1DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)                   dracut                   DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)
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NAME

6       dracut.cmdline - dracut kernel command line options
7

DESCRIPTION

9       The root device used by the kernel is specified in the boot
10       configuration file on the kernel command line, as always.
11
12       The traditional root=/dev/sda1 style device specification is allowed,
13       but not encouraged. The root device should better be identified by
14       LABEL or UUID. If a label is used, as in root=LABEL=<label_of_root> the
15       initramfs will search all available devices for a filesystem with the
16       appropriate label, and mount that device as the root filesystem.
17       root=UUID=<uuidnumber> will mount the partition with that UUID as the
18       root filesystem.
19
20       In the following all kernel command line parameters, which are
21       processed by dracut, are described.
22
23       "rd.*" parameters mentioned without "=" are boolean parameters. They
24       can be turned on/off by setting them to {0|1}. If the assignment with
25       "=" is missing "=1" is implied. For example rd.info can be turned off
26       with rd.info=0 or turned on with rd.info=1 or rd.info. The last value
27       in the kernel command line is the value, which is honored.
28
29   Standard
30       init=<path to real init>
31           specify the path to the init program to be started after the
32           initramfs has finished
33
34       root=<path to blockdevice>
35           specify the block device to use as the root filesystem.
36
37           Example.
38
39               root=/dev/sda1
40               root=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
41               root=/dev/disk/by-label/Root
42               root=LABEL=Root
43               root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
44               root=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
45               root=PARTUUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
46
47
48       rootfstype=<filesystem type>
49           "auto" if not specified.
50
51           Example.
52
53               rootfstype=ext3
54
55
56       rootflags=<mount options>
57           specify additional mount options for the root filesystem. If not
58           set, /etc/fstab of the real root will be parsed for special mount
59           options and mounted accordingly.
60
61       ro
62           force mounting / and /usr (if it is a separate device) read-only.
63           If none of ro and rw is present, both are mounted according to
64           /etc/fstab.
65
66       rw
67           force mounting / and /usr (if it is a separate device) read-write.
68           See also ro option.
69
70       rootfallback=<path to blockdevice>
71           specify the block device to use as the root filesystem, if the
72           normal root cannot be found. This can only be a simple block device
73           with a simple file system, for which the filesystem driver is
74           either compiled in, or added manually to the initramfs. This
75           parameter can be specified multiple times.
76
77       rd.auto rd.auto=1
78           enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid,
79           mdraid or lvm. Default is off as of dracut version >= 024.
80
81       rd.hostonly=0
82           removes all compiled in configuration of the host system the
83           initramfs image was built on. This helps booting, if any disk
84           layout changed, especially in combination with rd.auto or other
85           parameters specifying the layout.
86
87       rd.cmdline=ask
88           prompts the user for additional kernel command line parameters
89
90       rd.fstab=0
91           do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in
92           /etc/fstab of the real root.
93
94       resume=<path to resume partition>
95           resume from a swap partition
96
97           Example.
98
99               resume=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
100               resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
101               resume=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
102
103
104       rd.skipfsck
105           skip fsck for rootfs and /usr. If you’re mounting /usr read-only
106           and the init system performs fsck before remount, you might want to
107           use this option to avoid duplication.
108
109   iso-scan/filename
110       Mount all mountable devices and search for ISO pointed by the argument.
111       When the ISO is found set it up as a loop device. Device containing
112       this ISO image will stay mounted at /run/initramfs/isoscandev. Using
113       iso-scan/filename with a Fedora/Red Hat/CentOS Live iso should just
114       work by copying the original kernel cmdline parameters.
115
116       Example.
117
118           menuentry 'Live Fedora 20' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
119               set isolabel=Fedora-Live-LXDE-x86_64-20-1
120               set isofile="/boot/iso/Fedora-Live-LXDE-x86_64-20-1.iso"
121               loopback loop $isofile
122               linux (loop)/isolinux/vmlinuz0 boot=isolinux iso-scan/filename=$isofile root=live:LABEL=$isolabel ro rd.live.image quiet rhgb
123               initrd (loop)/isolinux/initrd0.img
124           }
125
126
127   Misc
128       rd.emergency=[reboot|poweroff|halt]
129           specify, what action to execute in case of a critical failure.
130           rd.shell=0 must also be specified.
131
132       rd.driver.blacklist=<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]
133           do not load kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be
134           specified multiple times.
135
136       rd.driver.pre=<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]
137           force loading kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be
138           specified multiple times.
139
140       rd.driver.post=<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]
141           force loading kernel module <drivername> after all automatic
142           loading modules have been loaded. This parameter can be specified
143           multiple times.
144
145       rd.retry=<seconds>
146           specify how long dracut should retry the initqueue to configure
147           devices. The default is 180 seconds. After 2/3 of the time,
148           degraded raids are force started. If you have hardware, which takes
149           a very long time to announce its drives, you might want to extend
150           this value.
151
152       rd.timeout=<seconds>
153           specify how long dracut should wait for devices to appear. The
154           default is 0, which means forever. Note that this timeout should be
155           longer than rd.retry to allow for proper configuration.
156
157       rd.noverifyssl
158           accept self-signed certificates for ssl downloads.
159
160       rd.ctty=<terminal device>
161           specify the controlling terminal for the console. This is useful,
162           if you have multiple "console=" arguments.
163
164       rd.shutdown.timeout.umount=<seconds>
165           specify how long dracut should wait for an individual umount to
166           finish during shutdown. This avoids the system from blocking when
167           unmounting a file system cannot complete and waits indefinitely.
168           Value 0 means to wait forever. The default is 90 seconds.
169
170   Debug
171       If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file
172       /run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt is created, which can be saved to a (to
173       be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick.
174       Additional debugging info can be produced by adding rd.debug to the
175       kernel command line. /run/initramfs/rdsosreport.txt contains all logs
176       and the output of some tools. It should be attached to any report about
177       dracut problems.
178
179       rd.info
180           print informational output though "quiet" is set
181
182       rd.shell
183           allow dropping to a shell, if root mounting fails
184
185       rd.debug
186           set -x for the dracut shell. If systemd is active in the initramfs,
187           all output is logged to the systemd journal, which you can inspect
188           with "journalctl -ab". If systemd is not active, the logs are
189           written to dmesg and /run/initramfs/init.log. If "quiet" is set, it
190           also logs to the console.
191
192       rd.memdebug=[0-5]
193           Print memory usage info at various points, set the verbose level
194           from 0 to 5.
195
196               Higher level means more debugging output:
197
198                   0 - no output
199                   1 - partial /proc/meminfo
200                   2 - /proc/meminfo
201                   3 - /proc/meminfo + /proc/slabinfo
202                   4 - /proc/meminfo + /proc/slabinfo + memstrack summary
203                       NOTE: memstrack is a memory tracing tool that tracks the total memory
204                             consumption, and peak memory consumption of each kernel modules
205                             and userspace progress during the whole initramfs runtime, report
206                             is genereted and the end of initramsfs run.
207                   5 - /proc/meminfo + /proc/slabinfo + memstrack (with top memory stacktrace)
208                       NOTE: memstrack (with top memory stacktrace) will print top memory
209                             allocation stack traces during the whole initramfs runtime.
210
211       rd.break
212           drop to a shell at the end
213
214       rd.break={cmdline|pre-udev|pre-trigger|initqueue|pre-mount|mount|pre-pivot|cleanup}
215           drop to a shell before the defined breakpoint starts
216
217       rd.udev.info
218           set udev to loglevel info
219
220       rd.udev.debug
221           set udev to loglevel debug
222
223   I18N
224       rd.vconsole.keymap=<keymap base file name>
225           keyboard translation table loaded by loadkeys; taken from keymaps
226           directory; will be written as KEYMAP to /etc/vconsole.conf in the
227           initramfs.
228
229           Example.
230
231               rd.vconsole.keymap=de-latin1-nodeadkeys
232
233
234       rd.vconsole.keymap.ext=<list of keymap base file names>
235           list of extra keymaps to bo loaded (sep. by space); will be written
236           as EXT_KEYMAP to /etc/vconsole.conf in the initramfs
237
238       rd.vconsole.unicode
239           boolean, indicating UTF-8 mode; will be written as UNICODE to
240           /etc/vconsole.conf in the initramfs
241
242       rd.vconsole.font=<font base file name>
243           console font; taken from consolefonts directory; will be written as
244           FONT to /etc/vconsole.conf in the initramfs.
245
246           Example.
247
248               rd.vconsole.font=eurlatgr
249
250
251       rd.vconsole.font.map=<console map base file name>
252           see description of -m parameter in setfont manual; taken from
253           consoletrans directory; will be written as FONT_MAP to
254           /etc/vconsole.conf in the initramfs
255
256       rd.vconsole.font.unimap=<unicode table base file name>
257           see description of -u parameter in setfont manual; taken from
258           unimaps directory; will be written as FONT_UNIMAP to
259           /etc/vconsole.conf in the initramfs
260
261       rd.locale.LANG=<locale>
262           taken from the environment; if no UNICODE is defined we set its
263           value in basis of LANG value (whether it ends with ".utf8" (or
264           similar) or not); will be written as LANG to /etc/locale.conf in
265           the initramfs.
266
267           Example.
268
269               rd.locale.LANG=pl_PL.utf8
270
271
272       rd.locale.LC_ALL=<locale>
273           taken from the environment; will be written as LC_ALL to
274           /etc/locale.conf in the initramfs
275
276   LVM
277       rd.lvm=0
278           disable LVM detection
279
280       rd.lvm.vg=<volume group name>
281           only activate all logical volumes in the the volume groups with the
282           given name. rd.lvm.vg can be specified multiple times on the kernel
283           command line.
284
285       rd.lvm.lv=<volume group name>/<logical volume name>
286           only activate the logical volumes with the given name. rd.lvm.lv
287           can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
288
289       rd.lvm.conf=0
290           remove any /etc/lvm/lvm.conf, which may exist in the initramfs
291
292   crypto LUKS
293       rd.luks=0
294           disable crypto LUKS detection
295
296       rd.luks.uuid=<luks uuid>
297           only activate the LUKS partitions with the given UUID. Any "luks-"
298           of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to <luks uuid>. The
299           comparisons also matches, if <luks uuid> is only the beginning of
300           the LUKS UUID, so you don’t have to specify the full UUID. This
301           parameter can be specified multiple times.  <luks uuid> may be
302           prefixed by the keyword keysource:, see rd.luks.key below.
303
304       rd.luks.allow-discards=<luks uuid>
305           Allow using of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with
306           the given UUID. Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before
307           comparing to <luks uuid>. The comparisons also matches, if <luks
308           uuid> is only the beginning of the LUKS UUID, so you don’t have to
309           specify the full UUID. This parameter can be specified multiple
310           times.
311
312       rd.luks.allow-discards
313           Allow using of discards (TRIM) requests on all LUKS partitions.
314
315       rd.luks.crypttab=0
316           do not check, if LUKS partition is in /etc/crypttab
317
318       rd.luks.timeout=<seconds>
319           specify how long dracut should wait when waiting for the user to
320           enter the password. This avoid blocking the boot if no password is
321           entered. It does not apply to luks key. The default is 0, which
322           means forever.
323
324   crypto LUKS - key on removable device support
325       NB: If systemd is included in the dracut initrd, dracut’s built in
326       removable device keying support won’t work. systemd will prompt for a
327       password from the console even if you’ve supplied rd.luks.key. You may
328       be able to use standard systemd fstab(5) syntax to get the same effect.
329       If you do need rd.luks.key to work, you will have to exclude the
330       "systemd" dracut module and any modules that depend on it. See
331       dracut.conf(5) and https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=905683
332       for more information.
333
334       rd.luks.key=<keypath>[:<keydev>[:<luksdev>]]
335           <keypath> is the pathname of a key file, relative to the root of
336           the filesystem on some device. It’s REQUIRED. When <keypath> ends
337           with .gpg it’s considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with
338           GPG. You will be prompted for the GPG password on boot. GPG support
339           comes with the crypt-gpg module, which needs to be added
340           explicitly.
341
342           <keydev> identifies the device on which the key file resides. It
343           may be the kernel name of the device (should start with "/dev/"), a
344           UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or a label (prefix with "LABEL="). You
345           don’t have to specify a full UUID. Just its beginning will suffice,
346           even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed. This
347           parameter is recommended, but not required. If it’s not present,
348           all block devices will be probed, which may significantly increase
349           boot time.
350
351           If <luksdev> is given, the specified key will only be used for the
352           specified LUKS device. Possible values are the same as for
353           <keydev>. Unless you have several LUKS devices, you don’t have to
354           specify this parameter. The simplest usage is:
355
356           Example.
357
358               rd.luks.key=/foo/bar.key
359
360
361           As you see, you can skip colons in such a case.
362
363           Note
364           Your LUKS partition must match your key file.
365
366           dracut provides keys to cryptsetup with -d (an older alias for
367           --key-file). This uses the entire binary content of the key file as
368           part of the secret. If you pipe a password into cryptsetup without
369           -d or --key-file, it will be treated as text user input, and only
370           characters before the first newline will be used. Therefore, when
371           you’re creating an encrypted partition for dracut to mount, and you
372           pipe a key into cryptsetup luksFormat,you must use -d -.
373
374           Here is an example for a key encrypted with GPG (warning:
375           --batch-mode will overwrite the device without asking for
376           confirmation):
377
378               gpg --quiet --decrypt rootkey.gpg | \
379               cryptsetup --batch-mode --key-file - \
380                          luksFormat /dev/sda47
381
382           If you use unencrypted key files, just use the key file pathname
383           instead of the standard input. For a random key with 256 bits of
384           entropy, you might use:
385
386               head -32c /dev/urandom > rootkey.key
387               cryptsetup --batch-mode --key-file rootkey.key \
388                          luksFormat /dev/sda47
389
390           You can also use regular key files on an encrypted keydev.
391
392           Compared to using GPG encrypted keyfiles on an unencrypted device
393           this provides the following advantages:
394
395           •   you can unlock your disk(s) using multiple passphrases
396
397           •   better security by not loosing the key stretching mechanism
398
399           To use an encrypted keydev you must ensure that it becomes
400           available by using the keyword keysource, e.g.
401           rd.luks.uuid=keysource:aaaa aaaa being the uuid of the encrypted
402           keydev.
403
404           Example:
405
406           Lets assume you have three disks A, B and C with the uuids aaaa,
407           bbbb and cccc. You want to unlock A and B using keyfile keyfile.
408           The unlocked volumes be A', B' and C' with the uuids AAAA, BBBB and
409           CCCC. keyfile is saved on C' as /keyfile.
410
411           One luks keyslot of each A, B and C is setup with a passphrase.
412           Another luks keyslot of each A and B is setup with keyfile.
413
414           To boot this configuration you could use:
415
416               rd.luks.uuid=aaaa
417               rd.luks.uuid=bbbb
418               rd.luks.uuid=keysource:cccc
419               rd.luks.key=/keyfile:UUID=CCCC
420
421           Dracut asks for the passphrase for C and uses the keyfile to unlock
422           A and B. If getting the passphrase for C fails it falls back to
423           asking for the passphrases for A and B.
424
425           If you want C' to stay unlocked, specify a luks name for it, e.g.
426           rd.luks.name=cccc=mykeys, otherwise it gets closed when not needed
427           anymore.
428
429       rd.luks.key.tout=0
430           specify how many times dracut will try to read the keys specified
431           in in rd.luk.key. This gives a chance to the removable device
432           containing the key to initialise.
433
434   MD RAID
435       rd.md=0
436           disable MD RAID detection
437
438       rd.md.imsm=0
439           disable MD RAID for imsm/isw raids, use DM RAID instead
440
441       rd.md.ddf=0
442           disable MD RAID for SNIA ddf raids, use DM RAID instead
443
444       rd.md.conf=0
445           ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs
446
447       rd.md.waitclean=1
448           wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before
449           continuing
450
451       rd.md.uuid=<md raid uuid>
452           only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can
453           be specified multiple times.
454
455   DM RAID
456       rd.dm=0
457           disable DM RAID detection
458
459       rd.dm.uuid=<dm raid uuid>
460           only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can
461           be specified multiple times.
462
463   MULTIPATH
464       rd.multipath=0
465           disable multipath detection
466
467       rd.multipath=default
468           use default multipath settings
469
470   FIPS
471       rd.fips
472           enable FIPS
473
474       boot=<boot device>
475           specify the device, where /boot is located.
476
477           Example.
478
479               boot=/dev/sda1
480               boot=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
481               boot=UUID=<uuid>
482               boot=LABEL=<label>
483
484
485       rd.fips.skipkernel
486           skip checksum check of the kernel image. Useful, if the kernel
487           image is not in a separate boot partition.
488
489   Network
490           Important
491           It is recommended to either bind an interface to a MAC with the
492           ifname argument, or to use the systemd-udevd predictable network
493           interface names.
494
495           Predictable network interface device names based on:
496
497           •   firmware/bios-provided index numbers for on-board devices
498
499           •   firmware-provided pci-express hotplug slot index number
500
501           •   physical/geographical location of the hardware
502
503           •   the interface’s MAC address
504
505           See:
506           http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames
507
508           Two character prefixes based on the type of interface:
509
510           en
511               ethernet
512
513           wl
514               wlan
515
516           ww
517               wwan
518
519           Type of names:
520
521           o<index>
522               on-board device index number
523
524           s<slot>[f<function>][d<dev_id>]
525               hotplug slot index number
526
527           x<MAC>
528               MAC address
529
530           [P<domain>]p<bus>s<slot>[f<function>][d<dev_id>]
531               PCI geographical location
532
533           [P<domain>]p<bus>s<slot>[f<function>][u<port>][..][c<config>][i<interface>]
534               USB port number chain
535
536           All multi-function PCI devices will carry the [f<function>] number
537           in the device name, including the function 0 device.
538
539           When using PCI geography, The PCI domain is only prepended when it
540           is not 0.
541
542           For USB devices the full chain of port numbers of hubs is composed.
543           If the name gets longer than the maximum number of 15 characters,
544           the name is not exported. The usual USB configuration == 1 and
545           interface == 0 values are suppressed.
546
547           PCI ethernet card with firmware index "1"
548
549               •   eno1
550
551           PCI ethernet card in hotplug slot with firmware index number
552
553               •   ens1
554
555           PCI ethernet multi-function card with 2 ports
556
557               •   enp2s0f0
558
559               •   enp2s0f1
560
561           PCI wlan card
562
563               •   wlp3s0
564
565           USB built-in 3G modem
566
567               •   wwp0s29u1u4i6
568
569           USB Android phone
570
571               •   enp0s29u1u2
572
573       The following options are supported by the network-legacy dracut
574       module. Other network modules might support a slightly different set of
575       options; refer to the documentation of the specific network module in
576       use. For NetworkManager, see nm-initrd-generator(8).
577
578       ip={dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|either6|link6|single-dhcp}
579
580           dhcp|on|any
581               get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If netroot=dhcp,
582               loop sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and
583               use the first with a valid DHCP root-path.
584
585           single-dhcp
586               Send DHCP on all available interfaces in parallel, as opposed
587               to one after another. After the first DHCP response is
588               received, stop DHCP on all other interfaces. This gives the
589               fastest boot time by using the IP on interface for which DHCP
590               succeeded first during early boot. Caveat: Does not apply to
591               Network Manager and to SUSE using wicked.
592
593           auto6
594               IPv6 autoconfiguration
595
596           dhcp6
597               IPv6 DHCP
598
599           either6
600               if auto6 fails, then dhcp6
601
602           link6
603               bring up interface for IPv6 link-local addressing
604
605       ip=<interface>:{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|link6}[:[<mtu>][:<macaddr>]]
606           This parameter can be specified multiple times.
607
608           dhcp|on|any|dhcp6
609               get ip from dhcp server on a specific interface
610
611           auto6
612               do IPv6 autoconfiguration
613
614           link6
615               bring up interface for IPv6 link local address
616
617           <macaddr>
618               optionally set <macaddr> on the <interface>. This cannot be
619               used in conjunction with the ifname argument for the same
620               <interface>.
621
622       ip=<client-IP>:[<peer>]:<gateway-IP>:<netmask>:<client_hostname>:<interface>:{none|off|dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}[:[<mtu>][:<macaddr>]]
623           explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6
624           address, put it in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter
625           can be specified multiple times.  <peer> is optional and is the
626           address of the remote endpoint for pointopoint interfaces and it
627           may be followed by a slash and a decimal number, encoding the
628           network prefix length.
629
630           <macaddr>
631               optionally set <macaddr> on the <interface>. This cannot be
632               used in conjunction with the ifname argument for the same
633               <interface>.
634
635       ip=<client-IP>:[<peer>]:<gateway-IP>:<netmask>:<client_hostname>:<interface>:{none|off|dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}[:[<dns1>][:<dns2>]]
636           explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6
637           address, put it in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter
638           can be specified multiple times.  <peer> is optional and is the
639           address of the remote endpoint for pointopoint interfaces and it
640           may be followed by a slash and a decimal number, encoding the
641           network prefix length.
642
643       ifname=<interface>:<MAC>
644           Assign network device name <interface> (i.e. "bootnet") to the NIC
645           with MAC <MAC>.
646
647               Warning
648               Do not use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface
649               name, as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don’t use
650               "eth[0-9]+" for the interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or
651               "bluesocket".
652
653       rd.route=<net>/<netmask>:<gateway>[:<interface>]
654           Add a static route with route options, which are separated by a
655           colon. IPv6 addresses have to be put in brackets.
656
657           Example.
658
659                   rd.route=192.168.200.0/24:192.168.100.222:ens10
660                   rd.route=192.168.200.0/24:192.168.100.222
661                   rd.route=192.168.200.0/24::ens10
662                   rd.route=[2001:DB8:3::/8]:[2001:DB8:2::1]:ens10
663
664
665       bootdev=<interface>
666           specify network interface to use routing and netroot information
667           from. Required if multiple ip= lines are used.
668
669       BOOTIF=<MAC>
670           specify network interface to use routing and netroot information
671           from.
672
673       rd.bootif=0
674           Disable BOOTIF parsing, which is provided by PXE
675
676       nameserver=<IP> [nameserver=<IP> ...]
677           specify nameserver(s) to use
678
679       rd.peerdns=0
680           Disable DNS setting of DHCP parameters.
681
682       biosdevname=0
683           boolean, turn off biosdevname network interface renaming
684
685       rd.neednet=1
686           boolean, bring up network even without netroot set
687
688       vlan=<vlanname>:<phydevice>
689           Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydevice>. We support the
690           four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005),
691           VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5), DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005),
692           DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
693
694       bond=<bondname>[:<bondslaves>:[:<options>[:<mtu>]]]
695           Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>.
696           <bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet)
697           interfaces. <options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options
698           (modinfo bonding for details) in format compatible with
699           initscripts. If <options> includes multi-valued arp_ip_target
700           option, then its values should be separated by semicolon. if the
701           mtu is specified, it will be set on the bond master. Bond without
702           parameters assumes bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr
703
704       team=<teammaster>:<teamslaves>[:<teamrunner>]
705           Setup team device <teammaster> on top of <teamslaves>. <teamslaves>
706           is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
707           <teamrunner> is the runner type to be used (see teamd.conf(5));
708           defaults to activebackup. Team without parameters assumes
709           team=team0:eth0,eth1:activebackup
710
711       bridge=<bridgename>:<ethnames>
712           Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a
713           comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge
714           without parameters assumes bridge=br0:eth0
715
716   NFS
717       root=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>]
718           mount nfs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is
719           given, use dhcp next_server. If server-ip is an IPv6 address it has
720           to be put in brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. NFS options can be
721           appended with the prefix ":" or "," and are separated by ",".
722
723       root=nfs:[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>],
724       root=nfs4:[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>], root={dhcp|dhcp6}
725           netroot=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path
726           where NFS options can be specified.
727
728           Example.
729
730                   root-path=<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
731                   root-path=nfs:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
732                   root-path=nfs4:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
733
734
735       root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>]
736           Deprecated!  kernel Documentation_/filesystems/nfsroot.txt_ defines
737           this method. This is supported by dracut, but not recommended.
738
739       rd.nfs.domain=<NFSv4 domain name>
740           Set the NFSv4 domain name. Will override the settings in
741           /etc/idmap.conf.
742
743       rd.net.dhcp.retry=<cnt>
744           If this option is set, dracut will try to connect via dhcp <cnt>
745           times before failing. Default is 1.
746
747       rd.net.timeout.dhcp=<arg>
748           If this option is set, dhclient is called with "--timeout <arg>".
749
750       rd.net.timeout.iflink=<seconds>
751           Wait <seconds> until link shows up. Default is 60 seconds.
752
753       rd.net.timeout.ifup=<seconds>
754           Wait <seconds> until link has state "UP". Default is 20 seconds.
755
756       rd.net.timeout.route=<seconds>
757           Wait <seconds> until route shows up. Default is 20 seconds.
758
759       rd.net.timeout.ipv6dad=<seconds>
760           Wait <seconds> until IPv6 DAD is finished. Default is 50 seconds.
761
762       rd.net.timeout.ipv6auto=<seconds>
763           Wait <seconds> until IPv6 automatic addresses are assigned. Default
764           is 40 seconds.
765
766       rd.net.timeout.carrier=<seconds>
767           Wait <seconds> until carrier is recognized. Default is 10 seconds.
768
769   CIFS
770       root=cifs://[<username>[:<password>]@]<server-ip>:<root-dir>
771           mount cifs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is
772           given, use dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has
773           to be put in brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. If a username or
774           password are not specified as part of the root, then they must be
775           passed on the command line through cifsuser/cifspass.
776
777               Warning
778               Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for
779               all users via the file /proc/cmdline and via dmesg or can be
780               sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
781
782       cifsuser=<username>
783           Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root.
784
785       cifspass=<password>
786           Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root.
787
788               Warning
789               Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for
790               all users via the file /proc/cmdline and via dmesg or can be
791               sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
792
793   iSCSI
794       root=iscsi:[<username>:<password>[:<reverse>:<password>]@][<servername>]:[<protocol>]:[<port>][:[<iscsi_iface_name>]:[<netdev_name>]]:[<LUN>]:<targetname>
795           protocol defaults to "6", LUN defaults to "0". If the "servername"
796           field is provided by BOOTP or DHCP, then that field is used in
797           conjunction with other associated fields to contact the boot server
798           in the Boot stage. However, if the "servername" field is not
799           provided, then the "targetname" field is then used in the Discovery
800           Service stage in conjunction with other associated fields. See
801           rfc4173[1].
802
803               Warning
804               Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for
805               all users via the file /proc/cmdline and via dmesg or can be
806               sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
807
808           Example.
809
810               root=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
811
812
813           If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets:
814
815           Example.
816
817               root=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
818
819
820       root=???
821       netroot=iscsi:[<username>:<password>[:<reverse>:<password>]@][<servername>]:[<protocol>]:[<port>][:[<iscsi_iface_name>]:[<netdev_name>]]:[<LUN>]:<targetname>
822       ...
823           multiple netroot options allow setting up multiple iscsi disks:
824
825           Example.
826
827               root=UUID=12424547
828               netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
829               netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target1
830
831
832           If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets:
833
834           Example.
835
836               netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
837
838
839               Warning
840               Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for
841               all users via the file /proc/cmdline and via dmesg or can be
842               sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
843               You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
844
845       root=??? rd.iscsi.initiator=<initiator> rd.iscsi.target.name=<target
846       name> rd.iscsi.target.ip=<target ip> rd.iscsi.target.port=<target port>
847       rd.iscsi.target.group=<target group> rd.iscsi.username=<username>
848       rd.iscsi.password=<password> rd.iscsi.in.username=<in username>
849       rd.iscsi.in.password=<in password>
850           manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see iscsistart --help)
851
852               Warning
853               Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for
854               all users via the file /proc/cmdline and via dmesg or can be
855               sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
856               You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
857
858       root=??? netroot=iscsi rd.iscsi.firmware=1
859           will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware
860
861       rd.iscsi.login_retry_max=<num>
862           maximum number of login retries
863
864       rd.iscsi.param=<param>
865           <param> will be passed as "--param <param>" to iscsistart. This
866           parameter can be specified multiple times.
867
868           Example.
869
870               "netroot=iscsi rd.iscsi.firmware=1 rd.iscsi.param=node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30"
871
872
873           will result in
874
875               iscsistart -b --param node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30
876
877       rd.iscsi.ibft rd.iscsi.ibft=1: Turn on iBFT autoconfiguration for the
878       interfaces
879
880       rd.iscsi.mp rd.iscsi.mp=1: Configure all iBFT interfaces, not only used
881       for booting (multipath)
882
883       rd.iscsi.waitnet=0: Turn off waiting for all interfaces to be up before
884       trying to login to the iSCSI targets.
885
886       rd.iscsi.testroute=0: Turn off checking, if the route to the iSCSI
887       target IP is possible before trying to login.
888
889   FCoE
890       rd.fcoe=0
891           disable FCoE and lldpad
892
893       fcoe=<edd|interface|MAC>:{dcb|nodcb}:{fabric|vn2vn}
894           Try to connect to a FCoE SAN through the NIC specified by
895           <interface> or <MAC> or EDD settings. The second argument specifies
896           if DCB should be used. The optional third argument specifies
897           whether fabric or VN2VN mode should be used. This parameter can be
898           specified multiple times.
899
900               Note
901               letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase!
902
903   NVMf
904       rd.nonvmf
905           Disable NVMf
906
907       rd.nvmf.hostnqn=<hostNQN>
908           NVMe host NQN to use
909
910       rd.nvmf.hostid=<hostID>
911           NVMe host id to use
912
913       rd.nvmf.discover={rdma|fc|tcp},<traddr>,[<host_traddr>],[<trsvcid>]
914           Discover and connect to a NVMe-over-Fabric controller specified by
915           <traddr> and the optionally <host_traddr> or <trsvcid>. The first
916           argument specifies the transport to use; currently only rdma, fc,
917           or tcp are supported. This parameter can be specified multiple
918           times.
919
920           Examples.
921
922               rd.nvmf.discover=tcp,192.168.10.10,,4420
923               rd.nvmf.discover=fc,nn-0x201700a05634f5bf:pn-0x201900a05634f5bf,nn-0x200000109b579ef3:pn-0x100000109b579ef3
924
925
926       rd.nvmf.discover=fc,auto
927           This special syntax determines that Fibre Channel autodiscovery is
928           to be used rather than regular NVMe discovery. It takes precedence
929           over all other rd.nvmf.discover= arguments.
930
931   NBD
932       root=???
933       netroot=nbd:<server>:<port/exportname>[:<fstype>[:<mountopts>[:<nbdopts>]]]
934           mount nbd share from <server>.
935
936           NOTE: If "exportname" instead of "port" is given the standard port
937           is used. Newer versions of nbd are only supported with
938           "exportname".
939
940       root=/dev/root netroot=dhcp with dhcp
941       root-path=nbd:<server>:<port/exportname>[:<fstype>[:<mountopts>[:<nbdopts>]]]
942           netroot=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path
943           where NBD options can be specified. This syntax is only usable in
944           cases where you are directly mounting the volume as the rootfs.
945
946           NOTE: If "exportname" instead of "port" is given the standard port
947           is used. Newer versions of nbd are only supported with
948           "exportname".
949
950   VIRTIOFS
951       root=virtiofs:<mount-tag>
952           mount virtiofs share using the tag <mount-tag>. The tag name is
953           arbitrary and must match the tag given in the qemu -device command.
954
955       rootfstype=virtiofs root=<mount-tag>
956           mount virtiofs share using the tag <mount-tag>. The tag name is
957           arbitrary and must match the tag given in the qemu -device command.
958
959       Both formats are supported by the virtiofs dracut module. See
960       https://gitlab.com/virtio-fs/virtiofsd for more information.
961
962       Example.
963
964           root=virtiofs:host rw
965
966
967   DASD
968       rd.dasd=....
969           same syntax as the kernel module parameter (s390 only)
970
971   ZFCP
972       rd.zfcp=<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>,<WWPN>,<FCPLUN>
973           rd.zfcp can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
974
975       rd.zfcp=<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>
976           If NPIV is enabled and the allow_lun_scan parameter to the zfcp
977           module is set to Y then the zfcp adaptor will be initiating a scan
978           internally and the <WWPN> and <FCPLUN> parameters can be omitted.
979
980           Example.
981
982               rd.zfcp=0.0.4000,0x5005076300C213e9,0x5022000000000000
983               rd.zfcp=0.0.4000
984
985
986       rd.zfcp.conf=0
987           ignore zfcp.conf included in the initramfs
988
989   ZNET
990       rd.znet=<nettype>,<subchannels>,<options>
991           The whole parameter is appended to /etc/ccw.conf, which is used on
992           RHEL/Fedora with ccw_init, which is called from udev for certain
993           devices on z-series. rd.znet can be specified multiple times on the
994           kernel command line.
995
996       rd.znet_ifname=<ifname>:<subchannels>
997           Assign network device name <interface> (i.e. "bootnet") to the NIC
998           corresponds to the subchannels. This is useful when dracut’s
999           default "ifname=" doesn’t work due to device having a changing MAC
1000           address.
1001
1002           Example.
1003
1004               rd.znet=qeth,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,layer2=1,portname=foo
1005               rd.znet=ctc,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,protocol=bar
1006
1007
1008   Booting live images
1009       Dracut offers multiple options for live booted images:
1010
1011       SquashFS with read-only filesystem image
1012           The system will boot with a read-only filesystem from the SquashFS
1013           and apply a writable Device-mapper snapshot or an OverlayFS overlay
1014           mount for the read-only base filesystem. This method ensures a
1015           relatively fast boot and lower RAM usage. Users must be careful to
1016           avoid writing too many blocks to a snapshot volume. Once the blocks
1017           of the snapshot overlay are exhausted, the root filesystem becomes
1018           read-only and may cause application failures. The snapshot overlay
1019           file is marked Overflow, and a difficult recovery is required to
1020           repair and enlarge the overlay offline. Non-persistent overlays are
1021           sparse files in RAM that only consume content space as required
1022           blocks are allocated. They default to an apparent size of 32 GiB in
1023           RAM. The size can be adjusted with the rd.live.overlay.size= kernel
1024           command line option.
1025
1026           The filesystem structure is traditionally expected to be:
1027
1028               squashfs.img          |  SquashFS from LiveCD .iso
1029                  !(mount)
1030                  /LiveOS
1031                      |- rootfs.img  |  Filesystem image to mount read-only
1032                           !(mount)
1033                           /bin      |  Live filesystem
1034                           /boot     |
1035                           /dev      |
1036                           ...       |
1037
1038           For OverlayFS mount overlays, the filesystem structure may also be
1039           a direct compression of the root filesystem:
1040
1041               squashfs.img          |  SquashFS from LiveCD .iso
1042                  !(mount)
1043                  /bin               |  Live filesystem
1044                  /boot              |
1045                  /dev               |
1046                  ...                |
1047
1048           Dracut uses one of the overlay methods of live booting by default.
1049           No additional command line options are required other than
1050           root=live:<URL> to specify the location of your squashed
1051           filesystem.
1052
1053           •   The compressed SquashFS image can be copied during boot to RAM
1054               at /run/initramfs/squashed.img by using the rd.live.ram=1
1055               option.
1056
1057           •   A device with a persistent overlay can be booted read-only by
1058               using the rd.live.overlay.readonly option on the kernel command
1059               line. This will either cause a temporary, writable overlay to
1060               be stacked over a read-only snapshot of the root filesystem or
1061               the OverlayFS mount will use an additional lower layer with the
1062               root filesystem.
1063
1064       Uncompressed live filesystem image
1065           When the live system was installed with the --skipcompress option
1066           of the livecd-iso-to-disk installation script for Live USB devices,
1067           the root filesystem image, rootfs.img, is expanded on installation
1068           and no SquashFS is involved during boot.
1069
1070           •   If rd.live.ram=1 is used in this situation, the full,
1071               uncompressed root filesystem is copied during boot to
1072               /run/initramfs/rootfs.img in the /run tmpfs.
1073
1074           •   If rd.live.overlay=none is provided as a kernel command line
1075               option, a writable, linear Device-mapper target is created on
1076               boot with no overlay.
1077
1078       Writable filesystem image
1079           The system will retrieve a compressed filesystem image, extract it
1080           to /run/initramfs/fsimg/rootfs.img, connect it to a loop device,
1081           create a writable, linear Device-mapper target at
1082           /dev/mapper/live-rw, and mount that as a writable volume at /. More
1083           RAM is required during boot but the live filesystem is easier to
1084           manage if it becomes full. Users can make a filesystem image of any
1085           size and that size will be maintained when the system boots. There
1086           is no persistence of root filesystem changes between boots with
1087           this option.
1088
1089           The filesystem structure is expected to be:
1090
1091               rootfs.tgz            |  Compressed tarball containing filesystem image
1092                  !(unpack)
1093                  /rootfs.img        |  Filesystem image at /run/initramfs/fsimg/
1094                     !(mount)
1095                     /bin            |  Live filesystem
1096                     /boot           |
1097                     /dev            |
1098                     ...             |
1099
1100           To use this boot option, ensure that rd.writable.fsimg=1 is in your
1101           kernel command line and add the root=live:<URL> to specify the
1102           location of your compressed filesystem image tarball or SquashFS
1103           image.
1104
1105       rd.writable.fsimg=1
1106           Enables writable filesystem support. The system will boot with a
1107           fully writable (but non-persistent) filesystem without snapshots
1108           (see notes above about available live boot options). You can use
1109           the rootflags option to set mount options for the live filesystem
1110           as well (see documentation about rootflags in the Standard section
1111           above). This implies that the whole image is copied to RAM before
1112           the boot continues.
1113
1114               Note
1115               There must be enough free RAM available to hold the complete
1116               image.
1117           This method is very suitable for diskless boots.
1118
1119       root=live:<url>
1120           Boots a live image retrieved from <url>. Requires the dracut
1121           livenet module. Valid handlers: http, https, ftp, torrent, tftp.
1122
1123           Examples.
1124
1125               root=live:http://example.com/liveboot.img
1126               root=live:ftp://ftp.example.com/liveboot.img
1127               root=live:torrent://example.com/liveboot.img.torrent
1128
1129
1130       rd.live.debug=1
1131           Enables debug output from the live boot process.
1132
1133       rd.live.dir=<path>
1134           Specifies the directory within the boot device where the
1135           squashfs.img or rootfs.img can be found. By default, this is
1136           /LiveOS.
1137
1138       rd.live.squashimg=<filename of SquashFS image>
1139           Specifies the filename for a SquashFS image of the root filesystem.
1140           By default, this is squashfs.img.
1141
1142       rd.live.ram=1
1143           Copy the complete image to RAM and use this for booting. This is
1144           useful when the image resides on, e.g., a DVD which needs to be
1145           ejected later on.
1146
1147       rd.live.overlay={<devspec>[:{<pathspec>|auto}]|none}
1148           Manage the usage of a permanent overlay.
1149
1150<devspec> specifies the path to a device with a mountable
1151               filesystem.
1152
1153<pathspec> is the path to a file within that filesystem, which
1154               shall be used to persist the changes made to the device
1155               specified by the root=live:<url> option.
1156
1157               The default pathspec, when auto or no :<pathspec> is given, is
1158               /<rd.live.dir>/overlay-<label>-<uuid>, where <label> is the
1159               device LABEL, and <uuid> is the device UUID. * none (the word
1160               itself) specifies that no overlay will be used, such as when an
1161               uncompressed, writable live root filesystem is available.
1162
1163               If a persistent overlay is detected at the standard LiveOS
1164               path, the overlay & overlay type detected, whether
1165               Device-mapper or OverlayFS, will be used.
1166
1167           Examples.
1168
1169               rd.live.overlay=/dev/sdb1:persistent-overlay.img
1170               rd.live.overlay=UUID=99440c1f-8daa-41bf-b965-b7240a8996f4
1171
1172
1173       rd.live.overlay.cowfs=[btrfs|ext4|xfs]
1174           Specifies the filesystem to use when formatting the overlay
1175           partition. The default is ext4.
1176
1177       rd.live.overlay.size=<size_MiB>
1178           Specifies a non-persistent Device-mapper overlay size in MiB. The
1179           default is 32768.
1180
1181       rd.live.overlay.readonly=1
1182           This is used to boot with a normally read-write persistent overlay
1183           in a read-only mode. With this option, either an additional,
1184           non-persistent, writable snapshot overlay will be stacked over a
1185           read-only snapshot, /dev/mapper/live-ro, of the base filesystem
1186           with the persistent overlay, or a read-only loop device, in the
1187           case of a writable rootfs.img, or an OverlayFS mount will use the
1188           persistent overlay directory linked at /run/overlayfs-r as an
1189           additional lower layer along with the base root filesystem and
1190           apply a transient, writable upper directory overlay, in order to
1191           complete the booted root filesystem.
1192
1193       rd.live.overlay.reset=1
1194           Specifies that a persistent overlay should be reset on boot. All
1195           previous root filesystem changes are vacated by this action.
1196
1197       rd.live.overlay.thin=1
1198           Enables the usage of thin snapshots instead of classic dm
1199           snapshots. The advantage of thin snapshots is that they support
1200           discards, and will free blocks that are not claimed by the
1201           filesystem. In this use case, this means that memory is given back
1202           to the kernel when the filesystem does not claim it anymore.
1203
1204       rd.live.overlay.overlayfs=1
1205           Enables the use of the OverlayFS kernel module, if available, to
1206           provide a copy-on-write union directory for the root filesystem.
1207           OverlayFS overlays are directories of the files that have changed
1208           on the read-only base (lower) filesystem. The root filesystem is
1209           provided through a special overlay type mount that merges the lower
1210           and upper directories. If an OverlayFS upper directory is not
1211           present on the boot device, a tmpfs directory will be created at
1212           /run/overlayfs to provide temporary storage. Persistent storage can
1213           be provided on vfat or msdos formatted devices by supplying the
1214           OverlayFS upper directory within an embedded filesystem that
1215           supports the creation of trusted.* extended attributes and provides
1216           a valid d_type in readdir responses, such as with ext4 and xfs. On
1217           non-vfat-formatted devices, a persistent OverlayFS overlay can
1218           extend the available root filesystem storage up to the capacity of
1219           the LiveOS disk device.
1220
1221           If a persistent overlay is detected at the standard LiveOS path,
1222           the overlay & overlay type detected, whether OverlayFS or
1223           Device-mapper, will be used.
1224
1225           The rd.live.overlay.readonly option, which allows a persistent
1226           overlayfs to be mounted read-only through a higher level transient
1227           overlay directory, has been implemented through the multiple lower
1228           layers feature of OverlayFS.
1229
1230   ZIPL
1231       rd.zipl=<path to blockdevice>
1232           Update the dracut commandline with the values found in the
1233           dracut-cmdline.conf file on the given device. The values are merged
1234           into the existing commandline values and the udev events are
1235           regenerated.
1236
1237           Example.
1238
1239               rd.zipl=UUID=0fb28157-99e3-4395-adef-da3f7d44835a
1240
1241
1242   CIO_IGNORE
1243       rd.cio_accept=<device-ids>
1244           Remove the devices listed in <device-ids> from the default
1245           cio_ignore kernel command-line settings. <device-ids> is a list of
1246           comma-separated CCW device ids. The default for this value is taken
1247           from the /boot/zipl/active_devices.txt file.
1248
1249           Example.
1250
1251               rd.cio_accept=0.0.0180,0.0.0800,0.0.0801,0.0.0802
1252
1253
1254   Plymouth Boot Splash
1255       plymouth.enable=0
1256           disable the plymouth bootsplash completely.
1257
1258       rd.plymouth=0
1259           disable the plymouth bootsplash only for the initramfs.
1260
1261   Kernel keys
1262       masterkey=<kernel master key path name>
1263           Set the path name of the kernel master key.
1264
1265           Example.
1266
1267               masterkey=/etc/keys/kmk-trusted.blob
1268
1269
1270       masterkeytype=<kernel master key type>
1271           Set the type of the kernel master key.
1272
1273           Example.
1274
1275               masterkeytype=trusted
1276
1277
1278       evmkey=<EVM HMAC key path name>
1279           Set the path name of the EVM HMAC key.
1280
1281           Example.
1282
1283               evmkey=/etc/keys/evm-trusted.blob
1284
1285
1286       evmx509=<EVM X.509 cert path name>
1287           Set the path name of the EVM X.509 certificate.
1288
1289           Example.
1290
1291               evmx509=/etc/keys/x509_evm.der
1292
1293
1294       ecryptfskey=<eCryptfs key path name>
1295           Set the path name of the eCryptfs key.
1296
1297           Example.
1298
1299               ecryptfskey=/etc/keys/ecryptfs-trusted.blob
1300
1301
1302   Deprecated, renamed Options
1303       Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version
1304       008, and their new replacement.
1305
1306       rdbreak
1307           rd.break
1308
1309       rd.ccw
1310           rd.znet
1311
1312       rd_CCW
1313           rd.znet
1314
1315       rd_DASD_MOD
1316           rd.dasd
1317
1318       rd_DASD
1319           rd.dasd
1320
1321       rdinitdebug rdnetdebug
1322           rd.debug
1323
1324       rd_NO_DM
1325           rd.dm=0
1326
1327       rd_DM_UUID
1328           rd.dm.uuid
1329
1330       rdblacklist
1331           rd.driver.blacklist
1332
1333       rdinsmodpost
1334           rd.driver.post
1335
1336       rdloaddriver
1337           rd.driver.pre
1338
1339       rd_NO_FSTAB
1340           rd.fstab=0
1341
1342       rdinfo
1343           rd.info
1344
1345       check
1346           rd.live.check
1347
1348       rdlivedebug
1349           rd.live.debug
1350
1351       live_dir
1352           rd.live.dir
1353
1354       liveimg
1355           rd.live.image
1356
1357       overlay
1358           rd.live.overlay
1359
1360       readonly_overlay
1361           rd.live.overlay.readonly
1362
1363       reset_overlay
1364           rd.live.overlay.reset
1365
1366       live_ram
1367           rd.live.ram
1368
1369       rd_NO_CRYPTTAB
1370           rd.luks.crypttab=0
1371
1372       rd_LUKS_KEYDEV_UUID
1373           rd.luks.keydev.uuid
1374
1375       rd_LUKS_KEYPATH
1376           rd.luks.keypath
1377
1378       rd_NO_LUKS
1379           rd.luks=0
1380
1381       rd_LUKS_UUID
1382           rd.luks.uuid
1383
1384       rd_NO_LVMCONF
1385           rd.lvm.conf
1386
1387       rd_LVM_LV
1388           rd.lvm.lv
1389
1390       rd_NO_LVM
1391           rd.lvm=0
1392
1393       rd_LVM_SNAPSHOT
1394           rd.lvm.snapshot
1395
1396       rd_LVM_SNAPSIZE
1397           rd.lvm.snapsize
1398
1399       rd_LVM_VG
1400           rd.lvm.vg
1401
1402       rd_NO_MDADMCONF
1403           rd.md.conf=0
1404
1405       rd_NO_MDIMSM
1406           rd.md.imsm=0
1407
1408       rd_NO_MD
1409           rd.md=0
1410
1411       rd_MD_UUID
1412           rd.md.uuid
1413
1414       rd_NO_MULTIPATH: rd.multipath=0
1415
1416       rd_NFS_DOMAIN
1417           rd.nfs.domain
1418
1419       iscsi_initiator
1420           rd.iscsi.initiator
1421
1422       iscsi_target_name
1423           rd.iscsi.target.name
1424
1425       iscsi_target_ip
1426           rd.iscsi.target.ip
1427
1428       iscsi_target_port
1429           rd.iscsi.target.port
1430
1431       iscsi_target_group
1432           rd.iscsi.target.group
1433
1434       iscsi_username
1435           rd.iscsi.username
1436
1437       iscsi_password
1438           rd.iscsi.password
1439
1440       iscsi_in_username
1441           rd.iscsi.in.username
1442
1443       iscsi_in_password
1444           rd.iscsi.in.password
1445
1446       iscsi_firmware
1447           rd.iscsi.firmware=0
1448
1449       rd_NO_PLYMOUTH
1450           rd.plymouth=0
1451
1452       rd_retry
1453           rd.retry
1454
1455       rdshell
1456           rd.shell
1457
1458       rd_NO_SPLASH
1459           rd.splash
1460
1461       rdudevdebug
1462           rd.udev.debug
1463
1464       rdudevinfo
1465           rd.udev.info
1466
1467       rd_NO_ZFCPCONF
1468           rd.zfcp.conf=0
1469
1470       rd_ZFCP
1471           rd.zfcp
1472
1473       rd_ZNET
1474           rd.znet
1475
1476       KEYMAP
1477           vconsole.keymap
1478
1479       KEYTABLE
1480           vconsole.keymap
1481
1482       SYSFONT
1483           vconsole.font
1484
1485       CONTRANS
1486           vconsole.font.map
1487
1488       UNIMAP
1489           vconsole.font.unimap
1490
1491       UNICODE
1492           vconsole.unicode
1493
1494       EXT_KEYMAP
1495           vconsole.keymap.ext
1496
1497   Configuration in the Initramfs
1498       /etc/conf.d/
1499           Any files found in /etc/conf.d/ will be sourced in the initramfs to
1500           set initial values. Command line options will override these values
1501           set in the configuration files.
1502
1503       /etc/cmdline
1504           Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use
1505           /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.
1506
1507       /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf
1508           Can contain additional command line options.
1509

AUTHOR

1511       Harald Hoyer
1512

SEE ALSO

1514       dracut(8) dracut.conf(5)
1515

NOTES

1517        1. rfc4173
1518           http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5
1519
1520
1521
1522dracut b15d29d                    11/16/2023                 DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)
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