1Mail::Message::Body(3)User Contributed Perl DocumentationMail::Message::Body(3)
2
6 Mail::Message::Body - the data of a body in a message
7
9 Mail::Message::Body has extra code in
10 Mail::Message::Body::Construct
11 Mail::Message::Body::Encode
12 Mail::Message::Body
14 is a Mail::Reporter
15 Mail::Message::Body is extended by
17 Mail::Message::Body::File
18 Mail::Message::Body::Lines
19 Mail::Message::Body::Multipart
20 Mail::Message::Body::Nested
21 Mail::Message::Body::String
22 Mail::Message::Body is realized by
24 Mail::Message::Body::Delayed
25
27 my Mail::Message $msg = ...;
28 my $body = $msg->body;
29 my @text = $body->lines;
30 my $text = $body->string;
31 my $file = $body->file; # IO::File
32 $body->print(\*FILE);
33 my $content_type = $body->type;
35 my $transfer_encoding = $body->transferEncoding;
36 my $encoded = $body->encode(mime_type => 'text/html',
37 charset => 'us-ascii', transfer_encoding => 'none');\n";
38 my $decoded = $body->decoded;
39
41 The encoding and decoding functionality of a Mail::Message::Body is
42 implemented in the Mail::Message::Body::Encode package. That package
43 is automatically loaded when encoding and decoding of messages needs to
44 take place. Methods to simply build an process body objects are
45 implemented in Mail::Message::Body::Construct.
46 The body of a message (a Mail::Message object) is stored in one of the
48 many body types. The functionality of each body type is equivalent,
49 but there are performance differences. Each body type has its own
50 documentation with details about its implementation.
51 Extends "DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Reporter.
53
55 overload: ""
56 (stringification) Returns the body as string --which will trigger
57 completion-- unless called to produce a string for "Carp". The
58 latter to avoid deep recursions.
59 example: stringification of body
61 print $msg->body; # implicit by print
63 my $body = $msg->body;
65 my $x = "$body"; # explicit by interpolation
66 overload: '==' and '!='
68 (numeric comparison) compares if two references point to the same
69 message. This only produces correct results is both arguments are
70 message references within the same folder.
71 example: use of numeric comparison on a body
73 my $skip = $folder->message(3);
75 foreach my $msg (@$folder)
76 { next if $msg == $skip;
77 $msg->send;
78 }
79 overload: @{}
81 When a body object is used as being an array reference, the lines
82 of the body are returned. This is the same as using lines().
83 example: using a body as array
85 print $body->lines->[1]; # second line
87 print $body->[1]; # same
88 my @lines = $body->lines;
90 my @lines = @$body; # same
91 overload: bool
93 Always returns a true value, which is needed to have overloaded
94 objects to be used as in if($body). Otherwise, "if(defined $body)"
95 would be needed to avoid a runtime error.
96
98 Extends "METHODS" in Mail::Reporter.
99 Constructors
101 Extends "Constructors" in Mail::Reporter.
102 $obj->clone()
104 Return a copy of this body, usually to be included in a cloned
105 message. Use Mail::Message::clone() for a whole message.
106 Mail::Message::Body->new(%options)
108 BE WARNED that, what you specify here are encodings and such which
109 are already in place. The options will not trigger conversions.
110 When you need conversions, first create a body with options which
111 tell what you've got, and then call encode() for what you need.
112 -Option --Defined in --Default
114 based_on undef
115 charset 'PERL' or <undef>
116 checked <false>
117 content_id undef
118 data undef
119 description undef
120 disposition undef
121 eol 'NATIVE'
122 file undef
123 filename undef
124 log Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS'
125 message undef
126 mime_type 'text/plain'
127 modified <false>
128 trace Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS'
129 transfer_encoding 'none'
130 based_on => BODY
132 The information about encodings must be taken from the specified
133 BODY, unless specified differently.
134 charset => CHARSET|'PERL'
136 Defines the character-set which is used in the data. Only useful
137 in combination with a "mime_type" which refers to "text" in any
138 shape, which does not contain an explicit charset already. This
139 field is case-insensitive.
140 When a known CHARSET is provided and the mime type says "text",
142 then the data is expected to be bytes in that particular encoding
143 (see Encode). When 'PERL' is given, then then the data is in
144 Perl's internal encoding (either latin1 or utf8, you shouldn't
145 know!) More details in "Character encoding PERL"
146 checked => BOOLEAN
148 Whether the added information has been check not to contain
149 illegal octets with respect to the transfer encoding and mime
150 type. If not checked, and then set as body for a message, it
151 will be.
152 content_id => STRING
154 In multipart/related MIME content, the content_id is required to
155 allow access to the related content via a cid:<...> descriptor of
156 an inline disposition.
157 A "Content-ID" is supposed to be globally unique. As such, it is
159 common to append '@computer.domain' to the end of some unique
160 string. As other content in the multipart/related container also
161 needs to know what this "Content-ID" is, this should be left to
162 the imagination of the person making the content (for now).
163 As a MIME header field, the "Content-ID" string is expected to be
165 inside angle brackets
166 data => ARRAY-OF-LINES | STRING
168 The content of the body. The only way to set the content of a
169 body is during the creation of the body. So if you want to
170 modify the content of a message, you need to create a new body
171 with the new content and add that to the body. The reason behind
172 this, is that correct encodings and body information must be
173 guaranteed. It avoids your hassle in calculating the number of
174 lines in the body, and checking whether bad characters are
175 enclosed in text.
176 Specify a reference to an ARRAY of lines, each terminated by a
178 newline. Or one STRING which may contain multiple lines,
179 separated and terminated by a newline.
180 description => STRING|FIELD
182 Informal information about the body content. The data relates to
183 the "Content-Description" field. Specify a STRING which will
184 become the field content, or a real FIELD.
185 disposition => STRING|FIELD
187 How this message can be decomposed. The data relates to the
188 "Content-Disposition" field. Specify a STRING which will become
189 the field content, or a real FIELD.
190 The content of this field is specified in RFC 1806. The body of
192 the field can be "inline", to indicate that the body is intended
193 to be displayed automatically upon display of the message. Use
194 "attachment" to indicate that they are separate from the main
195 body of the mail message, and that their display should not be
196 automatic, but contingent upon some further action of the user.
197 The "filename" attribute specifies a name to which is suggested
199 to the reader of the message when it is extracted.
200 eol => 'CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'
202 Convert the message into having the specified string as line
203 terminator for all lines in the body. "NATIVE" is used to
204 represent the "\n" on the current platform and will be translated
205 in the applicable one.
206 BE WARNED that folders with a non-native encoding may appear on
208 your platform, for instance in Windows folders handled from a
209 UNIX system. The eol encoding has effect on the size of the
210 body!
211 file => FILENAME|FILEHANDLE|IOHANDLE
213 Read the data from the specified file, file handle, or object of
214 type "IO::Handle".
215 filename => FILENAME
217 [3.001] Overrule/set filename for content-disposition
218 log => LEVEL
220 message => MESSAGE
221 The message where this body belongs to.
222 mime_type => STRING|FIELD|MIME
224 The type of data which is added. You may specify a content of a
225 header line as STRING, or a FIELD object. You may also specify a
226 MIME::Type object. In any case, it will be kept internally as a
227 real field (a Mail::Message::Field object). This relates to the
228 "Content-Type" header field.
229 A mime-type specification consists of two parts: a general class
231 ("text", "image", "application", etc) and a specific sub-class.
232 Examples for specific classes with "text" are "plain", "html",
233 and "xml". This field is case-insensitive but case preserving.
234 The default mime-type is "text/plain",
235 modified => BOOLEAN
237 Whether the body is flagged modified, directly from its creation.
238 trace => LEVEL
240 transfer_encoding => STRING|FIELD
241 The encoding that the data has. If the data is to be encoded,
242 than you will have to call encode() after the body is created.
243 That will return a new encoded body. This field is case-
244 insensitive and relates to the "Content-Transfer-Encoding" field
245 in the header.
246 example:
248 my $body = Mail::Message::Body::String->new(file => \*IN,
250 mime_type => 'text/html; charset="ISO-8859-1"');
251 my $body = Mail::Message::Body::Lines->new(data => ['first', $second],
253 charset => 'ISO-10646', transfer_encoding => 'none');
254 my $body = Mail::Message::Body::Lines->new(data => \@lines,
256 transfer_encoding => 'base64');
257 my $body = Mail::Message::Body::Lines->new(file => 'picture.gif',
259 mime_type => 'image/gif', content_id => '<12345@example.com>',
260 disposition => 'inline');
261 Constructing a body
263 $obj->attach($messages, %options)
264 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in
265 Mail::Message::Body::Construct
266 $obj->check()
268 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
269 $obj->concatenate($components)
271 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in
272 Mail::Message::Body::Construct
273 $obj->decoded(%options)
275 Returns a body, an object which is (a sub-)class of a
276 Mail::Message::Body, which contains a simplified representation of
277 textual data. The returned object may be the object where this is
278 called on, but may also be a new body of any type.
279 my $dec = $body->decoded;
281 is equivalent with
283 my $dec = $body->encode
285 ( mime_type => 'text/plain'
286 , transfer_encoding => 'none'
287 , charset => 'PERL'
288 );
289 The $dec which is returned is a body. Ask with the mimeType()
291 method what is produced. This $dec body is not related to a
292 header.
293 -Option --Default
295 result_type <same as current>
296 result_type => CLASS
298 $obj->encode(%options)
299 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
300 $obj->encoded()
302 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
303 $obj->eol( ['CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'] )
305 Returns the character (or characters) which are used to separate
306 lines within this body. When a kind of separator is specified, the
307 body is translated to contain the specified line endings.
308 example:
310 my $body = $msg->decoded->eol('NATIVE');
312 my $char = $msg->decoded->eol;
313 $obj->foreachLine(CODE)
315 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in
316 Mail::Message::Body::Construct
317 $obj->stripSignature(%options)
319 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in
320 Mail::Message::Body::Construct
321 $obj->unify($body)
323 Inherited, see "Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
324 The body
326 $obj->isDelayed()
327 Returns a true or false value, depending on whether the body of
328 this message has been read from file. This can only false for a
329 Mail::Message::Body::Delayed.
330 $obj->isMultipart()
332 Returns whether this message-body contains parts which are messages
333 by themselves.
334 $obj->isNested()
336 Only true for a message body which contains exactly one sub-
337 message: the "Mail::Message::Body::Nested" body type.
338 $obj->message( [$message] )
340 Returns the message (or message part) where this body belongs to,
341 optionally setting it to a new $message first. If "undef" is
342 passed, the body will be disconnected from the message.
343 $obj->partNumberOf($part)
345 Returns a string for multiparts and nested, otherwise an error. It
346 is used in Mail::Message::partNumber().
347 About the payload
349 $obj->charset()
350 Returns the character set which is used in the text body as string.
351 This is part of the result of what the "type" method returns.
352 $obj->checked( [BOOLEAN] )
354 Returns whether the body encoding has been checked or not
355 (optionally after setting the flag to a new value).
356 $obj->contentId( [STRING|$field] )
358 Returns (optionally after setting) the id (unique reference) of a
359 message part. The related header field is "Content-ID". A
360 Mail::Message::Field object is returned (which stringifies into the
361 field content). The field content will be "none" if no disposition
362 was specified.
363 The argument can be a STRING (which is converted into a field), or
365 a fully prepared header $field.
366 $obj->description( [STRING|$field] )
368 Returns (optionally after setting) the informal description of the
369 body content. The related header field is "Content-Description".
370 A Mail::Message::Field object is returned (which stringifies into
371 the field content). The field content will be "none" if no
372 disposition was specified.
373 The argument can be a STRING (which is converted into a field), or
375 a fully prepared header field.
376 $obj->disposition( [STRING|$field] )
378 Returns (optionally after setting) how the message can be disposed
379 (unpacked). The related header field is "Content-Disposition". A
380 Mail::Message::Field object is returned (which stringifies into the
381 field content). The field content will be "none" if no disposition
382 was specified.
383 The argument can be a STRING (which is converted into a field), or
385 a fully prepared header field.
386 $obj->dispositionFilename( [$directory] )
388 Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
389 $obj->isBinary()
391 Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
392 $obj->isText()
394 Inherited, see "About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
395 $obj->mimeType()
397 Returns a MIME::Type object which is related to this body's type.
398 This differs from the "type" method, which results in a
399 Mail::Message::Field.
400 example:
402 if($body->mimeType eq 'text/html') {...}
404 print $body->mimeType->simplified;
405 $obj->nrLines()
407 Returns the number of lines in the message body. For multi-part
408 messages, this includes the header lines and boundaries of all the
409 parts.
410 $obj->size()
412 The total number of bytes in the message body. The size of the body
413 is computed in the shape it is in. For example, if this is a base64
414 encoded message, the size of the encoded data is returned; you may
415 want to call Mail::Message::decoded() first.
416 $obj->transferEncoding( [STRING|$field] )
418 Returns the transfer-encoding of the data within this body as
419 Mail::Message::Field (which stringifies to its content). If it
420 needs to be changed, call the encode() or decoded() method. When
421 no encoding is present, the field contains the text "none".
422 The optional STRING or $field enforces a new encoding to be set,
424 without the actual required translations.
425 example:
427 my $transfer = $msg->decoded->transferEncoding;
429 $transfer->print; # --> Content-Encoding: base64
430 print $transfer; # --> base64
431 if($msg->body->transferEncoding eq 'none') {...}
433 $obj->type( [STRING|$field] )
435 Returns the type of information the body contains as
436 Mail::Message::Field object. The type is taken from the header
437 field "Content-Type". If the header did not contain that field,
438 then you will get a default field containing "text/plain".
439 You usually can better use mimeType(), because that will return a
441 clever object with type information.
442 example:
444 my $msg = $folder->message(6);
446 $msg->get('Content-Type')->print;
447 # --> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
448 my $content = $msg->decoded;
450 my $type = $content->type;
451 print "This is a $type message\n";
453 # --> This is a text/plain; charset="us-ascii" message
454 print "This is a ", $type->body, "message\n";
456 # --> This is a text/plain message
457 print "Comment: ", $type->comment, "\n";
459 # --> Comment: charset="us-ascii"
460 Access to the payload
462 $obj->endsOnNewline()
463 Returns whether the last line of the body is terminated by a new-
464 line (in transport it will become a CRLF). An empty body will
465 return true as well: the newline comes from the line before it.
466 $obj->file()
468 Return the content of the body as a file handle. The returned
469 stream may be a real file, or a simulated file in any form that
470 Perl supports. While you may not be able to write to the file
471 handle, you can read from it.
472 WARNING: Even if the file handle supports writing, do not write to
474 the file handle. If you do, some of the internal values of the
475 Mail::Message::Body may not be updated.
476 $obj->lines()
478 Return the content of the body as a list of lines (in LIST context)
479 or a reference to an array of lines (in SCALAR context). In scalar
480 context the array of lines is cached to avoid needless copying and
481 therefore provide much faster access for large messages.
482 To just get the number of lines in the body, use the nrLines()
484 method, which is usually much more efficient.
485 BE WARNED: For some types of bodies the reference will refer to the
487 original data. You must not change the referenced data! If you do,
488 some of the essential internal variables of the Mail::Message::Body
489 may not be updated.
490 example:
492 my @lines = $body->lines; # copies lines
494 my $line3 = ($body->lines)[3] # only one copy
495 print $lines[0];
496 my $linesref = $body->lines; # reference to originals
498 my $line3 = $body->lines->[3] # only one copy (faster)
499 print $linesref->[0];
500 print $body->[0]; # by overloading
502 $obj->print( [$fh] )
504 Print the body to the specified $fh (defaults to the selected
505 handle). The handle may be a GLOB, an IO::File object, or... any
506 object with a print() method will do. Nothing useful is returned.
507 $obj->printEscapedFrom($fh)
509 Print the body to the specified $fh but all lines which start with
510 'From ' (optionally already preceded by >'s) will habe an > added
511 in front. Nothing useful is returned.
512 $obj->string()
514 Return the content of the body as a scalar (a single string). This
515 is a copy of the internally kept information.
516 example:
518 my $text = $body->string;
520 print "Body: $body\n"; # by overloading
521 $obj->stripTrailingNewline()
523 Remove the newline from the last line, or the last line if it does
524 not contain anything else than a newline.
525 $obj->write(%options)
527 Write the content of the body to a file. Be warned that you may
528 want to decode the body before writing it!
529 -Option --Default
531 filename <required>
532 filename => FILENAME
534 example: write the data to a file
536 use File::Temp;
538 my $fn = tempfile;
539 $message->decoded->write(filename => $fn)
540 or die "Couldn't write to $fn: $!\n";
541 example: using the content-disposition information to write
543 use File::Temp;
545 my $dir = tempdir; mkdir $dir or die;
546 my $fn = $message->body->dispositionFilename($dir);
547 $message->decoded->write(filename => $fn)
548 or die "Couldn't write to $fn: $!\n";
549 Internals
551 $obj->addTransferEncHandler( $name, <$class|$object> )
552 Mail::Message::Body->addTransferEncHandler( $name, <$class|$object> )
553 Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
554 $obj->contentInfoFrom($head)
556 Transfer the body related info from the header into this body.
557 $obj->contentInfoTo($head)
559 Copy the content information (the "Content-*" fields) into the
560 specified $head. The body was created from raw data without the
561 required information, which must be added. See also
562 contentInfoFrom().
563 $obj->fileLocation( [$begin, $end] )
565 The location of the body in the file. Returned a list containing
566 begin and end. The begin is the offsets of the first byte if the
567 folder used for this body. The end is the offset of the first byte
568 of the next message.
569 $obj->getTransferEncHandler($type)
571 Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Body::Encode
572 $obj->isModified()
574 Returns whether the body has changed.
575 $obj->load()
577 Be sure that the body is loaded. This returns the loaded body.
578 $obj->modified( [BOOLEAN] )
580 Change the body modification flag. This will force a re-write of
581 the body to a folder file when it is closed. It is quite dangerous
582 to change the body: the same body may be shared between messages
583 within your program.
584 Especially be warned that you have to change the message-id when
586 you change the body of the message: no two messages should have the
587 same id.
588 Without value, the current setting is returned, although you can
590 better use isModified().
591 $obj->moveLocation( [$distance] )
593 Move the registration of the message to a new location over
594 $distance. This is called when the message is written to a new
595 version of the same folder-file.
596 $obj->read( $parser, $head, $bodytype, [$chars, [$lines]] )
598 Read the body with the $parser from file. The implementation of
599 this method will differ between types of bodies. The $bodytype
600 argument is a class name or a code reference of a routine which can
601 produce a class name, and is used in multipart bodies to determine
602 the type of the body for each part.
603 The $chars argument is the estimated number of bytes in the body,
605 or "undef" when this is not known. This data can sometimes be
606 derived from the header (the "Content-Length" line) or file-size.
607 The second argument is the estimated number of $lines of the body.
609 It is less useful than the $chars but may be of help determining
610 whether the message separator is trustworthy. This value may be
611 found in the "Lines" field of the header.
612 Error handling
614 Extends "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter.
615 $obj->AUTOLOAD()
617 When an unknown method is called on a message body object, this may
618 not be problematic. For performance reasons, some methods are
619 implemented in separate files, and only demand-loaded. If this
620 delayed compilation of additional modules does not help, an error
621 will be produced.
622 $obj->addReport($object)
624 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
625 $obj->defaultTrace( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level,
627 $callback] )
628 Mail::Message::Body->defaultTrace( [$level]|[$loglevel,
629 $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] )
630 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
631 $obj->errors()
633 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
634 $obj->log( [$level, [$strings]] )
636 Mail::Message::Body->log( [$level, [$strings]] )
637 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
638 $obj->logPriority($level)
640 Mail::Message::Body->logPriority($level)
641 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
642 $obj->logSettings()
644 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
645 $obj->notImplemented()
647 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
648 $obj->report( [$level] )
650 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
651 $obj->reportAll( [$level] )
653 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
654 $obj->trace( [$level] )
656 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
657 $obj->warnings()
659 Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
660 Cleanup
662 Extends "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter.
663 $obj->DESTROY()
665 Inherited, see "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter
666
668 Access to the body
669 A body can be contained in a message, but may also live without a
670 message. In both cases it stores data, and the same questions can be
671 asked: what type of data it is, how many bytes and lines, what encoding
672 is used. Any body can be encoded and decoded, returning a new body
673 object. However, bodies which are part of a message will always be in
674 a shape that they can be written to a file or send to somewhere: they
675 will be encoded if needed.
676 . Example
678 my $body = Mail::Message::Body::String->new(mime_type => 'image/gif');
680 $body->print(\*OUT); # this is binary image data...
681 my $encoded = $message->body($body);
683 $encoded->print(\*OUT); # ascii data, encoded image
684 Now encoded refers to the body of the $message which is the content of
686 $body in a shape that it can be transmitted. Usually "base64" encoding
687 is used.
688 Body class implementation
690 The body of a message can be stored in many ways. Roughly, the
691 implementations can be split in two groups: the data collectors and the
692 complex bodies. The primer implement various ways to access data, and
693 are full compatible: they only differ in performance and memory
694 footprint under different circumstances. The latter are created to
695 handle complex multiparts and lazy extraction.
696 Data collector bodies
698 • Mail::Message::Body::String
700 The whole message body is stored in one scalar. Small messages can
702 be contained this way without performance penalties.
703 • Mail::Message::Body::Lines
705 Each line of the message body is stored as single scalar. This is
707 a useful representation for a detailed look in the message body,
708 which is usually line-organized.
709 • Mail::Message::Body::File
711 The message body is stored in an external temporary file. This
713 type of storage is especially useful when the body is large, the
714 total folder is large, or memory is limited.
715 • Mail::Message::Body::InFolder
717 NOT IMPLEMENTED YET. The message is kept in the folder, and is
719 only taken out when the content is changed.
720 • Mail::Message::Body::External
722 NOT IMPLEMENTED YET. The message is kept in a separate file,
724 usually because the message body is large. The difference with the
725 "::External" object is that this external storage stays this way
726 between closing and opening of a folder. The "::External" object
727 only uses a file when the folder is open.
728 Complex bodies
730 • Mail::Message::Body::Delayed
732 The message-body is not yet read, but the exact location of the
734 body is known so the message can be read when needed. This is part
735 of the lazy extraction mechanism. Once extracted, the object can
736 become any simple or complex body.
737 • Mail::Message::Body::Multipart
739 The message body contains a set of sub-messages (which can contain
741 multipart bodies themselves). Each sub-message is an instance of
742 Mail::Message::Part, which is an extension of Mail::Message.
743 • Mail::Message::Body::Nested
745 Nested messages, like "message/rfc822": they contain a message in
747 the body. For most code, they simply behave like multiparts.
748 Character encoding PERL
750 A body object can be part of a message, or stand-alone. In case it is
751 a part of a message, the "transport encoding" and the content must be
752 in a shape that the data can be transported via SMTP.
753 However, when you want to process the body data in simple Perl (or when
755 you construct the body data from normal Perl strings), you need to be
756 aware of Perl's internal representation of strings. That can either be
757 latin1 or utf8 (not real UTF-8, but something alike, see the
758 perlunicode manual page) So, before you start using the data from an
759 incoming message, do
760 my $body = $msg->decoded;
762 my @lines = $body->lines;
763 Now, the body has character-set 'PERL' (when it is text)
765 When you create a new body which contains text content (the default),
767 it will be created with character-set 'PERL' unless you specify a
768 character-set explicitly.
769 my $body = Mail::Box::Body::Lines->new(data => \@lines);
771 # now mime=text/plain, charset=PERL
772 my $msg = Mail::Message->buildFromBody($body);
774 $msg->body($body);
775 $msg->attach($body); # etc
776 # these all will convert the charset=PERL into real utf-8
777
779 Warning: Charset $name is not known
780 The encoding or decoding of a message body encounters a character
781 set which is not understood by Perl's Encode module.
782 Warning: No decoder defined for transfer encoding $name.
784 The data (message body) is encoded in a way which is not currently
785 understood, therefore no decoding (or recoding) can take place.
786 Warning: No encoder defined for transfer encoding $name.
788 The data (message body) has been decoded, but the required encoding
789 is unknown. The decoded data is returned.
790 Error: Package $package does not implement $method.
792 Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does
793 not implement this method where it should. This message means that
794 some other related classes do implement this method however the
795 class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and
796 probably inform the author of the package.
797 Warning: Unknown line terminator $eol ignored
799
801 This module is part of Mail-Message distribution version 3.012, built
802 on February 11, 2022. Website: http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/
803
805 Copyrights 2001-2022 by [Mark Overmeer <markov@cpan.org>]. For other
806 contributors see ChangeLog.
807 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
809 under the same terms as Perl itself. See http://dev.perl.org/licenses/
810perl v5.36.0 2023-01-20 Mail::Message::Body(3)