1PSVELO(1) Generic Mapping Tools PSVELO(1)
2
6 psvelo - Plot velocity vectors, crosses, and wedges on maps
7
9 psvelo files -Jparameters -Rwest/east/south/north[r] [ -B[p|s]parame‐
10 ters ] [ -Dsigma_scale ] [ -Fcolor ] [ -Ecolor ] [ -Gfill ] [
11 -H[i][nrec] ] [ -K ] [ -L ] [ -N ] [ -O ] [ -P ] [ -Ssym‐
12 bol/scale/conf/font_size ] [ -U[just/dx/dy/][c|label] ] [ -V ] [ -Wpen
13 ] [ -X[a|c|r][x-shift[u]] ] [ -Y[a|c|r][y-shift[u]] ] [ -:[i|o] ] [
14 -ccopies ]
15
17 psvelo reads data values from files [or standard input] and generates
18 PostScript code that will plot velocity arrows on a map. Most options
19 are the same as for psxy, except -S. The PostScript code is written to
20 standard output. The previous version (psvelomeca) is now obsolete. It
21 has been replaced by psvelo and psmeca.
22
25 files List one or more file-names. If no files are given, psvelo will
26 read standard input.
27 -J Selects the map projection. Scale is UNIT/degree, 1:xxxxx, or
29 width in UNIT (upper case modifier). UNIT is cm, inch, or m,
30 depending on the MEASURE_UNIT setting in .gmtdefaults4, but this
31 can be overridden on the command line by appending c, i, or m to
32 the scale/width value. When central meridian is optional,
33 default is center of longitude range on -R option. Default
34 standard parallel is the equator. For map height, max dimen‐
35 sion, or min dimension, append h, +, or - to the width, respec‐
36 tively.
37 More details can be found in the psbasemap man pages.
38 CYLINDRICAL PROJECTIONS:
40 -Jclon0/lat0/scale (Cassini)
42 -Jcyl_stere/[lon0/[lat0/]]scale (Cylindrical Stereographic)
43 -Jj[lon0/]scale (Miller)
44 -Jm[lon0/[lat0/]]scale (Mercator)
45 -Jmlon0/lat0/scale (Mercator - Give meridian and standard paral‐
46 lel)
47 -Jo[a]lon0/lat0/azimuth/scale (Oblique Mercator - point and
48 azimuth)
49 -Jo[b]lon0/lat0/lon1/lat1/scale (Oblique Mercator - two points)
50 -Joclon0/lat0/lonp/latp/scale (Oblique Mercator - point and
51 pole)
52 -Jq[lon0/[lat0/]]scale (Cylindrical Equidistant)
53 -Jtlon0/[lat0/]scale (TM - Transverse Mercator)
54 -Juzone/scale (UTM - Universal Transverse Mercator)
55 -Jy[lon0/[lat0/]]scale (Cylindrical Equal-Area)
56 CONIC PROJECTIONS:
58 -Jblon0/lat0/lat1/lat2/scale (Albers)
60 -Jdlon0/lat0/lat1/lat2/scale (Conic Equidistant)
61 -Jllon0/lat0/lat1/lat2/scale (Lambert Conic Conformal)
62 AZIMUTHAL PROJECTIONS:
64 -Jalon0/lat0[/horizon]/scale (Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area)
66 -Jelon0/lat0[/horizon]/scale (Azimuthal Equidistant)
67 -Jflon0/lat0[/horizon]/scale (Gnomonic)
68 -Jglon0/lat0[/horizon]/scale (Orthographic)
69 -Jglon0/lat0/altitude/azimuth/tilt/twist/Width/Height/scale
70 (General Perspective).
71 -Jslon0/lat0[/horizon][/slat]/scale (General Stereographic)
72 MISCELLANEOUS PROJECTIONS:
74 -Jh[lon0/]scale (Hammer)
76 -Ji[lon0/]scale (Sinusoidal)
77 -Jkf[lon0/]scale (Eckert IV)
78 -Jk[s][lon0/]scale (Eckert IV)
79 -Jn[lon0/]scale (Robinson)
80 -Jr[lon0/]scale (Winkel Tripel)
81 -Jv[lon0/]scale (Van der Grinten)
82 -Jw[lon0/]scale (Mollweide)
83 NON-GEOGRAPHICAL PROJECTIONS:
85 -Jp[a]scale[/origin][r|z] (Polar coordinates (theta,r))
87 -Jxx-scale[d|l|ppow|t|T][/y-scale[d|l|ppow|t|T]] (Linear, log,
88 and power scaling)
89 -R west, east, south, and north specify the Region of interest, and
91 you may specify them in decimal degrees or in
92 [+-]dd:mm[:ss.xxx][W|E|S|N] format. Append r if lower left and
93 upper right map coordinates are given instead of w/e/s/n. The
94 two shorthands -Rg and -Rd stand for global domain (0/360 and
95 -180/+180 in longitude respectively, with -90/+90 in latitude).
96 -SSelects the meaning of the columns in the data file and the
98 figure to be plotted.
99 -Sevelscale/confidence/fontsize.
102 Velocity ellipses in (N,E) convention. Vscale sets the scaling
103 of the velocity arrows. This scaling gives inches (unless c, i,
104 m, or p is appended). Confidence sets the 2-dimensional confi‐
105 dence limit for the ellipse, e.g., 0.95 for 95% confidence
106 ellipse. Fontsize sets the size of the text in points. The
107 ellipse will be filled with the color or shade specified by the
108 -G option [default transparent]. The arrow and the circumfer‐
109 ence of the ellipse will be drawn with the pen attributes speci‐
110 fied by the -W option. Parameters are expected to be in the
111 following columns:
112 1,2 longitude, latitude of station (-: option interchanges order)
114 3,4 eastward, northward velocity (-: option interchanges order)
116 5,6 uncertainty of eastward, northward velocities (1-sigma) (-:
118 option interchanges order)
119 7 correlation between eastward and northward components
121 8 name of station (optional).
123 -Snbarscale.
126 Anisotropy bars. Barscale sets the scaling of the bars This
127 scaling gives inches (unless c, i, m, or p is appended). Param‐
128 eters are expected to be in the following columns:
129 1,2 longitude, latitude of station (-: option interchanges order)
131 3,4 eastward, northward components of anisotropy vector (-: option
133 interchanges order)
134 -Srvelscale/confidence/fontsize
137 Velocity ellipses in rotated convention. Vscale sets the scal‐
138 ing of the velocity arrows. This scaling gives inches (unless c,
139 i, m, or p is appended). Confidence sets the 2-dimensional con‐
140 fidence limit for the ellipse, e.g., 0.95 for 95% confidence
141 ellipse. Fontsize sets the size of the text in points. The
142 ellipse will be filled with the color or shade specified by the
143 -G option [default transparent]. The arrow and the circumfer‐
144 ence of the ellipse will be drawn with the pen attributes speci‐
145 fied by the -W option. Parameters are expected to be in the
146 following columns:
147 1,2 longitude, latitude, of station (-: option interchanges order)
149 3,4 eastward, northward velocity (-: option interchanges order)
151 5,6 semi-major, semi-minor axes
153 7 counter-clockwise angle, in degrees, from horizontal axis to
155 major axis of ellipse.
156 8 name of station (optional)
158 -Swwedge_scale/wedge_mag.
161 Rotational wedges. Wedge_scale sets the size of the wedges in
162 inches (unless c, i, m, or p is appended). Values are multi‐
163 plied by Wedge_mag before plotting. For example, setting
164 Wedge_mag to 1.e7 works well for rotations of the order of 100
165 nanoradians/yr. Use -G to set the fill color or shade for the
166 wedge, and -E to set the color or shade for the uncertainty.
167 Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
168 1,2 longitude, latitude, of station (-: option interchanges order)
170 3 rotation in radians
172 4 rotation uncertainty in radians
174 -Sxcross_scale
177 gives Strain crosses. Cross_scale sets the size of the cross in
178 inches (unless c, i, m, or p is appended). Parameters are
179 expected to be in the following columns:
180 1,2 longitude, latitude, of station (-: option interchanges order)
182 3 eps1, the most extensional eigenvalue of strain tensor, with
184 extension taken positive.
185 4 eps2, the most compressional eigenvalue of strain tensor, with
187 extension taken positive.
188 5 azimuth of eps2 in degrees CW from North.
190
193 No space between the option flag and the associated arguments.
194 -A Arrow_width/Head_length/Head_width Size of arrow in inches.
196 [Default is 0.03/0.12/0.09].
197 -B Sets map boundary annotation and tickmark intervals; see the
199 psbasemap man page for all the details.
200 -C Offset focal mechanisms to the latitude and longitude specified
202 in the last two columns of the input file.
203 -D Sigma_scale can be used to rescale the uncertainties of veloci‐
205 ties (-Se and -Sr) and rotations (-Sw). Can be combined with
206 the confidence variable.
207 -Ffill Sets the color or shade used for frame and annotation. [Default
209 is 0/0/0 (black)]
210 -Efill Sets the color or shade used for filling uncertainty wedges
212 (-Sw) or velocity error ellipses (-Se or -Sr). [If -E is not
213 specified, the uncertainty regions will be transparent.]
214 -Gfill Select filling of ellipses, wedges, and focal mechanisms. By
216 convention, the compressional quadrants of the focal mechanism
217 beach balls are shaded. Set the shade (0-255) or color (r/g/b)
218 [Default is 0/0/0]. Optionally, specify -Gpicon_size/pattern,
219 where pattern gives the number of the image pattern (1-90) OR
220 the name of a icon-format file. icon_size sets the unit size in
221 inches. To invert black and white pixels, use -GP instead of
222 -Gp. See pspatterns for information on individual patterns.
223 -H Input file(s) has Header record(s). Number of header records
225 can be changed by editing your .gmtdefaults4 file. If used, GMT
226 default is 1 header record. Use -Hi if only input data should
227 have header records [Default will write out header records if
228 the input data have them]. Blank lines and lines starting with #
229 are always skipped.
230 -K More PostScript code will be appended later [Default terminates
232 the plot system].
233 -L Draw lines. Ellipses and fault planes will have their outlines
235 drawn using current pen (see -W).
236 -N Do NOT skip symbols that fall outside the frame boundary speci‐
238 fied by -R.
239 [Default plots symbols inside frame only].
240 -O Selects Overlay plot mode [Default initializes a new plot sys‐
242 tem].
243 -P Selects Portrait plotting mode [Default is Landscape, see gmtde‐
245 faults to change this].
246 -U Draw Unix System time stamp on plot. By adding just/dx/dy/, the
248 user may specify the justification of the stamp and where the
249 stamp should fall on the page relative to lower left corner of
250 the plot. For example, BL/0/0 will align the lower left corner
251 of the time stamp with the lower left corner of the plot.
252 Optionally, append a label, or c (which will plot the command
253 string.). The GMT parameters UNIX_TIME, UNIX_TIME_POS, and
254 UNIX_TIME_FORMAT can affect the appearance; see the gmtdefaults
255 man page for details. The time string will be in the locale set
256 by the environment variable TZ (generally local time).
257 -V Selects verbose mode, which will send progress reports to stderr
259 [Default runs "silently"].
260 -W Set pen attributes for velocity arrows, ellipse circumference
262 and fault plane edges.
263 [Defaults: width = 1, color = 0/0/0, texture = solid].
264 -X -Y Shift plot origin relative to the current origin by (x-shift,y-
266 shift) and optionally append the length unit (c, i, m, p). You
267 can prepend a to shift the origin back to the original position
268 after plotting, or prepend r [Default] to reset the current
269 origin to the new location. If -O is used then the default (x-
270 shift,y-shift) is (0,0), otherwise it is (r1i, r1i) or (r2.5c,
271 r2.5c). Alternatively, give c to align the center coordinate (x
272 or y) of the plot with the center of the page based on current
273 page size.
274 -: Toggles between (longitude,latitude) and (latitude,longitude)
276 input and/or output. [Default is (longitude,latitude)]. Append
277 i to select input only or o to select output only. [Default
278 affects both].
279 -c Specifies the number of plot copies. [Default is 1].
281
283 The following should make big red arrows with green ellipses, outlined
284 in red. Note that the 39% confidence scaling will give an ellipse
285 which fits inside a rectangle of dimension Esig by Nsig.
286 psvelo << END -H2 -R-10/10/-10/10 -W0.25p,red -Ggreen -L -Se0.2/0.39/18
288 -B1g1 -Jx0.4/0.4 -A0.1/0.3/0.3 -P -V >! test.ps
289 Long. Lat. Evel Nvel Esig Nsig CorEN SITE
290 (deg) (deg) (mm/yr) (mm/yr)
291 0. -8. 0.0 0.0 4.0 6.0 0.500 4x6
292 -8. 5. 3.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.500 3x3
293 0. 0. 4.0 6.0 4.0 6.0 0.500
294 -5. -5. 6.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 0.500 6x4
295 5. 0. -6.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 -0.500 -6x4
296 0. -5. 6.0 -4.0 6.0 4.0 -0.500 6x-4
297 END
298 This example should plot some residual rates of rotation in the Western
299 Transverse Ranges, California. The wedges will be dark gray, with
300 light gray wedges to represent the 2-sigma uncertainties.
301 psvelo <<END -Sw0.4/1.e7 -W0.75p -Gdarkgray -Elightgray -H1 -D2 -Jm2.2
303 -R240./243./32.5/34.75 -Bf10ma60m/WeSn -P >! test.ps
304 lon lat spin(rad/yr) spin_sigma (rad/yr)
305 241.4806 34.2073 5.65E-08 1.17E-08
306 241.6024 34.4468 -4.85E-08 1.85E-08
307 241.0952 34.4079 4.46E-09 3.07E-08
308 241.2542 34.2581 1.28E-07 1.59E-08
309 242.0593 34.0773 -6.62E-08 1.74E-08
310 241.0553 34.5369 -2.38E-07 4.27E-08
311 241.1993 33.1894 -2.99E-10 7.64E-09
312 241.1084 34.2565 2.17E-08 3.53E-08
313 END
314
317 GMT(1), psbasemap(1), psxy(1)
318
320 Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 1980.
321
323 Kurt Feigl
324 CNRS UMR 5562
325 Toulouse, France
326 (Kurt.Feigl@.cnes.fr)
327 Genevieve Patau
328 CNRS UMR 7580
329 Seismology Dept.
330 Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
331 (patau@ipgp.jussieu.fr)
332GMT 4.3.1 15 May 2008 PSVELO(1)