1FIREWALLD.ZONES(5) firewalld.zones FIREWALLD.ZONES(5)
2
6 firewalld.zones - firewalld zones
7
9 What is a zone?
10 A network zone defines the level of trust for network connections. This
11 is a one to many relation, which means that a connection can only be
12 part of one zone, but a zone can be used for many network connections.
13 The zone defines the firewall features that are enabled in this zone:
15 Intra Zone Forwarding
17 Allows packets received by a zone to be forwarded to other
18 interfaces or sources within the same zone, even if the zone's
19 target is not ACCEPT.
20 Predefined services
22 A service is a combination of port and/or protocol entries.
23 Optionally netfilter helper modules can be added and also a IPv4
24 and IPv6 destination address.
25 Ports and protocols
27 Definition of tcp, udp, sctp or dccp ports, where ports can be a
28 single port or a port range.
29 ICMP blocks
31 Blocks selected Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages.
32 These messages are either information requests or created as a
33 reply to information requests or in error conditions.
34 ICMP block inversion
36 Changes how ICMP messages are handled. When enabled, all ICMP
37 message types are blocked, except for those in the ICMP block list.
38 Masquerading
40 The addresses of a private network are mapped to and hidden behind
41 a public IP address. This is a form of address translation.
42 Forward ports
44 A forward port is either mapped to the same port on another host or
45 to another port on the same host or to another port on another
46 host.
47 Rich language rules
49 The rich language extends the elements (service, port, icmp-block,
50 masquerade, forward-port and source-port) with additional source
51 and destination addresses, logging, actions and limits for logs and
52 actions. It can also be used for host or network white and black
53 listing (for more information, please have a look at
54 firewalld.richlanguage(5)).
55 For more information on the zone file format, please have a look at
57 firewalld.zone(5).
58 Which zones are available?
60 Here are the zones provided by firewalld sorted according to the
61 default trust level of the zones from untrusted to trusted:
62 drop
64 Any incoming network packets are dropped, there is no reply. Only
65 outgoing network connections are possible.
66 block
68 Any incoming network connections are rejected with an
69 icmp-host-prohibited message for IPv4 and icmp6-adm-prohibited for
70 IPv6. Only network connections initiated within this system are
71 possible.
72 public
74 For use in public areas. You do not trust the other computers on
75 networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming
76 connections are accepted.
77 external
79 For use on external networks with masquerading enabled especially
80 for routers. You do not trust the other computers on networks to
81 not harm your computer. Only selected incoming connections are
82 accepted.
83 dmz
85 For computers in your demilitarized zone that are
86 publicly-accessible with limited access to your internal network.
87 Only selected incoming connections are accepted.
88 work
90 For use in work areas. You mostly trust the other computers on
91 networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming
92 connections are accepted.
93 home
95 For use in home areas. You mostly trust the other computers on
96 networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming
97 connections are accepted.
98 internal
100 For use on internal networks. You mostly trust the other computers
101 on the networks to not harm your computer. Only selected incoming
102 connections are accepted.
103 trusted
105 All network connections are accepted.
106 Which zone should be used?
108 A public WIFI network connection for example should be mainly
109 untrusted, a wired home network connection should be fairly trusted.
110 Select the zone that best matches the network you are using.
111 How to configure or add zones?
113 To configure or add zones you can either use one of the firewalld
114 interfaces to handle and change the configuration: These are the
115 graphical configuration tool firewall-config, the command line tool
116 firewall-cmd or the D-Bus interface. Or you can create or copy a zone
117 file in one of the configuration directories. /usr/lib/firewalld/zones
118 is used for default and fallback configurations and
119 /etc/firewalld/zones is used for user created and customized
120 configuration files.
121 How to set or change a zone for a connection?
123 The zone is stored into the ifcfg of the connection with ZONE= option.
124 If the option is missing or empty, the default zone set in firewalld is
125 used.
126 If the connection is controlled by NetworkManager, you can also use
128 nm-connection-editor to change the zone.
129 For the addition or change of interfaces that are not under control of
131 NetworkManager: firewalld tries to change the ZONE setting in the ifcfg
132 file, if an ifcfg file exists that is using the interface.
133 Only for the removal of interfaces that are not under control of
135 NetworkManager: firewalld is not trying to change the ZONE setting in
136 the ifcfg file. This is needed to make sure that an ifdown of the
137 interface will not result in a reset of the zone setting to the default
138 zone. Only the zone binding is then removed in firewalld then.
139
141 firewall-applet(1), firewalld(1), firewall-cmd(1), firewall-config(1),
142 firewalld.conf(5), firewalld.direct(5), firewalld.dbus(5),
143 firewalld.icmptype(5), firewalld.lockdown-whitelist(5), firewall-
144 offline-cmd(1), firewalld.richlanguage(5), firewalld.service(5),
145 firewalld.zone(5), firewalld.zones(5), firewalld.policy(5),
146 firewalld.policies(5), firewalld.ipset(5), firewalld.helper(5)
147
149 firewalld home page:
150 http://firewalld.org
151 More documentation with examples:
153 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/FirewallD
154
156 Thomas Woerner <twoerner@redhat.com>
157 Developer
158 Jiri Popelka <jpopelka@redhat.com>
160 Developer
161 Eric Garver <eric@garver.life>
163 Developer
164firewalld 1.3.4 FIREWALLD.ZONES(5)