1FONTS-CONF(5) FONTS-CONF(5)
2
6 fonts.conf - Font configuration files
7
9 /etc/fonts/fonts.conf
10 /etc/fonts/fonts.dtd
11 /etc/fonts/conf.d
12 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
13 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
14 ~/.fonts.conf.d
15 ~/.fonts.conf
16
19 Fontconfig is a library designed to provide system-wide font configura‐
20 tion, customization and application access.
21
23 Fontconfig contains two essential modules, the configuration module
24 which builds an internal configuration from XML files and the matching
25 module which accepts font patterns and returns the nearest matching
26 font.
27 FONT CONFIGURATION
29 The configuration module consists of the FcConfig datatype, libexpat
30 and FcConfigParse which walks over an XML tree and amends a configura‐
31 tion with data found within. From an external perspective, configura‐
32 tion of the library consists of generating a valid XML tree and feeding
33 that to FcConfigParse. The only other mechanism provided to applica‐
34 tions for changing the running configuration is to add fonts and direc‐
35 tories to the list of application-provided font files.
36 The intent is to make font configurations relatively static, and shared
38 by as many applications as possible. It is hoped that this will lead to
39 more stable font selection when passing names from one application to
40 another. XML was chosen as a configuration file format because it pro‐
41 vides a format which is easy for external agents to edit while retain‐
42 ing the correct structure and syntax.
43 Font configuration is separate from font matching; applications needing
45 to do their own matching can access the available fonts from the li‐
46 brary and perform private matching. The intent is to permit applica‐
47 tions to pick and choose appropriate functionality from the library in‐
48 stead of forcing them to choose between this library and a private con‐
49 figuration mechanism. The hope is that this will ensure that configura‐
50 tion of fonts for all applications can be centralized in one place.
51 Centralizing font configuration will simplify and regularize font in‐
52 stallation and customization.
53 FONT PROPERTIES
55 While font patterns may contain essentially any properties, there are
56 some well known properties with associated types. Fontconfig uses some
57 of these properties for font matching and font completion. Others are
58 provided as a convenience for the applications' rendering mechanism.
59 Property Type Description
61 --------------------------------------------------------------
62 family String Font family names
63 familylang String Languages corresponding to each family
64 style String Font style. Overrides weight and slant
65 stylelang String Languages corresponding to each style
66 fullname String Font full names (often includes style)
67 fullnamelang String Languages corresponding to each fullname
68 slant Int Italic, oblique or roman
69 weight Int Light, medium, demibold, bold or black
70 size Double Point size
71 width Int Condensed, normal or expanded
72 aspect Double Stretches glyphs horizontally before hinting
73 pixelsize Double Pixel size
74 spacing Int Proportional, dual-width, monospace or charcell
75 foundry String Font foundry name
76 antialias Bool Whether glyphs can be antialiased
77 hinting Bool Whether the rasterizer should use hinting
78 hintstyle Int Automatic hinting style
79 verticallayout Bool Use vertical layout
80 autohint Bool Use autohinter instead of normal hinter
81 globaladvance Bool Use font global advance data (deprecated)
82 file String The filename holding the font
83 index Int The index of the font within the file
84 ftface FT_Face Use the specified FreeType face object
85 rasterizer String Which rasterizer is in use (deprecated)
86 outline Bool Whether the glyphs are outlines
87 scalable Bool Whether glyphs can be scaled
88 color Bool Whether any glyphs have color
89 scale Double Scale factor for point->pixel conversions
90 (deprecated)
91 dpi Double Target dots per inch
92 rgba Int unknown, rgb, bgr, vrgb, vbgr,
93 none - subpixel geometry
94 lcdfilter Int Type of LCD filter
95 minspace Bool Eliminate leading from line spacing
96 charset CharSet Unicode chars encoded by the font
97 lang String List of RFC-3066-style languages this
98 font supports
99 fontversion Int Version number of the font
100 capability String List of layout capabilities in the font
101 fontformat String String name of the font format
102 embolden Bool Rasterizer should synthetically embolden the font
103 embeddedbitmap Bool Use the embedded bitmap instead of the outline
104 decorative Bool Whether the style is a decorative variant
105 fontfeatures String List of the feature tags in OpenType to be enabled
106 namelang String Language name to be used for the default value of
107 familylang, stylelang, and fullnamelang
108 prgname String String Name of the running program
109 postscriptname String Font family name in PostScript
110 fonthashint Bool Whether the font has hinting
111 order Int Order number of the font
112 FONT MATCHING
116 Fontconfig performs matching by measuring the distance from a provided
117 pattern to all of the available fonts in the system. The closest match‐
118 ing font is selected. This ensures that a font will always be returned,
119 but doesn't ensure that it is anything like the requested pattern.
120 Font matching starts with an application constructed pattern. The de‐
122 sired attributes of the resulting font are collected together in a pat‐
123 tern. Each property of the pattern can contain one or more values;
124 these are listed in priority order; matches earlier in the list are
125 considered "closer" than matches later in the list.
126 The initial pattern is modified by applying the list of editing in‐
128 structions specific to patterns found in the configuration; each con‐
129 sists of a match predicate and a set of editing operations. They are
130 executed in the order they appeared in the configuration. Each match
131 causes the associated sequence of editing operations to be applied.
132 After the pattern has been edited, a sequence of default substitutions
134 are performed to canonicalize the set of available properties; this
135 avoids the need for the lower layers to constantly provide default val‐
136 ues for various font properties during rendering.
137 The canonical font pattern is finally matched against all available
139 fonts. The distance from the pattern to the font is measured for each
140 of several properties: foundry, charset, family, lang, spacing, pixel‐
141 size, style, slant, weight, antialias, rasterizer and outline. This
142 list is in priority order -- results of comparing earlier elements of
143 this list weigh more heavily than later elements.
144 There is one special case to this rule; family names are split into two
146 bindings; strong and weak. Strong family names are given greater prece‐
147 dence in the match than lang elements while weak family names are given
148 lower precedence than lang elements. This permits the document language
149 to drive font selection when any document specified font is unavail‐
150 able.
151 The pattern representing that font is augmented to include any proper‐
153 ties found in the pattern but not found in the font itself; this per‐
154 mits the application to pass rendering instructions or any other data
155 through the matching system. Finally, the list of editing instructions
156 specific to fonts found in the configuration are applied to the pat‐
157 tern. This modified pattern is returned to the application.
158 The return value contains sufficient information to locate and raster‐
160 ize the font, including the file name, pixel size and other rendering
161 data. As none of the information involved pertains to the FreeType li‐
162 brary, applications are free to use any rasterization engine or even to
163 take the identified font file and access it directly.
164 The match/edit sequences in the configuration are performed in two
166 passes because there are essentially two different operations necessary
167 -- the first is to modify how fonts are selected; aliasing families and
168 adding suitable defaults. The second is to modify how the selected
169 fonts are rasterized. Those must apply to the selected font, not the
170 original pattern as false matches will often occur.
171 FONT NAMES
173 Fontconfig provides a textual representation for patterns that the li‐
174 brary can both accept and generate. The representation is in three
175 parts, first a list of family names, second a list of point sizes and
176 finally a list of additional properties:
177 <families>-<point sizes>:<name1>=<values1>:<name2>=<values2>...
179 Values in a list are separated with commas. The name needn't include
183 either families or point sizes; they can be elided. In addition, there
184 are symbolic constants that simultaneously indicate both a name and a
185 value. Here are some examples:
186 Name Meaning
188 ----------------------------------------------------------
189 Times-12 12 point Times Roman
190 Times-12:bold 12 point Times Bold
191 Courier:italic Courier Italic in the default size
192 Monospace:matrix=1 .1 0 1 The users preferred monospace font
193 with artificial obliquing
194 The '\', '-', ':' and ',' characters in family names must be preceded
198 by a '\' character to avoid having them misinterpreted. Similarly, val‐
199 ues containing '\', '=', '_', ':' and ',' must also have them preceded
200 by a '\' character. The '\' characters are stripped out of the family
201 name and values as the font name is read.
202
204 To help diagnose font and applications problems, fontconfig is built
205 with a large amount of internal debugging left enabled. It is con‐
206 trolled by means of the FC_DEBUG environment variable. The value of
207 this variable is interpreted as a number, and each bit within that
208 value controls different debugging messages.
209 Name Value Meaning
211 ---------------------------------------------------------
212 MATCH 1 Brief information about font matching
213 MATCHV 2 Extensive font matching information
214 EDIT 4 Monitor match/test/edit execution
215 FONTSET 8 Track loading of font information at startup
216 CACHE 16 Watch cache files being written
217 CACHEV 32 Extensive cache file writing information
218 PARSE 64 (no longer in use)
219 SCAN 128 Watch font files being scanned to build caches
220 SCANV 256 Verbose font file scanning information
221 MEMORY 512 Monitor fontconfig memory usage
222 CONFIG 1024 Monitor which config files are loaded
223 LANGSET 2048 Dump char sets used to construct lang values
224 MATCH2 4096 Display font-matching transformation in patterns
225 Add the value of the desired debug levels together and assign that (in
229 base 10) to the FC_DEBUG environment variable before running the appli‐
230 cation. Output from these statements is sent to stdout.
231
233 Each font in the database contains a list of languages it supports.
234 This is computed by comparing the Unicode coverage of the font with the
235 orthography of each language. Languages are tagged using an RFC-3066
236 compatible naming and occur in two parts -- the ISO 639 language tag
237 followed a hyphen and then by the ISO 3166 country code. The hyphen and
238 country code may be elided.
239 Fontconfig has orthographies for several languages built into the li‐
241 brary. No provision has been made for adding new ones aside from re‐
242 building the library. It currently supports 122 of the 139 languages
243 named in ISO 639-1, 141 of the languages with two-letter codes from ISO
244 639-2 and another 30 languages with only three-letter codes. Languages
245 with both two and three letter codes are provided with only the two
246 letter code.
247 For languages used in multiple territories with radically different
249 character sets, fontconfig includes per-territory orthographies. This
250 includes Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Pashto, Tigrinya and Chinese.
251
253 Configuration files for fontconfig are stored in XML format; this for‐
254 mat makes external configuration tools easier to write and ensures that
255 they will generate syntactically correct configuration files. As XML
256 files are plain text, they can also be manipulated by the expert user
257 using a text editor.
258 The fontconfig document type definition resides in the external entity
260 "fonts.dtd"; this is normally stored in the default font configuration
261 directory (/etc/fonts). Each configuration file should contain the fol‐
262 lowing structure:
263 <?xml version="1.0"?>
265 <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
266 <fontconfig>
267 ...
268 </fontconfig>
269 <FONTCONFIG>
273 This is the top level element for a font configuration and can contain
274 <dir>, <cachedir>, <include>, <match> and <alias> elements in any or‐
275 der.
276 <DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" SALT="">
278 This element contains a directory name which will be scanned for font
279 files to include in the set of available fonts.
280 If 'prefix' is set to "default" or "cwd", the current working directory
282 will be added as the path prefix prior to the value. If 'prefix' is set
283 to "xdg", the value in the XDG_DATA_HOME environment variable will be
284 added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification
285 for more details. If 'prefix' is set to "relative", the path of current
286 file will be added prior to the value.
287 'salt' property affects to determine cache filename. this is useful for
289 example when having different fonts sets on same path at container and
290 share fonts from host on different font path.
291 <CACHEDIR PREFIX="DEFAULT">
293 This element contains a directory name that is supposed to be stored or
294 read the cache of font information. If multiple elements are specified
295 in the configuration file, the directory that can be accessed first in
296 the list will be used to store the cache files. If it starts with '~',
297 it refers to a directory in the users home directory. If 'prefix' is
298 set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CACHE_HOME environment variable will
299 be added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specifica‐
300 tion for more details. The default directory is
301 ``$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig'' and it contains the cache files named
302 ``<hash value>-<architecture>.cache-<version>'', where <version> is the
303 fontconfig cache file version number (currently 8).
304 <INCLUDE IGNORE_MISSING="NO" PREFIX="DEFAULT">
306 This element contains the name of an additional configuration file or
307 directory. If a directory, every file within that directory starting
308 with an ASCII digit (U+0030 - U+0039) and ending with the string
309 ``.conf'' will be processed in sorted order. When the XML datatype is
310 traversed by FcConfigParse, the contents of the file(s) will also be
311 incorporated into the configuration by passing the filename(s) to Fc‐
312 ConfigLoadAndParse. If 'ignore_missing' is set to "yes" instead of the
313 default "no", a missing file or directory will elicit no warning mes‐
314 sage from the library. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the
315 XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable will be added as the path prefix.
316 please see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details.
317 <CONFIG>
319 This element provides a place to consolidate additional configuration
320 information. <config> can contain <blank> and <rescan> elements in any
321 order.
322 <DESCRIPTION DOMAIN="FONTCONFIG-CONF">
324 This element is supposed to hold strings which describe what a config
325 is used for. This string can be translated through gettext. 'domain'
326 needs to be set the proper name to apply then. fontconfig will tries
327 to retrieve translations with 'domain' from gettext.
328 <BLANK>
330 Fonts often include "broken" glyphs which appear in the encoding but
331 are drawn as blanks on the screen. Within the <blank> element, place
332 each Unicode characters which is supposed to be blank in an <int> ele‐
333 ment. Characters outside of this set which are drawn as blank will be
334 elided from the set of characters supported by the font.
335 <REMAP-DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" AS-PATH="" SALT="">
337 This element contains a directory name where will be mapped as the path
338 'as-path' in cached information. This is useful if the directory name
339 is an alias (via a bind mount or symlink) to another directory in the
340 system for which cached font information is likely to exist.
341 'salt' property affects to determine cache filename as same as <dir>
343 element.
344 <RESET-DIRS />
346 This element removes all of fonts directories where added by <dir> ele‐
347 ments. This is useful to override fonts directories from system to own
348 fonts directories only.
349 <RESCAN>
351 The <rescan> element holds an <int> element which indicates the default
352 interval between automatic checks for font configuration changes.
353 Fontconfig will validate all of the configuration files and directories
354 and automatically rebuild the internal datastructures when this inter‐
355 val passes.
356 <SELECTFONT>
358 This element is used to black/white list fonts from being listed or
359 matched against. It holds acceptfont and rejectfont elements.
360 <ACCEPTFONT>
362 Fonts matched by an acceptfont element are "whitelisted"; such fonts
363 are explicitly included in the set of fonts used to resolve list and
364 match requests; including them in this list protects them from being
365 "blacklisted" by a rejectfont element. Acceptfont elements include glob
366 and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
367 <REJECTFONT>
369 Fonts matched by an rejectfont element are "blacklisted"; such fonts
370 are excluded from the set of fonts used to resolve list and match re‐
371 quests as if they didn't exist in the system. Rejectfont elements in‐
372 clude glob and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
373 <GLOB>
375 Glob elements hold shell-style filename matching patterns (including ?
376 and *) which match fonts based on their complete pathnames. If it
377 starts with '~', it refers to a directory in the users home directory.
378 This can be used to exclude a set of directories (/usr/share/fonts/ug‐
379 lyfont*), or particular font file types (*.pcf.gz), but the latter
380 mechanism relies rather heavily on filenaming conventions which can't
381 be relied upon. Note that globs only apply to directories, not to indi‐
382 vidual fonts.
383 <PATTERN>
385 Pattern elements perform list-style matching on incoming fonts; that
386 is, they hold a list of elements and associated values. If all of those
387 elements have a matching value, then the pattern matches the font. This
388 can be used to select fonts based on attributes of the font (scalable,
389 bold, etc), which is a more reliable mechanism than using file exten‐
390 sions. Pattern elements include patelt elements.
391 <PATELT NAME="PROPERTY">
393 Patelt elements hold a single pattern element and list of values. They
394 must have a 'name' attribute which indicates the pattern element name.
395 Patelt elements include int, double, string, matrix, bool, charset and
396 const elements.
397 <MATCH TARGET="PATTERN">
399 This element holds first a (possibly empty) list of <test> elements and
400 then a (possibly empty) list of <edit> elements. Patterns which match
401 all of the tests are subjected to all the edits. If 'target' is set to
402 "font" instead of the default "pattern", then this element applies to
403 the font name resulting from a match rather than a font pattern to be
404 matched. If 'target' is set to "scan", then this element applies when
405 the font is scanned to build the fontconfig database.
406 <TEST QUAL="ANY" NAME="PROPERTY" TARGET="DEFAULT" COMPARE="EQ">
408 This element contains a single value which is compared with the target
409 ('pattern', 'font', 'scan' or 'default') property "property" (substi‐
410 tute any of the property names seen above). 'compare' can be one of
411 "eq", "not_eq", "less", "less_eq", "more", "more_eq", "contains" or
412 "not_contains". 'qual' may either be the default, "any", in which case
413 the match succeeds if any value associated with the property matches
414 the test value, or "all", in which case all of the values associated
415 with the property must match the test value. 'ignore-blanks' takes a
416 boolean value. if 'ignore-blanks' is set "true", any blanks in the
417 string will be ignored on its comparison. this takes effects only when
418 compare="eq" or compare="not_eq". When used in a <match target="font">
419 element, the target= attribute in the <test> element selects between
420 matching the original pattern or the font. "default" selects whichever
421 target the outer <match> element has selected.
422 <EDIT NAME="PROPERTY" MODE="ASSIGN" BINDING="WEAK">
424 This element contains a list of expression elements (any of the value
425 or operator elements). The expression elements are evaluated at run-
426 time and modify the property "property". The modification depends on
427 whether "property" was matched by one of the associated <test> ele‐
428 ments, if so, the modification may affect the first matched value. Any
429 values inserted into the property are given the indicated binding
430 ("strong", "weak" or "same") with "same" binding using the value from
431 the matched pattern element. 'mode' is one of:
432 Mode With Match Without Match
434 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
435 "assign" Replace matching value Replace all values
436 "assign_replace" Replace all values Replace all values
437 "prepend" Insert before matching Insert at head of list
438 "prepend_first" Insert at head of list Insert at head of list
439 "append" Append after matching Append at end of list
440 "append_last" Append at end of list Append at end of list
441 "delete" Delete matching value Delete all values
442 "delete_all" Delete all values Delete all values
443 <INT>, <DOUBLE>, <STRING>, <BOOL>
447 These elements hold a single value of the indicated type. <bool> ele‐
448 ments hold either true or false. An important limitation exists in the
449 parsing of floating point numbers -- fontconfig requires that the man‐
450 tissa start with a digit, not a decimal point, so insert a leading zero
451 for purely fractional values (e.g. use 0.5 instead of .5 and -0.5 in‐
452 stead of -.5).
453 <MATRIX>
455 This element holds four numerical expressions of an affine transforma‐
456 tion. At their simplest these will be four <double> elements but they
457 can also be more involved expressions.
458 <RANGE>
460 This element holds the two <int> elements of a range representation.
461 <CHARSET>
463 This element holds at least one <int> element of an Unicode code point
464 or more.
465 <LANGSET>
467 This element holds at least one <string> element of a RFC-3066-style
468 languages or more.
469 <NAME>
471 Holds a property name. Evaluates to the first value from the property
472 of the pattern. If the 'target' attribute is not present, it will de‐
473 fault to 'default', in which case the property is returned from the
474 font pattern during a target="font" match, and to the pattern during a
475 target="pattern" match. The attribute can also take the values 'font'
476 or 'pattern' to explicitly choose which pattern to use. It is an error
477 to use a target of 'font' in a match that has target="pattern".
478 <CONST>
480 Holds the name of a constant; these are always integers and serve as
481 symbolic names for common font values:
482 Constant Property Value
484 -------------------------------------
485 thin weight 0
486 extralight weight 40
487 ultralight weight 40
488 light weight 50
489 demilight weight 55
490 semilight weight 55
491 book weight 75
492 regular weight 80
493 normal weight 80
494 medium weight 100
495 demibold weight 180
496 semibold weight 180
497 bold weight 200
498 extrabold weight 205
499 ultrabold weight 205
500 black weight 210
501 heavy weight 210
502 extrablack weight 215
503 ultrablack weight 215
504 roman slant 0
505 italic slant 100
506 oblique slant 110
507 ultracondensed width 50
508 extracondensed width 63
509 condensed width 75
510 semicondensed width 87
511 normal width 100
512 semiexpanded width 113
513 expanded width 125
514 extraexpanded width 150
515 ultraexpanded width 200
516 proportional spacing 0
517 dual spacing 90
518 mono spacing 100
519 charcell spacing 110
520 unknown rgba 0
521 rgb rgba 1
522 bgr rgba 2
523 vrgb rgba 3
524 vbgr rgba 4
525 none rgba 5
526 lcdnone lcdfilter 0
527 lcddefault lcdfilter 1
528 lcdlight lcdfilter 2
529 lcdlegacy lcdfilter 3
530 hintnone hintstyle 0
531 hintslight hintstyle 1
532 hintmedium hintstyle 2
533 hintfull hintstyle 3
534 <OR>, <AND>, <PLUS>, <MINUS>, <TIMES>, <DIVIDE>
538 These elements perform the specified operation on a list of expression
539 elements. <or> and <and> are boolean, not bitwise.
540 <EQ>, <NOT_EQ>, <LESS>, <LESS_EQ>, <MORE>, <MORE_EQ>, <CONTAINS>, <NOT_CON‐
542 TAINS
543 These elements compare two values, producing a boolean result.
544 <NOT>
546 Inverts the boolean sense of its one expression element
547 <IF>
549 This element takes three expression elements; if the value of the first
550 is true, it produces the value of the second, otherwise it produces the
551 value of the third.
552 <ALIAS>
554 Alias elements provide a shorthand notation for the set of common match
555 operations needed to substitute one font family for another. They con‐
556 tain a <family> element followed by optional <prefer>, <accept> and
557 <default> elements. Fonts matching the <family> element are edited to
558 prepend the list of <prefer>ed families before the matching <family>,
559 append the <accept>able families after the matching <family> and append
560 the <default> families to the end of the family list.
561 <FAMILY>
563 Holds a single font family name
564 <PREFER>, <ACCEPT>, <DEFAULT>
566 These hold a list of <family> elements to be used by the <alias> ele‐
567 ment.
568
570 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION FILE
571 This is an example of a system-wide configuration file
572 <?xml version="1.0"?>
574 <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
575 <!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
576 <fontconfig>
577 <!--
578 Find fonts in these directories
579 -->
580 <dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
581 <dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts</dir>
582 <!--
584 Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
585 -->
586 <match target="pattern">
587 <test qual="any" name="family">
588 <string>mono</string>
589 </test>
590 <edit name="family" mode="assign">
591 <string>monospace</string>
592 </edit>
593 </match>
594 <!--
596 Names not including any well known alias are given 'sans-serif'
597 -->
598 <match target="pattern">
599 <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
600 <string>sans-serif</string>
601 </test>
602 <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
603 <string>serif</string>
604 </test>
605 <test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
606 <string>monospace</string>
607 </test>
608 <edit name="family" mode="append_last">
609 <string>sans-serif</string>
610 </edit>
611 </match>
612 <!--
614 Load per-user customization file, but don't complain
615 if it doesn't exist
616 -->
617 <include ignore_missing="yes" prefix="xdg">
618 fontconfig/fonts.conf
619 </include>
620 <!--
622 Load local customization files, but don't complain
623 if there aren't any
624 -->
625 <include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>
626 <include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>
627 <!--
629 Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts.
630 These substitute TrueType faces for similar Type1
631 faces to improve screen appearance.
632 -->
633 <alias>
634 <family>Times</family>
635 <prefer>
636 <family>Times New Roman</family>
637 </prefer>
638 <default>
639 <family>serif</family>
640 </default>
641 </alias>
642 <alias>
643 <family>Helvetica</family>
644 <prefer>
645 <family>Arial</family>
646 </prefer>
647 <default>
648 <family>sans</family>
649 </default>
650 </alias>
651 <alias>
652 <family>Courier</family>
653 <prefer>
654 <family>Courier New</family>
655 </prefer>
656 <default>
657 <family>monospace</family>
658 </default>
659 </alias>
660 <!--
662 Provide required aliases for standard names
663 Do these after the users configuration file so that
664 any aliases there are used preferentially
665 -->
666 <alias>
667 <family>serif</family>
668 <prefer>
669 <family>Times New Roman</family>
670 </prefer>
671 </alias>
672 <alias>
673 <family>sans</family>
674 <prefer>
675 <family>Arial</family>
676 </prefer>
677 </alias>
678 <alias>
679 <family>monospace</family>
680 <prefer>
681 <family>Andale Mono</family>
682 </prefer>
683 </alias>
684 <--
686 The example of the requirements of OR operator;
687 If the 'family' contains 'Courier New' OR 'Courier'
688 add 'monospace' as the alternative
689 -->
690 <match target="pattern">
691 <test name="family" compare="eq">
692 <string>Courier New</string>
693 </test>
694 <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
695 <string>monospace</string>
696 </edit>
697 </match>
698 <match target="pattern">
699 <test name="family" compare="eq">
700 <string>Courier</string>
701 </test>
702 <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
703 <string>monospace</string>
704 </edit>
705 </match>
706 </fontconfig>
708 USER CONFIGURATION FILE
712 This is an example of a per-user configuration file that lives in
713 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
714 <?xml version="1.0"?>
716 <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
717 <!--
718 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf for per-user font configuration
719 -->
720 <fontconfig>
721 <!--
723 Private font directory
724 -->
725 <dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir>
726 <!--
728 use rgb sub-pixel ordering to improve glyph appearance on
729 LCD screens. Changes affecting rendering, but not matching
730 should always use target="font".
731 -->
732 <match target="font">
733 <edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
734 <const>rgb</const>
735 </edit>
736 </match>
737 <!--
738 use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font when serif is requested for Chinese
739 -->
740 <match>
741 <!--
742 If you don't want to use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font for zh-tw etc,
743 you can use zh-cn instead of zh.
744 Please note, even if you set zh-cn, it still matches zh.
745 if you don't like it, you can use compare="eq"
746 instead of compare="contains".
747 -->
748 <test name="lang" compare="contains">
749 <string>zh</string>
750 </test>
751 <test name="family">
752 <string>serif</string>
753 </test>
754 <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
755 <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
756 </edit>
757 </match>
758 <!--
759 use VL Gothic font when sans-serif is requested for Japanese
760 -->
761 <match>
762 <test name="lang" compare="contains">
763 <string>ja</string>
764 </test>
765 <test name="family">
766 <string>sans-serif</string>
767 </test>
768 <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
769 <string>VL Gothic</string>
770 </edit>
771 </match>
772 </fontconfig>
773
777 fonts.conf contains configuration information for the fontconfig li‐
778 brary consisting of directories to look at for font information as well
779 as instructions on editing program specified font patterns before at‐
780 tempting to match the available fonts. It is in XML format.
781 conf.d is the conventional name for a directory of additional configu‐
783 ration files managed by external applications or the local administra‐
784 tor. The filenames starting with decimal digits are sorted in lexico‐
785 graphic order and used as additional configuration files. All of these
786 files are in XML format. The master fonts.conf file references this di‐
787 rectory in an <include> directive.
788 fonts.dtd is a DTD that describes the format of the configuration
790 files.
791 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d and ~/.fonts.conf.d is the conven‐
793 tional name for a per-user directory of (typically auto-generated) con‐
794 figuration files, although the actual location is specified in the
795 global fonts.conf file. please note that ~/.fonts.conf.d is deprecated
796 now. it will not be read by default in the future version.
797 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf and ~/.fonts.conf is the conven‐
799 tional location for per-user font configuration, although the actual
800 location is specified in the global fonts.conf file. please note that
801 ~/.fonts.conf is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the
802 future version.
803 $XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig/*.cache-* and ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is
805 the conventional repository of font information that isn't found in the
806 per-directory caches. This file is automatically maintained by fontcon‐
807 fig. please note that ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is deprecated now. it
808 will not be read by default in the future version.
809
811 FONTCONFIG_FILE is used to override the default configuration file.
812 FONTCONFIG_PATH is used to override the default configuration direc‐
814 tory.
815 FONTCONFIG_SYSROOT is used to set a default sysroot directory.
817 FC_DEBUG is used to output the detailed debugging messages. see Debug‐
819 ging Applications section for more details.
820 FC_DBG_MATCH_FILTER is used to filter out the patterns. this takes a
822 comma-separated list of object names and effects only when FC_DEBUG has
823 MATCH2. see Debugging Applications section for more details.
824 FC_LANG is used to specify the default language as the weak binding in
826 the query. if this isn't set, the default language will be determined
827 from current locale.
828 FONTCONFIG_USE_MMAP is used to control the use of mmap(2) for the cache
830 files if available. this take a boolean value. fontconfig will checks
831 if the cache files are stored on the filesystem that is safe to use
832 mmap(2). explicitly setting this environment variable will causes skip‐
833 ping this check and enforce to use or not use mmap(2) anyway.
834 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is used to ensure fc-cache(1) generates files in a
836 deterministic manner in order to support reproducible builds. When set
837 to a numeric representation of UNIX timestamp, fontconfig will prefer
838 this value over using the modification timestamps of the input files in
839 order to identify which cache files require regeneration. If
840 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is not set (or is newer than the mtime of the direc‐
841 tory), the existing behaviour is unchanged.
842
844 fc-cat(1), fc-cache(1), fc-list(1), fc-match(1), fc-query(1),
845 SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH <URL:https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-
846 date-epoch/>.
847
849 Fontconfig version 2.14.2
850 27 1月 2023 FONTS-CONF(5)