197       by a '\' character to avoid having them misinterpreted. Similarly, val‐
198       ues  containing '\', '=', '_', ':' and ',' must also have them preceded
199       by a '\' character. The '\' characters are stripped out of  the  family
200       name and values as the font name is read.
201

DEBUGGING APPLICATIONS

203       To  help  diagnose  font and applications problems, fontconfig is built
204       with a large amount of internal debugging  left  enabled.  It  is  con‐
205       trolled  by  means  of  the FC_DEBUG environment variable. The value of
206       this variable is interpreted as a number,  and  each  bit  within  that
207       value controls different debugging messages.
208
209         Name         Value    Meaning
210         ---------------------------------------------------------
211         MATCH            1    Brief information about font matching
212         MATCHV           2    Extensive font matching information
213         EDIT             4    Monitor match/test/edit execution
214         FONTSET          8    Track loading of font information at startup
215         CACHE           16    Watch cache files being written
216         CACHEV          32    Extensive cache file writing information
217         PARSE           64    (no longer in use)
218         SCAN           128    Watch font files being scanned to build caches
219         SCANV          256    Verbose font file scanning information
220         MEMORY         512    Monitor fontconfig memory usage
221         CONFIG        1024    Monitor which config files are loaded
222         LANGSET       2048    Dump char sets used to construct lang values
223         MATCH2        4096    Display font-matching transformation in patterns
224
225
226
227       Add  the value of the desired debug levels together and assign that (in
228       base 10) to the FC_DEBUG environment variable before running the appli‐
229       cation. Output from these statements is sent to stdout.
230

LANG TAGS

232       Each  font  in  the  database contains a list of languages it supports.
233       This is computed by comparing the Unicode coverage of the font with the
234       orthography  of  each  language. Languages are tagged using an RFC-3066
235       compatible naming and occur in two parts -- the ISO  639  language  tag
236       followed a hyphen and then by the ISO 3166 country code. The hyphen and
237       country code may be elided.
238
239       Fontconfig has orthographies for several languages built into  the  li‐
240       brary.   No  provision has been made for adding new ones aside from re‐
241       building the library. It currently supports 122 of  the  139  languages
242       named in ISO 639-1, 141 of the languages with two-letter codes from ISO
243       639-2 and another 30 languages with only three-letter codes.  Languages
244       with  both  two  and  three letter codes are provided with only the two
245       letter code.
246
247       For languages used in multiple  territories  with  radically  different
248       character  sets,  fontconfig includes per-territory orthographies. This
249       includes Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Pashto, Tigrinya and Chinese.
250

CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT

252       Configuration files for fontconfig are stored in XML format; this  for‐
253       mat makes external configuration tools easier to write and ensures that
254       they will generate syntactically correct configuration  files.  As  XML
255       files  are  plain text, they can also be manipulated by the expert user
256       using a text editor.
257
258       The fontconfig document type definition resides in the external  entity
259       "fonts.dtd";  this is normally stored in the default font configuration
260       directory (/etc/fonts). Each configuration file should contain the fol‐
261       lowing structure:
262
263            <?xml version="1.0"?>
264            <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
265            <fontconfig>
266       ...
267            </fontconfig>
268
269
270
271   <FONTCONFIG>
272       This  is the top level element for a font configuration and can contain
273       <dir>, <cachedir>, <include>, <match> and <alias> elements in  any  or‐
274       der.
275
276   <DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" SALT="">
277       This  element  contains a directory name which will be scanned for font
278       files to include in the set of available fonts.
279
280       If 'prefix' is set to "default" or "cwd", the current working directory
281       will be added as the path prefix prior to the value. If 'prefix' is set
282       to "xdg", the value in the XDG_DATA_HOME environment variable  will  be
283       added  as  the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification
284       for more details. If 'prefix' is set to "relative", the path of current
285       file will be added prior to the value.
286
287       'salt' property affects to determine cache filename. this is useful for
288       example when having different fonts sets on same path at container  and
289       share fonts from host on different font path.
290
291   <CACHEDIR PREFIX="DEFAULT">
292       This element contains a directory name that is supposed to be stored or
293       read the cache of font information. If multiple elements are  specified
294       in  the configuration file, the directory that can be accessed first in
295       the list will be used to store the cache files. If it starts with  '~',
296       it  refers  to  a directory in the users home directory. If 'prefix' is
297       set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CACHE_HOME environment variable will
298       be  added  as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specifica‐
299       tion    for    more    details.     The    default     directory     is
300       ``$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig''  and  it  contains the cache files named
301       ``<hash value>-<architecture>.cache-<version>'', where <version> is the
302       fontconfig cache file version number (currently 8).
303
304   <INCLUDE IGNORE_MISSING="NO" PREFIX="DEFAULT">
305       This  element  contains the name of an additional configuration file or
306       directory. If a directory, every file within  that  directory  starting
307       with  an  ASCII  digit  (U+0030  -  U+0039)  and ending with the string
308       ``.conf'' will be processed in sorted order. When the XML  datatype  is
309       traversed  by  FcConfigParse,  the contents of the file(s) will also be
310       incorporated into the configuration by passing the filename(s)  to  Fc‐
311       ConfigLoadAndParse.  If 'ignore_missing' is set to "yes" instead of the
312       default "no", a missing file or directory will elicit no  warning  mes‐
313       sage  from  the  library. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the
314       XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable will be added as the path  prefix.
315       please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details.
316
317   <CONFIG>
318       This  element  provides a place to consolidate additional configuration
319       information. <config> can contain <blank> and <rescan> elements in  any
320       order.
321
322   <DESCRIPTION DOMAIN="FONTCONFIG-CONF">
323       This  element  is supposed to hold strings which describe what a config
324       is used for.  This string can be translated through  gettext.  'domain'
325       needs  to  be set the proper name to apply then.  fontconfig will tries
326       to retrieve translations with 'domain' from gettext.
327
328   <BLANK>
329       Fonts often include "broken" glyphs which appear in  the  encoding  but
330       are  drawn  as  blanks on the screen. Within the <blank> element, place
331       each Unicode characters which is supposed to be blank in an <int>  ele‐
332       ment.   Characters outside of this set which are drawn as blank will be
333       elided from the set of characters supported by the font.
334
335   <REMAP-DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" AS-PATH="" SALT="">
336       This element contains a directory name where will be mapped as the path
337       'as-path'  in cached information.  This is useful if the directory name
338       is an alias (via a bind mount or symlink) to another directory  in  the
339       system for which cached font information is likely to exist.
340
341       'salt'  property  affects  to determine cache filename as same as <dir>
342       element.
343
344   <RESET-DIRS />
345       This element removes all of fonts directories where added by <dir> ele‐
346       ments.  This is useful to override fonts directories from system to own
347       fonts directories only.
348
349   <RESCAN>
350       The <rescan> element holds an <int> element which indicates the default
351       interval  between  automatic  checks  for  font  configuration changes.
352       Fontconfig will validate all of the configuration files and directories
353       and  automatically rebuild the internal datastructures when this inter‐
354       val passes.
355
356   <SELECTFONT>
357       This element is used to black/white list fonts  from  being  listed  or
358       matched against. It holds acceptfont and rejectfont elements.
359
360   <ACCEPTFONT>
361       Fonts  matched  by  an acceptfont element are "whitelisted"; such fonts
362       are explicitly included in the set of fonts used to  resolve  list  and
363       match  requests;  including  them in this list protects them from being
364       "blacklisted" by a rejectfont element. Acceptfont elements include glob
365       and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
366
367   <REJECTFONT>
368       Fonts  matched  by  an rejectfont element are "blacklisted"; such fonts
369       are excluded from the set of fonts used to resolve list and  match  re‐
370       quests  as  if they didn't exist in the system. Rejectfont elements in‐
371       clude glob and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
372
373   <GLOB>
374       Glob elements hold shell-style filename matching patterns (including  ?
375       and *) which match fonts based on their complete pathnames. This can be
376       used to exclude a set of directories  (/usr/share/fonts/uglyfont*),  or
377       particular  font file types (*.pcf.gz), but the latter mechanism relies
378       rather heavily on filenaming conventions which can't  be  relied  upon.
379       Note that globs only apply to directories, not to individual fonts.
380
381   <PATTERN>
382       Pattern  elements  perform  list-style matching on incoming fonts; that
383       is, they hold a list of elements and associated values. If all of those
384       elements have a matching value, then the pattern matches the font. This
385       can be used to select fonts based on attributes of the font  (scalable,
386       bold,  etc),  which is a more reliable mechanism than using file exten‐
387       sions.  Pattern elements include patelt elements.
388
389   <PATELT NAME="PROPERTY">
390       Patelt elements hold a single pattern element and list of values.  They
391       must  have a 'name' attribute which indicates the pattern element name.
392       Patelt elements include int, double, string, matrix, bool, charset  and
393       const elements.
394
395   <MATCH TARGET="PATTERN">
396       This element holds first a (possibly empty) list of <test> elements and
397       then a (possibly empty) list of <edit> elements. Patterns  which  match
398       all  of the tests are subjected to all the edits. If 'target' is set to
399       "font" instead of the default "pattern", then this element  applies  to
400       the  font  name resulting from a match rather than a font pattern to be
401       matched. If 'target' is set to "scan", then this element  applies  when
402       the font is scanned to build the fontconfig database.
403
404   <TEST QUAL="ANY" NAME="PROPERTY" TARGET="DEFAULT" COMPARE="EQ">
405       This  element contains a single value which is compared with the target
406       ('pattern', 'font', 'scan' or 'default') property  "property"  (substi‐
407       tute  any  of  the  property names seen above). 'compare' can be one of
408       "eq", "not_eq", "less", "less_eq",  "more",  "more_eq",  "contains"  or
409       "not_contains".  'qual' may either be the default, "any", in which case
410       the match succeeds if any value associated with  the  property  matches
411       the  test  value,  or "all", in which case all of the values associated
412       with the property must match the test value.  'ignore-blanks'  takes  a
413       boolean  value.  if  'ignore-blanks'  is  set "true", any blanks in the
414       string will be ignored on its comparison. this takes effects only  when
415       compare="eq" or compare="not_eq".  When used in a <match target="font">
416       element, the target= attribute in the <test>  element  selects  between
417       matching  the original pattern or the font. "default" selects whichever
418       target the outer <match> element has selected.
419
420   <EDIT NAME="PROPERTY" MODE="ASSIGN" BINDING="WEAK">
421       This element contains a list of expression elements (any of  the  value
422       or  operator  elements).  The expression elements are evaluated at run-
423       time and modify the property "property". The  modification  depends  on
424       whether  "property"  was  matched  by one of the associated <test> ele‐
425       ments, if so, the modification may affect the first matched value.  Any
426       values  inserted  into  the  property  are  given the indicated binding
427       ("strong", "weak" or "same") with "same" binding using the  value  from
428       the matched pattern element.  'mode' is one of:
429
430         Mode                    With Match              Without Match
431         ---------------------------------------------------------------------
432         "assign"                Replace matching value  Replace all values
433         "assign_replace"        Replace all values      Replace all values
434         "prepend"               Insert before matching  Insert at head of list
435         "prepend_first"         Insert at head of list  Insert at head of list
436         "append"                Append after matching   Append at end of list
437         "append_last"           Append at end of list   Append at end of list
438         "delete"                Delete matching value   Delete all values
439         "delete_all"            Delete all values       Delete all values
440
441
442
443   <INT>, <DOUBLE>, <STRING>, <BOOL>
444       These  elements  hold a single value of the indicated type. <bool> ele‐
445       ments hold either true or false. An important limitation exists in  the
446       parsing  of floating point numbers -- fontconfig requires that the man‐
447       tissa start with a digit, not a decimal point, so insert a leading zero
448       for  purely  fractional values (e.g. use 0.5 instead of .5 and -0.5 in‐
449       stead of -.5).
450
451   <MATRIX>
452       This element holds four numerical expressions of an affine  transforma‐
453       tion.   At their simplest these will be four <double> elements but they
454       can also be more involved expressions.
455
456   <RANGE>
457       This element holds the two <int> elements of a range representation.
458
459   <CHARSET>
460       This element holds at least one <int> element of an Unicode code  point
461       or more.
462
463   <LANGSET>
464       This  element  holds  at least one <string> element of a RFC-3066-style
465       languages or more.
466
467   <NAME>
468       Holds a property name. Evaluates to the first value from  the  property
469       of  the  pattern. If the 'target' attribute is not present, it will de‐
470       fault to 'default', in which case the property  is  returned  from  the
471       font  pattern during a target="font" match, and to the pattern during a
472       target="pattern" match. The attribute can also take the  values  'font'
473       or  'pattern' to explicitly choose which pattern to use. It is an error
474       to use a target of 'font' in a match that has target="pattern".
475
476   <CONST>
477       Holds the name of a constant; these are always integers  and  serve  as
478       symbolic names for common font values:
479
480         Constant        Property        Value
481         -------------------------------------
482         thin            weight          0
483         extralight      weight          40
484         ultralight      weight          40
485         light           weight          50
486         demilight       weight          55
487         semilight       weight          55
488         book            weight          75
489         regular         weight          80
490         normal          weight          80
491         medium          weight          100
492         demibold        weight          180
493         semibold        weight          180
494         bold            weight          200
495         extrabold       weight          205
496         black           weight          210
497         heavy           weight          210
498         roman           slant           0
499         italic          slant           100
500         oblique         slant           110
501         ultracondensed  width           50
502         extracondensed  width           63
503         condensed       width           75
504         semicondensed   width           87
505         normal          width           100
506         semiexpanded    width           113
507         expanded        width           125
508         extraexpanded   width           150
509         ultraexpanded   width           200
510         proportional    spacing         0
511         dual            spacing         90
512         mono            spacing         100
513         charcell        spacing         110
514         unknown         rgba            0
515         rgb             rgba            1
516         bgr             rgba            2
517         vrgb            rgba            3
518         vbgr            rgba            4
519         none            rgba            5
520         lcdnone         lcdfilter       0
521         lcddefault      lcdfilter       1
522         lcdlight        lcdfilter       2
523         lcdlegacy       lcdfilter       3
524         hintnone        hintstyle       0
525         hintslight      hintstyle       1
526         hintmedium      hintstyle       2
527         hintfull        hintstyle       3
528
529
530
531   <OR>, <AND>, <PLUS>, <MINUS>, <TIMES>, <DIVIDE>
532       These  elements perform the specified operation on a list of expression
533       elements. <or> and <and> are boolean, not bitwise.
534
535   <EQ>, <NOT_EQ>, <LESS>, <LESS_EQ>, <MORE>, <MORE_EQ>, <CONTAINS>, <NOT_CON‐
536       TAINS
537       These elements compare two values, producing a boolean result.
538
539   <NOT>
540       Inverts the boolean sense of its one expression element
541
542   <IF>
543       This element takes three expression elements; if the value of the first
544       is true, it produces the value of the second, otherwise it produces the
545       value of the third.
546
547   <ALIAS>
548       Alias elements provide a shorthand notation for the set of common match
549       operations needed to substitute one font family for another. They  con‐
550       tain  a  <family>  element  followed by optional <prefer>, <accept> and
551       <default> elements. Fonts matching the <family> element are  edited  to
552       prepend  the  list of <prefer>ed families before the matching <family>,
553       append the <accept>able families after the matching <family> and append
554       the <default> families to the end of the family list.
555
556   <FAMILY>
557       Holds a single font family name
558
559   <PREFER>, <ACCEPT>, <DEFAULT>
560       These  hold  a list of <family> elements to be used by the <alias> ele‐
561       ment.
562

EXAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE

564   SYSTEM CONFIGURATION FILE
565       This is an example of a system-wide configuration file
566
567       <?xml version="1.0"?>
568       <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
569       <!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
570       <fontconfig>
571       <!--
572            Find fonts in these directories
573       -->
574       <dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
575       <dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts</dir>
576
577       <!--
578            Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
579       -->
580       <match target="pattern">
581            <test qual="any" name="family"><string>mono</string></test>
582            <edit name="family" mode="assign"><string>monospace</string></edit>
583       </match>
584
585       <!--
586            Names not including any well known alias are given 'sans-serif'
587       -->
588       <match target="pattern">
589            <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq"><string>sans-serif</string></test>
590            <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq"><string>serif</string></test>
591            <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq"><string>monospace</string></test>
592            <edit name="family" mode="append_last"><string>sans-serif</string></edit>
593       </match>
594
595       <!--
596            Load per-user customization file, but don't complain
597            if it doesn't exist
598       -->
599       <include ignore_missing="yes" prefix="xdg">fontconfig/fonts.conf</include>
600
601       <!--
602            Load local customization files, but don't complain
603            if there aren't any
604       -->
605       <include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>
606       <include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>
607
608       <!--
609            Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts.
610            These substitute TrueType faces for similar Type1
611            faces to improve screen appearance.
612       -->
613       <alias>
614            <family>Times</family>
615            <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer>
616            <default><family>serif</family></default>
617       </alias>
618       <alias>
619            <family>Helvetica</family>
620            <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer>
621            <default><family>sans</family></default>
622       </alias>
623       <alias>
624            <family>Courier</family>
625            <prefer><family>Courier New</family></prefer>
626            <default><family>monospace</family></default>
627       </alias>
628
629       <!--
630            Provide required aliases for standard names
631            Do these after the users configuration file so that
632            any aliases there are used preferentially
633       -->
634       <alias>
635            <family>serif</family>
636            <prefer><family>Times New Roman</family></prefer>
637       </alias>
638       <alias>
639            <family>sans</family>
640            <prefer><family>Arial</family></prefer>
641       </alias>
642       <alias>
643            <family>monospace</family>
644            <prefer><family>Andale Mono</family></prefer>
645       </alias>
646
647       <--
648            The example of the requirements of OR operator;
649            If the 'family' contains 'Courier New' OR 'Courier'
650            add 'monospace' as the alternative
651       -->
652       <match target="pattern">
653            <test name="family" compare="eq">
654                 <string>Courier New</string>
655            </test>
656            <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
657                 <string>monospace</string>
658            </edit>
659       </match>
660       <match target="pattern">
661            <test name="family" compare="eq">
662                 <string>Courier</string>
663            </test>
664            <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
665                 <string>monospace</string>
666            </edit>
667       </match>
668
669       </fontconfig>
670
671
672
673   USER CONFIGURATION FILE
674       This is an example of a  per-user  configuration  file  that  lives  in
675       $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
676
677       <?xml version="1.0"?>
678       <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
679       <!-- $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf for per-user font configuration -->
680       <fontconfig>
681
682       <!--
683            Private font directory
684       -->
685       <dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir>
686
687       <!--
688            use rgb sub-pixel ordering to improve glyph appearance on
689            LCD screens.  Changes affecting rendering, but not matching
690            should always use target="font".
691       -->
692       <match target="font">
693            <edit name="rgba" mode="assign"><const>rgb</const></edit>
694       </match>
695       <!--
696            use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font when serif is requested for Chinese
697       -->
698       <match>
699            <!--
700                 If you don't want to use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font for zh-tw etc,
701                 you can use zh-cn instead of zh.
702                 Please note, even if you set zh-cn, it still matches zh.
703                 if you don't like it, you can use compare="eq"
704                 instead of compare="contains".
705            -->
706            <test name="lang" compare="contains">
707                 <string>zh</string>
708            </test>
709            <test name="family">
710                 <string>serif</string>
711            </test>
712            <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
713                 <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
714            </edit>
715       </match>
716       <!--
717            use VL Gothic font when sans-serif is requested for Japanese
718       -->
719       <match>
720            <test name="lang" compare="contains">
721                 <string>ja</string>
722            </test>
723            <test name="family">
724                 <string>sans-serif</string>
725            </test>
726            <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
727                 <string>VL Gothic</string>
728            </edit>
729       </match>
730       </fontconfig>
731
732
733

FILES

735       fonts.conf  contains  configuration  information for the fontconfig li‐
736       brary consisting of directories to look at for font information as well
737       as  instructions  on editing program specified font patterns before at‐
738       tempting to match the available fonts. It is in XML format.
739
740       conf.d is the conventional name for a directory of additional  configu‐
741       ration  files managed by external applications or the local administra‐
742       tor. The filenames starting with decimal digits are sorted  in  lexico‐
743       graphic  order and used as additional configuration files. All of these
744       files are in XML format. The master fonts.conf file references this di‐
745       rectory in an <include> directive.
746
747       fonts.dtd  is  a  DTD  that  describes  the format of the configuration
748       files.
749
750       $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d and ~/.fonts.conf.d is  the  conven‐
751       tional name for a per-user directory of (typically auto-generated) con‐
752       figuration files, although the actual  location  is  specified  in  the
753       global  fonts.conf file. please note that ~/.fonts.conf.d is deprecated
754       now. it will not be read by default in the future version.
755
756       $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf and ~/.fonts.conf is the conven‐
757       tional  location  for  per-user font configuration, although the actual
758       location is specified in the global fonts.conf file. please  note  that
759       ~/.fonts.conf  is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the
760       future version.
761
762       $XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig/*.cache-*  and   ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-*  is
763       the conventional repository of font information that isn't found in the
764       per-directory caches. This file is automatically maintained by fontcon‐
765       fig.  please  note  that  ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is deprecated now. it
766       will not be read by default in the future version.
767

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

769       FONTCONFIG_FILE is used to override the default configuration file.
770
771       FONTCONFIG_PATH is used to override the  default  configuration  direc‐
772       tory.
773
774       FONTCONFIG_SYSROOT is used to set a default sysroot directory.
775
776       FC_DEBUG  is used to output the detailed debugging messages. see Debug‐
777       ging Applications section for more details.
778
779       FC_DBG_MATCH_FILTER is used to filter out the patterns.  this  takes  a
780       comma-separated list of object names and effects only when FC_DEBUG has
781       MATCH2. see Debugging Applications section for more details.
782
783       FC_LANG is used to specify the default language as the weak binding  in
784       the  query.  if this isn't set, the default language will be determined
785       from current locale.
786
787       FONTCONFIG_USE_MMAP is used to control the use of mmap(2) for the cache
788       files  if  available. this take a boolean value. fontconfig will checks
789       if the cache files are stored on the filesystem that  is  safe  to  use
790       mmap(2). explicitly setting this environment variable will causes skip‐
791       ping this check and enforce to use or not use mmap(2) anyway.
792
793       SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is used to ensure fc-cache(1) generates  files  in  a
794       deterministic  manner in order to support reproducible builds. When set
795       to a numeric representation of UNIX timestamp, fontconfig  will  prefer
796       this value over using the modification timestamps of the input files in
797       order  to  identify  which  cache  files   require   regeneration.   If
798       SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH  is not set (or is newer than the mtime of the direc‐
799       tory), the existing behaviour is unchanged.
800

SEE ALSO

802       fc-cat(1),   fc-cache(1),   fc-list(1),    fc-match(1),    fc-query(1),
803       SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH    <URL:https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-
804       date-epoch/>.
805

VERSION

807       Fontconfig version 2.14.1
808
809
810
811                                 21 10月 2022                    FONTS-CONF(5)
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