1DEBOOTSTRAP(8) Debian GNU/Linux manual DEBOOTSTRAP(8)
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6 debootstrap - Bootstrap a basic Debian system
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9 debootstrap [OPTION...] SUITE TARGET [MIRROR [SCRIPT]]
10 debootstrap [OPTION...] --second-stage
12
14 debootstrap bootstraps a basic Debian system of SUITE into TARGET from
15 MIRROR by running SCRIPT. MIRROR can be an http:// URL, a file:///
16 URL, or an ssh:/// URL.
17 The SUITE may be a release code name (eg, sid, wheezy, squeeze, lenny)
19 or a symbolic name (eg, unstable, testing, stable, oldstable)
20 Notice that file:/ URLs are translated to file:/// (correct scheme as
22 described in RFC1738 for local filenames), and file:// will not work.
23 ssh://USER@HOST/PATH URLs are retrieved using scp; use of ssh-agent or
24 similar is strongly recommended.
25 Debootstrap can be used to install Debian in a system without using an
27 installation disk but can also be used to run a different Debian flavor
28 in a chroot environment. This way you can create a full (minimal)
29 Debian installation which can be used for testing purposes (see the
30 EXAMPLES section). If you are looking for a chroot system to build
31 packages please take a look at pbuilder.
32
34 --arch=ARCH
35 Set the target architecture (use if dpkg isn't installed). See
36 also --foreign.
37 --include=alpha,beta
39 Comma separated list of packages which will be added to download
40 and extract lists.
41 --exclude=alpha,beta
43 Comma separated list of packages which will be removed from
44 download and extract lists. WARNING: you can and probably will
45 exclude essential packages, be careful using this option.
46 --components=alpha,beta
48 Use packages from the listed components of the archive.
49 --no-resolve-deps
51 By default, debootstrap will attempt to automatically resolve
52 any missing dependencies, warning if any are found. Note that
53 this is not a complete dependency resolve in the sense of dpkg
54 or apt, and that it is far better to specify the entire base
55 system than rely on this option. With this option set, this be‐
56 haviour is disabled.
57 --variant=minbase|buildd|fakechroot|scratchbox
59 Name of the bootstrap script variant to use. Currently, the
60 variants supported are minbase, which only includes essential
61 packages and apt; buildd, which installs the build-essential
62 packages into TARGET; and fakechroot, which installs the pack‐
63 ages without root privileges. Finally there is variant scratch‐
64 box, which is for creating targets for scratchbox usage. The
65 default, with no --variant=X argument, is to create a base
66 Debian installation in TARGET.
67 --keyring=KEYRING
69 Override the default keyring for the distribution being boot‐
70 strapped, and use KEYRING to check signatures of retrieved
71 Release files.
72 --no-check-gpg
74 Disables checking gpg signatures of retrieved Release files.
75 --verbose
77 Produce more info about downloading.
78 --print-debs
80 Print the packages to be installed, and exit. Note that a TAR‐
81 GET directory must be specified so debootstrap can download
82 Packages files to determine which packages should be installed,
83 and to resolve dependencies. The TARGET directory will be
84 deleted unless --keep-debootstrap-dir is specified.
85 --download-only
87 Download packages, but don't perform installation.
88 --foreign
90 Do the initial unpack phase of bootstrapping only, for example
91 if the target architecture does not match the host architecture.
92 A copy of debootstrap sufficient for completing the bootstrap
93 process will be installed as /debootstrap/debootstrap in the
94 target filesystem. You can run it with the --second-stage
95 option to complete the bootstrapping process.
96 --second-stage
98 Complete the bootstrapping process. Other arguments are gener‐
99 ally not needed.
100 --second-stage-target=DIR
102 Run second stage in a subdirectory instead of root. (can be used
103 to create a foreign chroot) (requires --second-stage)
104 --keep-debootstrap-dir
106 Don't delete the /debootstrap directory in the target after com‐
107 pleting the installation.
108 --unpack-tarball=FILE
110 Acquire .debs from tarball FILE instead of downloading via http.
111 --make-tarball=FILE
113 Instead of bootstrapping, make a tarball (written to FILE) of
114 the downloaded packages. The resulting tarball may be passed to
115 a later --unpack-tarball.
116 --debian-installer
118 Used for internal purposes by the debian-installer
119 --extractor=TYPE
121 Override automatic .deb extractor selection to TYPE. Supported
122 extractors are: dpkg-deb and ar.
123 --no-check-certificate
125 Do not check certificate against certificate authorities
126 --certificate=FILE
128 Use the client certificate stored in file (PEM)
129 --private-key=FILE
131 Read the private key from file
132
135 To setup a wheezy system:
136 debootstrap wheezy ./wheezy-chroot http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian
138 debootstrap wheezy ./wheezy-chroot file:///LOCAL_MIRROR/debian
140 Full process to create a complete Debian installation of sid (unstable)
142 in a chroot:
143 main # debootstrap sid sid-root http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/
145 [ ... watch it download the whole system ]
146 main # echo "proc sid-root/proc proc defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
147 main # mount proc sid-root/proc -t proc
148 main # echo "sysfs sid-root/sys sysfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
149 main # mount sysfs sid-root/sys -t sysfs
150 main # cp /etc/hosts sid-root/etc/hosts
151 main # chroot sid-root /bin/bash
152
154 debootstrap was written by Anthony Towns <ajt@debian.org>. This man‐
155 page was written by Matt Kraai <kraai@debian.org>.
156Debian Project 2001-04-27 DEBOOTSTRAP(8)