1XPR(1)                      General Commands Manual                     XPR(1)
2
3
4

NAME

6       xpr - print an X window dump
7

SYNOPSIS

9       xpr  [  -device  devtype ] [ -scale scale ] [ -height inches ] [ -width
10       inches ] [ -left inches ] [ -top inches ] [ -header string ] [ -trailer
11       string ] [ -landscape ] [ -portrait ] [ -plane number ] [ -gray ] [ -rv
12       ] [ -compact ] [ -output filename ] [ -append filename ] [  -noff  ]  [
13       -split  n ] [ -psfig ] [ -density dpi ] [ -cutoff level ] [ -noposition
14       ] [ -gamma correction ] [ -render algorithm ] [ -slide ] [ filename ]
15

DESCRIPTION

17       xpr takes as input a window dump file produced by xwd(1) and formats it
18       for  output  on PostScript printers, the Digital LN03 or LA100, the IBM
19       PP3812 page printer, the HP LaserJet (or other PCL printers), or the HP
20       PaintJet.   If  no  file argument is given, the standard input is used.
21       By default, xpr prints the largest possible representation of the  win‐
22       dow  on  the  output  page.   Options allow the user to add headers and
23       trailers, specify margins, adjust the scale and orientation, and append
24       multiple  window  dumps to a single output file.  Output is to standard
25       output unless -output is specified.
26
27       Command Options
28
29
30       -device devtype
31              Specifies the device on which the file will  be  printed.   Cur‐
32              rently supported:
33                   la100  Digital LA100
34                   ljet   HP  LaserJet series and other monochrome PCL devices
35                          such as  ThinkJet,  QuietJet,  RuggedWriter,  HP2560
36                          series, and HP2930 series printers
37                   ln03   Digital LN03
38                   pjet   HP PaintJet (color mode)
39                   pjetxl HP  HP  PaintJet  XL  Color  Graphics Printer (color
40                          mode)
41                   pp     IBM PP3812
42                   ps     PostScript printer
43
44              The default is PostScript.  -device lw (LaserWriter) is  equiva‐
45              lent  to  -device ps and is provided only for backwards compati‐
46              bility.
47
48       -scale scale
49              Affects the size of the window on  the  page.   The  PostScript,
50              LN03, and HP printers are able to translate each bit in a window
51              pixel map into a grid of a specified size.  For example each bit
52              might  translate  into  a  3x3 grid.  This would be specified by
53              -scale 3.  By default a window is printed with the largest scale
54              that will fit onto the page for the specified orientation.
55
56       -height inches
57              Specifies the maximum height of the page.
58
59       -width inches
60              Specifies the maximum width of the page.
61
62       -left inches
63              Specifies the left margin in inches.  Fractions are allowed.  By
64              default the window is centered in the page.
65
66       -top inches
67              Specifies the top margin for the picture in  inches.   Fractions
68              are allowed.
69
70       -header string
71              Specifies a header string to be printed above the window.
72
73       -trailer string
74              Specifies a trailer string to be printed below the window.
75
76       -landscape
77              Forces  the  window  to printed in landscape mode.  By default a
78              window is printed such that its longest side  follows  the  long
79              side of the paper.
80
81       -plane number
82              Specifies which bit plane to use in an image.  The default is to
83              use the entire image and map values into black and  white  based
84              on color intensities.
85
86       -gray  2 | 3 | 4
87              Uses  a simple 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4 gray scale conversion on a color
88              image, rather than mapping to strictly black  and  white.   This
89              doubles,  triples,  or quadruples the effective width and height
90              of the image.
91
92       -portrait
93              Forces the window to be printed in portrait mode.  By default  a
94              window  is  printed  such that its longest side follows the long
95              side of the paper.
96
97       -rv    Forces the window to be printed in reverse video.
98
99       -compact
100              Uses simple run-length encoding for  compact  representation  of
101              windows with lots of white pixels.
102
103       -output filename
104              Specifies an output file name.  If this option is not specified,
105              standard output is used.
106
107       -append filename
108              Specifies a filename previously produced by  xpr  to  which  the
109              window is to be appended.
110
111       -noff  When  specified  in  conjunction  with  -append, the window will
112              appear on the same page as the previous window.
113
114       -split n
115              This option allows the user  to  split  a  window  onto  several
116              pages.   This  might  be  necessary  for very large windows that
117              would otherwise cause the printer to overload and print the page
118              in an obscure manner.
119
120       -psfig Suppress  translation of the PostScript picture to the center of
121              the page.
122
123       -density dpi
124              Indicates what dot-per-inch density should be  used  by  the  HP
125              printer.
126
127       -cutoff level
128              Changes  the  intensity  level where colors are mapped to either
129              black or white for monochrome output on a LaserJet printer.  The
130              level  is expressed as percentage of full brightness.  Fractions
131              are allowed.
132
133       -noposition
134              This option causes header, trailer, and image  positioning  com‐
135              mand generation to be bypassed for LaserJet, PaintJet and Paint‐
136              Jet XL printers.
137
138       -gamma correction
139              This changes the intensity of the colors printed by PaintJet  XL
140              printer.  The  correction is a floating point value in the range
141              0.00 to 3.00.  Consult the operator's manual  to  determine  the
142              correct value for the specific printer.
143
144       -render algorithm
145              This  allows  PaintJet  XL  printer to render the image with the
146              best quality versus performance tradeoff.   Consult  the  opera‐
147              tor's manual to determine which algorithms are available.
148
149       -slide This  option  allows overhead transparencies to be printed using
150              the PaintJet and PaintJet XL printers.
151
152

SEE ALSO

154       xwd(1), xwud(1), X(1)
155

LIMITATIONS

157       The current version of xpr can generally print out on the LN03  most  X
158       windows  that  are not larger than two-thirds of the screen.  For exam‐
159       ple, it will be able to print out a large Emacs  window,  but  it  will
160       usually  fail when trying to print out the entire screen.  The LN03 has
161       memory limitations that can cause it to incorrectly print very large or
162       complex windows.  The two most common errors encountered are ``band too
163       complex'' and ``page memory exceeded.''  In the first  case,  a  window
164       may  have  a  particular  six  pixel row that contains too many changes
165       (from black to white to black).  This will cause the  printer  to  drop
166       part  of  the  line  and  possibly  parts of the rest of the page.  The
167       printer will flash the number `1' on its front panel when this  problem
168       occurs.   A  possible solution to this problem is to increase the scale
169       of the picture, or to split the picture onto two or  more  pages.   The
170       second  problem,  ``page  memory  exceeded,'' will occur if the picture
171       contains too much black, or if the picture contains complex  half-tones
172       such  as  the  background color of a display.  When this problem occurs
173       the printer will automatically split  the  picture  into  two  or  more
174       pages.   It  may  flash  the number `5' on its from panel.  There is no
175       easy solution to this problem.  It will probably be necessary to either
176       cut  and  paste, or to rework the application to produce a less complex
177       picture.
178
179       There are several limitations on the LA100 support:  the  picture  will
180       always be printed in portrait mode, there is no scaling, and the aspect
181       ratio will be slightly off.
182
183       Support for PostScript output  currently  cannot  handle  the  -append,
184       -noff or -split options.
185
186       The  -compact  option is only supported for PostScript output.  It com‐
187       presses white space but not black  space,  so  it  is  not  useful  for
188       reverse-video windows.
189
190       For color images, should map directly to PostScript image support.
191
192

HP PRINTERS

194       If  no -density is specified on the command line 300 dots per inch will
195       be assumed for ljet and 90 dots per inch for pjet.   Allowable  density
196       values  for a LaserJet printer are 300, 150, 100, and 75 dots per inch.
197       Consult the operator's manual to determine densities supported by other
198       printers.
199
200       If  no -scale is specified the image will be expanded to fit the print‐
201       able page area.
202
203       The default printable page area is 8x10.5 inches. Other paper sizes can
204       be accommodated using the -height and -width options.
205
206       Note  that  a  1024x768 image fits the default printable area when pro‐
207       cessed at 100 dpi with scale=1, the same  image  can  also  be  printed
208       using  300  dpi with scale=3 but will require considerably more data be
209       transferred to the printer.
210
211       xpr may be tailored for use with monochrome PCL printers other than the
212       LaserJet.  To print on a ThinkJet (HP2225A) xpr could be invoked as:
213
214           xpr -density 96 -width 6.667 filename
215
216       or for black-and-white output to a PaintJet:
217
218           xpr -density 180 filename
219
220       The  monochrome  intensity  of a pixel is computed as 0.30*R + 0.59*G +
221       0.11*B.  If a pixel's computed intensity is less than the -cutoff level
222       it  will  print  as  white.   This maps light-on-dark display images to
223       black-on-white hardcopy.  The default cutoff intensity is 50%  of  full
224       brightness.   Example:  specifying  -cutoff  87.5 moves the white/black
225       intensity point to 87.5% of full brightness.
226
227       A LaserJet printer must be configured with sufficient memory to  handle
228       the  image.   For a full page at 300 dots per inch approximately 2MB of
229       printer memory is required.
230
231       Color images are produced on the PaintJet at 90  dots  per  inch.   The
232       PaintJet  is  limited  to  sixteen colors from its 330 color palette on
233       each horizontal print line.  xpr will issue a warning message  if  more
234       than  sixteen  colors  are encountered on a line.  xpr will program the
235       PaintJet for the first sixteen colors encountered on each line and  use
236       the  nearest  matching programmed value for other colors present on the
237       line.
238
239       Specifying the -rv, reverse video, option for the PaintJet  will  cause
240       black  and white to be interchanged on the output image.  No other col‐
241       ors are changed.
242
243       Multiplane images must be recorded by xwd in  ZPixmap  format.   Single
244       plane (monochrome) images may be in either XYPixmap or ZPixmap format.
245
246       Some  PCL printers do not recognize image positioning commands.  Output
247       for these printers will not be centered on  the  page  and  header  and
248       trailer strings may not appear where expected.
249
250       The  -gamma  and  -render options are supported only on the PaintJet XL
251       printers.
252
253       The -slide option is not supported for LaserJet printers.
254
255       The -split option is not supported for HP printers.
256
257       The -gray option is not supported for HP or IBM printers.
258       Copyright 1986, Marvin Solomon and the University of Wisconsin.
259       Copyright 1988, Hewlett Packard Company.
260       See X(1) for a full statement of rights and permissions.
261

AUTHORS

263       Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT  Project  Athena,  Jose  Capo,  MIT  Project
264       Athena  (PP3812  support), Marvin Solomon, University of Wisconsin, Bob
265       Scheifler, MIT, Angela Bock and E. Mike Durbin, Rich Inc.  (grayscale),
266       Larry Rupp, HP (HP printer support).
267
268
269
270X Version 11                       Release 6                            XPR(1)
Impressum