1PERLMODLIB(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLMODLIB(1)
2
3
4
6 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
7
9 Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are
10 described below, and all end in .pm. You may discover compiled library
11 files (usually ending in .so) or small pieces of modules to be
12 autoloaded (ending in .al); these were automatically generated by the
13 installation process. You may also discover files in the library
14 directory that end in either .pl or .ph. These are old libraries
15 supplied so that old programs that use them still run. The .pl files
16 will all eventually be converted into standard modules, and the .ph
17 files made by h2ph will probably end up as extension modules made by
18 h2xs. (Some .ph values may already be available through the POSIX,
19 Errno, or Fcntl modules.) The pl2pm file in the distribution may help
20 in your conversion, but it's just a mechanical process and therefore
21 far from bulletproof.
22
23 Pragmatic Modules
24 They work somewhat like compiler directives (pragmata) in that they
25 tend to affect the compilation of your program, and thus will usually
26 work well only when used within a "use", or "no". Most of these are
27 lexically scoped, so an inner BLOCK may countermand them by saying:
28
29 no integer;
30 no strict 'refs';
31 no warnings;
32
33 which lasts until the end of that BLOCK.
34
35 Some pragmas are lexically scoped--typically those that affect the $^H
36 hints variable. Others affect the current package instead, like "use
37 vars" and "use subs", which allow you to predeclare a variables or
38 subroutines within a particular file rather than just a block. Such
39 declarations are effective for the entire file for which they were
40 declared. You cannot rescind them with "no vars" or "no subs".
41
42 The following pragmas are defined (and have their own documentation).
43
44 arybase Set indexing base via $[
45
46 attributes Get/set subroutine or variable attributes
47
48 autodie Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with
49 lexical scope
50
51 autodie::exception
52 Exceptions from autodying functions.
53
54 autodie::exception::system
55 Exceptions from autodying system().
56
57 autodie::hints
58 Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie
59
60 autodie::skip
61 Skip a package when throwing autodie exceptions
62
63 autouse Postpone load of modules until a function is used
64
65 base Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile
66 time
67
68 bigint Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
69
70 bignum Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
71
72 bigrat Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
73
74 blib Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
75
76 bytes Expose the individual bytes of characters
77
78 charnames Access to Unicode character names and named character
79 sequences; also define character names
80
81 constant Declare constants
82
83 deprecate Perl pragma for deprecating the core version of a module
84
85 diagnostics Produce verbose warning diagnostics
86
87 encoding Allows you to write your script in non-ASCII and non-UTF-8
88
89 encoding::warnings
90 Warn on implicit encoding conversions
91
92 experimental
93 Experimental features made easy
94
95 feature Enable new features
96
97 fields Compile-time class fields
98
99 filetest Control the filetest permission operators
100
101 if "use" a Perl module if a condition holds (also can "no" a
102 module)
103
104 integer Use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
105
106 less Request less of something
107
108 lib Manipulate @INC at compile time
109
110 locale Use or avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
111
112 mro Method Resolution Order
113
114 ok Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
115
116 open Set default PerlIO layers for input and output
117
118 ops Restrict unsafe operations when compiling
119
120 overload Package for overloading Perl operations
121
122 overloading Lexically control overloading
123
124 parent Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile
125 time
126
127 re Alter regular expression behaviour
128
129 sigtrap Enable simple signal handling
130
131 sort Control sort() behaviour
132
133 strict Restrict unsafe constructs
134
135 subs Predeclare sub names
136
137 threads Perl interpreter-based threads
138
139 threads::shared
140 Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads
141
142 utf8 Enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
143
144 vars Predeclare global variable names
145
146 version Perl extension for Version Objects
147
148 vmsish Control VMS-specific language features
149
150 warnings::register
151 Warnings import function
152
153 Standard Modules
154 Standard, bundled modules are all expected to behave in a well-defined
155 manner with respect to namespace pollution because they use the
156 Exporter module. See their own documentation for details.
157
158 It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on your
159 system. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if you
160 don't have the gdbm library.
161
162 Amiga::ARexx
163 Perl extension for ARexx support
164
165 Amiga::Exec Perl extension for low level amiga support
166
167 AnyDBM_File Provide framework for multiple DBMs
168
169 App::Cpan Easily interact with CPAN from the command line
170
171 App::Prove Implements the "prove" command.
172
173 App::Prove::State
174 State storage for the "prove" command.
175
176 App::Prove::State::Result
177 Individual test suite results.
178
179 App::Prove::State::Result::Test
180 Individual test results.
181
182 Archive::Tar
183 Module for manipulations of tar archives
184
185 Archive::Tar::File
186 A subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar
187
188 Attribute::Handlers
189 Simpler definition of attribute handlers
190
191 AutoLoader Load subroutines only on demand
192
193 AutoSplit Split a package for autoloading
194
195 B The Perl Compiler Backend
196
197 B::Concise Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
198
199 B::Debug Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
200
201 B::Deparse Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
202
203 B::Op_private
204 OP op_private flag definitions
205
206 B::Showlex Show lexical variables used in functions or files
207
208 B::Terse Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
209
210 B::Xref Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
211
212 Benchmark Benchmark running times of Perl code
213
214 "IO::Socket::IP"
215 Family-neutral IP socket supporting both IPv4 and IPv6
216
217 "Socket" Networking constants and support functions
218
219 CORE Namespace for Perl's core routines
220
221 CPAN Query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
222
223 CPAN::API::HOWTO
224 A recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
225
226 CPAN::Debug Internal debugging for CPAN.pm
227
228 CPAN::Distroprefs
229 Read and match distroprefs
230
231 CPAN::FirstTime
232 Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
233
234 CPAN::HandleConfig
235 Internal configuration handling for CPAN.pm
236
237 CPAN::Kwalify
238 Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
239
240 CPAN::Meta The distribution metadata for a CPAN dist
241
242 CPAN::Meta::Converter
243 Convert CPAN distribution metadata structures
244
245 CPAN::Meta::Feature
246 An optional feature provided by a CPAN distribution
247
248 CPAN::Meta::History
249 History of CPAN Meta Spec changes
250
251 CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0
252 Version 1.0 metadata specification for META.yml
253
254 CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1
255 Version 1.1 metadata specification for META.yml
256
257 CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2
258 Version 1.2 metadata specification for META.yml
259
260 CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3
261 Version 1.3 metadata specification for META.yml
262
263 CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4
264 Version 1.4 metadata specification for META.yml
265
266 CPAN::Meta::Merge
267 Merging CPAN Meta fragments
268
269 CPAN::Meta::Prereqs
270 A set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type
271
272 CPAN::Meta::Requirements
273 A set of version requirements for a CPAN dist
274
275 CPAN::Meta::Spec
276 Specification for CPAN distribution metadata
277
278 CPAN::Meta::Validator
279 Validate CPAN distribution metadata structures
280
281 CPAN::Meta::YAML
282 Read and write a subset of YAML for CPAN Meta files
283
284 CPAN::Nox Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module
285
286 CPAN::Plugin
287 Base class for CPAN shell extensions
288
289 CPAN::Plugin::Specfile
290 Proof of concept implementation of a trivial CPAN::Plugin
291
292 CPAN::Queue Internal queue support for CPAN.pm
293
294 CPAN::Tarzip
295 Internal handling of tar archives for CPAN.pm
296
297 CPAN::Version
298 Utility functions to compare CPAN versions
299
300 Carp Alternative warn and die for modules
301
302 Class::Struct
303 Declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
304
305 Compress::Raw::Bzip2
306 Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library
307
308 Compress::Raw::Zlib
309 Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
310
311 Compress::Zlib
312 Interface to zlib compression library
313
314 Config Access Perl configuration information
315
316 Config::Perl::V
317 Structured data retrieval of perl -V output
318
319 Cwd Get pathname of current working directory
320
321 DB Programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
322
323 DBM_Filter Filter DBM keys/values
324
325 DBM_Filter::compress
326 Filter for DBM_Filter
327
328 DBM_Filter::encode
329 Filter for DBM_Filter
330
331 DBM_Filter::int32
332 Filter for DBM_Filter
333
334 DBM_Filter::null
335 Filter for DBM_Filter
336
337 DBM_Filter::utf8
338 Filter for DBM_Filter
339
340 DB_File Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
341
342 Data::Dumper
343 Stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
344 printing and "eval"
345
346 Devel::PPPort
347 Perl/Pollution/Portability
348
349 Devel::Peek A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
350
351 Devel::SelfStubber
352 Generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
353
354 Digest Modules that calculate message digests
355
356 Digest::MD5 Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
357
358 Digest::SHA Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
359
360 Digest::base
361 Digest base class
362
363 Digest::file
364 Calculate digests of files
365
366 DirHandle Supply object methods for directory handles
367
368 Dumpvalue Provides screen dump of Perl data.
369
370 DynaLoader Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
371
372 Encode Character encodings in Perl
373
374 Encode::Alias
375 Alias definitions to encodings
376
377 Encode::Byte
378 Single Byte Encodings
379
380 Encode::CJKConstants
381 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
382
383 Encode::CN China-based Chinese Encodings
384
385 Encode::CN::HZ
386 Internally used by Encode::CN
387
388 Encode::Config
389 Internally used by Encode
390
391 Encode::EBCDIC
392 EBCDIC Encodings
393
394 Encode::Encoder
395 Object Oriented Encoder
396
397 Encode::Encoding
398 Encode Implementation Base Class
399
400 Encode::GSM0338
401 ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
402
403 Encode::Guess
404 Guesses encoding from data
405
406 Encode::JP Japanese Encodings
407
408 Encode::JP::H2Z
409 Internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
410
411 Encode::JP::JIS7
412 Internally used by Encode::JP
413
414 Encode::KR Korean Encodings
415
416 Encode::KR::2022_KR
417 Internally used by Encode::KR
418
419 Encode::MIME::Header
420 MIME encoding for an unstructured email header
421
422 Encode::MIME::Name
423 Internally used by Encode
424
425 Encode::PerlIO
426 A detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
427
428 Encode::Supported
429 Encodings supported by Encode
430
431 Encode::Symbol
432 Symbol Encodings
433
434 Encode::TW Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
435
436 Encode::Unicode
437 Various Unicode Transformation Formats
438
439 Encode::Unicode::UTF7
440 UTF-7 encoding
441
442 English Use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
443 variables
444
445 Env Perl module that imports environment variables as scalars
446 or arrays
447
448 Errno System errno constants
449
450 Exporter Implements default import method for modules
451
452 Exporter::Heavy
453 Exporter guts
454
455 ExtUtils::CBuilder
456 Compile and link C code for Perl modules
457
458 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows
459 Builder class for Windows platforms
460
461 ExtUtils::Command
462 Utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.
463
464 ExtUtils::Command::MM
465 Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
466
467 ExtUtils::Constant
468 Generate XS code to import C header constants
469
470 ExtUtils::Constant::Base
471 Base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
472
473 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils
474 Helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
475
476 ExtUtils::Constant::XS
477 Generate C code for XS modules' constants.
478
479 ExtUtils::Embed
480 Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
481
482 ExtUtils::Install
483 Install files from here to there
484
485 ExtUtils::Installed
486 Inventory management of installed modules
487
488 ExtUtils::Liblist
489 Determine libraries to use and how to use them
490
491 ExtUtils::MM
492 OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
493
494 ExtUtils::MM::Utils
495 ExtUtils::MM methods without dependency on
496 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
497
498 ExtUtils::MM_AIX
499 AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
500
501 ExtUtils::MM_Any
502 Platform-agnostic MM methods
503
504 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS
505 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
506
507 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin
508 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
509
510 ExtUtils::MM_DOS
511 DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
512
513 ExtUtils::MM_Darwin
514 Special behaviors for OS X
515
516 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS
517 Once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
518
519 ExtUtils::MM_NW5
520 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
521
522 ExtUtils::MM_OS2
523 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
524
525 ExtUtils::MM_QNX
526 QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
527
528 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN
529 U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
530
531 ExtUtils::MM_Unix
532 Methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
533
534 ExtUtils::MM_VMS
535 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
536
537 ExtUtils::MM_VOS
538 VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
539
540 ExtUtils::MM_Win32
541 Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
542
543 ExtUtils::MM_Win95
544 Method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
545
546 ExtUtils::MY
547 ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
548
549 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
550 Create a module Makefile
551
552 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config
553 Wrapper around Config.pm
554
555 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ
556 Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
557
558 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale
559 Bundled Encode::Locale
560
561 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial
562 Writing a module with MakeMaker
563
564 ExtUtils::Manifest
565 Utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
566
567 ExtUtils::Miniperl
568 Write the C code for miniperlmain.c and perlmain.c
569
570 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap
571 Make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
572
573 ExtUtils::Mksymlists
574 Write linker options files for dynamic extension
575
576 ExtUtils::Packlist
577 Manage .packlist files
578
579 ExtUtils::ParseXS
580 Converts Perl XS code into C code
581
582 ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants
583 Initialization values for some globals
584
585 ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval
586 Clean package to evaluate code in
587
588 ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities
589 Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS
590
591 ExtUtils::Typemaps
592 Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files
593
594 ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd
595 Quick commands for handling typemaps
596
597 ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap
598 Entry in the INPUT section of a typemap
599
600 ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap
601 Entry in the OUTPUT section of a typemap
602
603 ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type
604 Entry in the TYPEMAP section of a typemap
605
606 ExtUtils::XSSymSet
607 Keep sets of symbol names palatable to the VMS linker
608
609 ExtUtils::testlib
610 Add blib/* directories to @INC
611
612 Fatal Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
613
614 Fcntl Load the C Fcntl.h defines
615
616 File::Basename
617 Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
618
619 File::Compare
620 Compare files or filehandles
621
622 File::Copy Copy files or filehandles
623
624 File::DosGlob
625 DOS like globbing and then some
626
627 File::Fetch A generic file fetching mechanism
628
629 File::Find Traverse a directory tree.
630
631 File::Glob Perl extension for BSD glob routine
632
633 File::GlobMapper
634 Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
635
636 File::Path Create or remove directory trees
637
638 File::Spec Portably perform operations on file names
639
640 File::Spec::AmigaOS
641 File::Spec for AmigaOS
642
643 File::Spec::Cygwin
644 Methods for Cygwin file specs
645
646 File::Spec::Epoc
647 Methods for Epoc file specs
648
649 File::Spec::Functions
650 Portably perform operations on file names
651
652 File::Spec::Mac
653 File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
654
655 File::Spec::OS2
656 Methods for OS/2 file specs
657
658 File::Spec::Unix
659 File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
660
661 File::Spec::VMS
662 Methods for VMS file specs
663
664 File::Spec::Win32
665 Methods for Win32 file specs
666
667 File::Temp Return name and handle of a temporary file safely
668
669 File::stat By-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
670
671 FileCache Keep more files open than the system permits
672
673 FileHandle Supply object methods for filehandles
674
675 Filter::Simple
676 Simplified source filtering
677
678 Filter::Util::Call
679 Perl Source Filter Utility Module
680
681 FindBin Locate directory of original perl script
682
683 GDBM_File Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
684
685 Getopt::Long
686 Extended processing of command line options
687
688 Getopt::Std Process single-character switches with switch clustering
689
690 HTTP::Tiny A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
691
692 Hash::Util A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
693
694 Hash::Util::FieldHash
695 Support for Inside-Out Classes
696
697 I18N::Collate
698 Compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
699
700 I18N::LangTags
701 Functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
702
703 I18N::LangTags::Detect
704 Detect the user's language preferences
705
706 I18N::LangTags::List
707 Tags and names for human languages
708
709 I18N::Langinfo
710 Query locale information
711
712 IO Load various IO modules
713
714 IO::Compress::Base
715 Base Class for IO::Compress modules
716
717 IO::Compress::Bzip2
718 Write bzip2 files/buffers
719
720 IO::Compress::Deflate
721 Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
722
723 IO::Compress::FAQ
724 Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress
725
726 IO::Compress::Gzip
727 Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
728
729 IO::Compress::RawDeflate
730 Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
731
732 IO::Compress::Zip
733 Write zip files/buffers
734
735 IO::Dir Supply object methods for directory handles
736
737 IO::File Supply object methods for filehandles
738
739 IO::Handle Supply object methods for I/O handles
740
741 IO::Pipe Supply object methods for pipes
742
743 IO::Poll Object interface to system poll call
744
745 IO::Seekable
746 Supply seek based methods for I/O objects
747
748 IO::Select OO interface to the select system call
749
750 IO::Socket Object interface to socket communications
751
752 IO::Socket::INET
753 Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
754
755 IO::Socket::UNIX
756 Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
757
758 IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate
759 Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
760
761 IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress
762 Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer
763
764 IO::Uncompress::Base
765 Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
766
767 IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2
768 Read bzip2 files/buffers
769
770 IO::Uncompress::Gunzip
771 Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
772
773 IO::Uncompress::Inflate
774 Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
775
776 IO::Uncompress::RawInflate
777 Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
778
779 IO::Uncompress::Unzip
780 Read zip files/buffers
781
782 IO::Zlib IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib
783
784 IPC::Cmd Finding and running system commands made easy
785
786 IPC::Msg SysV Msg IPC object class
787
788 IPC::Open2 Open a process for both reading and writing using open2()
789
790 IPC::Open3 Open a process for reading, writing, and error handling
791 using open3()
792
793 IPC::Semaphore
794 SysV Semaphore IPC object class
795
796 IPC::SharedMem
797 SysV Shared Memory IPC object class
798
799 IPC::SysV System V IPC constants and system calls
800
801 Internals Reserved special namespace for internals related functions
802
803 JSON::PP JSON::XS compatible pure-Perl module.
804
805 JSON::PP::Boolean
806 Dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean
807
808 List::Util A selection of general-utility list subroutines
809
810 List::Util::XS
811 Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler
812
813 Locale::Codes
814 A distribution of modules to handle locale codes
815
816 Locale::Codes::API
817 A description of the callable function in each module
818
819 Locale::Codes::Changes
820 Details changes to Locale::Codes
821
822 Locale::Codes::Country
823 Standard codes for country identification
824
825 Locale::Codes::Currency
826 Standard codes for currency identification
827
828 Locale::Codes::LangExt
829 Standard codes for language extension identification
830
831 Locale::Codes::LangFam
832 Standard codes for language extension identification
833
834 Locale::Codes::LangVar
835 Standard codes for language variation identification
836
837 Locale::Codes::Language
838 Standard codes for language identification
839
840 Locale::Codes::Script
841 Standard codes for script identification
842
843 Locale::Country
844 Standard codes for country identification
845
846 Locale::Currency
847 Standard codes for currency identification
848
849 Locale::Language
850 Standard codes for language identification
851
852 Locale::Maketext
853 Framework for localization
854
855 Locale::Maketext::Cookbook
856 Recipes for using Locale::Maketext
857
858 Locale::Maketext::Guts
859 Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
860
861 Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader
862 Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
863
864 Locale::Maketext::Simple
865 Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
866
867 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13
868 Article about software localization
869
870 Locale::Script
871 Standard codes for script identification
872
873 MIME::Base64
874 Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
875
876 MIME::QuotedPrint
877 Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
878
879 Math::BigFloat
880 Arbitrary size floating point math package
881
882 Math::BigInt
883 Arbitrary size integer/float math package
884
885 Math::BigInt::Calc
886 Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
887
888 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu
889 Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
890
891 Math::BigInt::FastCalc
892 Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed
893
894 Math::BigInt::Lib
895 Virtual parent class for Math::BigInt libraries
896
897 Math::BigRat
898 Arbitrary big rational numbers
899
900 Math::Complex
901 Complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
902
903 Math::Trig Trigonometric functions
904
905 Memoize Make functions faster by trading space for time
906
907 Memoize::AnyDBM_File
908 Glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use
909
910 Memoize::Expire
911 Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
912
913 Memoize::ExpireFile
914 Test for Memoize expiration semantics
915
916 Memoize::ExpireTest
917 Test for Memoize expiration semantics
918
919 Memoize::NDBM_File
920 Glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
921
922 Memoize::SDBM_File
923 Glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use
924
925 Memoize::Storable
926 Store Memoized data in Storable database
927
928 Module::CoreList
929 What modules shipped with versions of perl
930
931 Module::CoreList::Utils
932 What utilities shipped with versions of perl
933
934 Module::Load
935 Runtime require of both modules and files
936
937 Module::Load::Conditional
938 Looking up module information / loading at runtime
939
940 Module::Loaded
941 Mark modules as loaded or unloaded
942
943 Module::Metadata
944 Gather package and POD information from perl module files
945
946 NDBM_File Tied access to ndbm files
947
948 NEXT Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
949 redispatch
950
951 Net::Cmd Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
952
953 Net::Config Local configuration data for libnet
954
955 Net::Domain Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and
956 domain
957
958 Net::FTP FTP Client class
959
960 Net::FTP::dataconn
961 FTP Client data connection class
962
963 Net::NNTP NNTP Client class
964
965 Net::Netrc OO interface to users netrc file
966
967 Net::POP3 Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
968
969 Net::Ping Check a remote host for reachability
970
971 Net::SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
972
973 Net::Time Time and daytime network client interface
974
975 Net::hostent
976 By-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
977
978 Net::libnetFAQ
979 Libnet Frequently Asked Questions
980
981 Net::netent By-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
982
983 Net::protoent
984 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
985
986 Net::servent
987 By-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
988
989 O Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
990
991 ODBM_File Tied access to odbm files
992
993 Opcode Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
994
995 POSIX Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
996
997 Params::Check
998 A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
999
1000 Parse::CPAN::Meta
1001 Parse META.yml and META.json CPAN metadata files
1002
1003 Perl::OSType
1004 Map Perl operating system names to generic types
1005
1006 PerlIO On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
1007 name space
1008
1009 PerlIO::encoding
1010 Encoding layer
1011
1012 PerlIO::mmap
1013 Memory mapped IO
1014
1015 PerlIO::scalar
1016 In-memory IO, scalar IO
1017
1018 PerlIO::via Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
1019
1020 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint
1021 PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
1022
1023 Pod::Checker
1024 Check pod documents for syntax errors
1025
1026 Pod::Escapes
1027 For resolving Pod E<...> sequences
1028
1029 Pod::Find Find POD documents in directory trees
1030
1031 Pod::Functions
1032 Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod
1033
1034 Pod::Html Module to convert pod files to HTML
1035
1036 Pod::InputObjects
1037 Objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
1038
1039 Pod::Man Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
1040
1041 Pod::ParseLink
1042 Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text
1043
1044 Pod::ParseUtils
1045 Helpers for POD parsing and conversion
1046
1047 Pod::Parser Base class for creating POD filters and translators
1048
1049 Pod::Perldoc
1050 Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
1051
1052 Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo
1053 Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters
1054
1055 Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO
1056 Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc
1057
1058 Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI
1059 Render Pod with ANSI color escapes
1060
1061 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker
1062 Let Perldoc check Pod for errors
1063
1064 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan
1065 Let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
1066
1067 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff
1068 Let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
1069
1070 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod
1071 Let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
1072
1073 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf
1074 Let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
1075
1076 Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm
1077 Render Pod with terminal escapes
1078
1079 Pod::Perldoc::ToText
1080 Let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
1081
1082 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk
1083 Let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
1084
1085 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml
1086 Let Perldoc render Pod as XML
1087
1088 Pod::PlainText
1089 Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
1090
1091 Pod::Select Extract selected sections of POD from input
1092
1093 Pod::Simple Framework for parsing Pod
1094
1095 Pod::Simple::Checker
1096 Check the Pod syntax of a document
1097
1098 Pod::Simple::Debug
1099 Put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
1100
1101 Pod::Simple::DumpAsText
1102 Dump Pod-parsing events as text
1103
1104 Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML
1105 Turn Pod into XML
1106
1107 Pod::Simple::HTML
1108 Convert Pod to HTML
1109
1110 Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch
1111 Convert several Pod files to several HTML files
1112
1113 Pod::Simple::LinkSection
1114 Represent "section" attributes of L codes
1115
1116 Pod::Simple::Methody
1117 Turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
1118
1119 Pod::Simple::PullParser
1120 A pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
1121
1122 Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken
1123 End-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1124
1125 Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken
1126 Start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1127
1128 Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken
1129 Text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1130
1131 Pod::Simple::PullParserToken
1132 Tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
1133
1134 Pod::Simple::RTF
1135 Format Pod as RTF
1136
1137 Pod::Simple::Search
1138 Find POD documents in directory trees
1139
1140 Pod::Simple::SimpleTree
1141 Parse Pod into a simple parse tree
1142
1143 Pod::Simple::Subclassing
1144 Write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass
1145
1146 Pod::Simple::Text
1147 Format Pod as plaintext
1148
1149 Pod::Simple::TextContent
1150 Get the text content of Pod
1151
1152 Pod::Simple::XHTML
1153 Format Pod as validating XHTML
1154
1155 Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream
1156 Turn Pod into XML
1157
1158 Pod::Text Convert POD data to formatted text
1159
1160 Pod::Text::Color
1161 Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
1162
1163 Pod::Text::Termcap
1164 Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
1165
1166 Pod::Usage Print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
1167
1168 SDBM_File Tied access to sdbm files
1169
1170 Safe Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
1171
1172 Scalar::Util
1173 A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
1174
1175 Search::Dict
1176 Look - search for key in dictionary file
1177
1178 SelectSaver Save and restore selected file handle
1179
1180 SelfLoader Load functions only on demand
1181
1182 Storable Persistence for Perl data structures
1183
1184 Sub::Util A selection of utility subroutines for subs and CODE
1185 references
1186
1187 Symbol Manipulate Perl symbols and their names
1188
1189 Sys::Hostname
1190 Try every conceivable way to get hostname
1191
1192 Sys::Syslog Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
1193
1194 Sys::Syslog::Win32
1195 Win32 support for Sys::Syslog
1196
1197 TAP::Base Base class that provides common functionality to
1198 TAP::Parser
1199
1200 TAP::Formatter::Base
1201 Base class for harness output delegates
1202
1203 TAP::Formatter::Color
1204 Run Perl test scripts with color
1205
1206 TAP::Formatter::Console
1207 Harness output delegate for default console output
1208
1209 TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession
1210 Harness output delegate for parallel console output
1211
1212 TAP::Formatter::Console::Session
1213 Harness output delegate for default console output
1214
1215 TAP::Formatter::File
1216 Harness output delegate for file output
1217
1218 TAP::Formatter::File::Session
1219 Harness output delegate for file output
1220
1221 TAP::Formatter::Session
1222 Abstract base class for harness output delegate
1223
1224 TAP::Harness
1225 Run test scripts with statistics
1226
1227 TAP::Harness::Env
1228 Parsing harness related environmental variables where
1229 appropriate
1230
1231 TAP::Object Base class that provides common functionality to all
1232 "TAP::*" modules
1233
1234 TAP::Parser Parse TAP output
1235
1236 TAP::Parser::Aggregator
1237 Aggregate TAP::Parser results
1238
1239 TAP::Parser::Grammar
1240 A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.
1241
1242 TAP::Parser::Iterator
1243 Base class for TAP source iterators
1244
1245 TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array
1246 Iterator for array-based TAP sources
1247
1248 TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process
1249 Iterator for process-based TAP sources
1250
1251 TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream
1252 Iterator for filehandle-based TAP sources
1253
1254 TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory
1255 Figures out which SourceHandler objects to use for a given
1256 Source
1257
1258 TAP::Parser::Multiplexer
1259 Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers
1260
1261 TAP::Parser::Result
1262 Base class for TAP::Parser output objects
1263
1264 TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout
1265 Bailout result token.
1266
1267 TAP::Parser::Result::Comment
1268 Comment result token.
1269
1270 TAP::Parser::Result::Plan
1271 Plan result token.
1272
1273 TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma
1274 TAP pragma token.
1275
1276 TAP::Parser::Result::Test
1277 Test result token.
1278
1279 TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown
1280 Unknown result token.
1281
1282 TAP::Parser::Result::Version
1283 TAP syntax version token.
1284
1285 TAP::Parser::Result::YAML
1286 YAML result token.
1287
1288 TAP::Parser::ResultFactory
1289 Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects
1290
1291 TAP::Parser::Scheduler
1292 Schedule tests during parallel testing
1293
1294 TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job
1295 A single testing job.
1296
1297 TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner
1298 A no-op job.
1299
1300 TAP::Parser::Source
1301 A TAP source & meta data about it
1302
1303 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler
1304 Base class for different TAP source handlers
1305
1306 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable
1307 Stream output from an executable TAP source
1308
1309 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File
1310 Stream TAP from a text file.
1311
1312 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle
1313 Stream TAP from an IO::Handle or a GLOB.
1314
1315 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl
1316 Stream TAP from a Perl executable
1317
1318 TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP
1319 Stream output from raw TAP in a scalar/array ref.
1320
1321 TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader
1322 Read YAMLish data from iterator
1323
1324 TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer
1325 Write YAMLish data
1326
1327 Term::ANSIColor
1328 Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
1329
1330 Term::Cap Perl termcap interface
1331
1332 Term::Complete
1333 Perl word completion module
1334
1335 Term::ReadLine
1336 Perl interface to various "readline" packages.
1337
1338 Test Provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
1339
1340 Test2 Framework for writing test tools that all work together.
1341
1342 Test2::API Primary interface for writing Test2 based testing tools.
1343
1344 Test2::API::Breakage
1345 What breaks at what version
1346
1347 Test2::API::Context
1348 Object to represent a testing context.
1349
1350 Test2::API::Instance
1351 Object used by Test2::API under the hood
1352
1353 Test2::API::Stack
1354 Object to manage a stack of Test2::Hub
1355
1356 Test2::Event
1357 Base class for events
1358
1359 Test2::Event::Bail
1360 Bailout!
1361
1362 Test2::Event::Diag
1363 Diag event type
1364
1365 Test2::Event::Encoding
1366 Set the encoding for the output stream
1367
1368 Test2::Event::Exception
1369 Exception event
1370
1371 Test2::Event::Generic
1372 Generic event type.
1373
1374 Test2::Event::Info
1375 Info event base class
1376
1377 Test2::Event::Note
1378 Note event type
1379
1380 Test2::Event::Ok
1381 Ok event type
1382
1383 Test2::Event::Plan
1384 The event of a plan
1385
1386 Test2::Event::Skip
1387 Skip event type
1388
1389 Test2::Event::Subtest
1390 Event for subtest types
1391
1392 Test2::Event::TAP::Version
1393 Event for TAP version.
1394
1395 Test2::Event::Waiting
1396 Tell all procs/threads it is time to be done
1397
1398 Test2::Formatter
1399 Namespace for formatters.
1400
1401 Test2::Formatter::TAP
1402 Standard TAP formatter
1403
1404 Test2::Hub The conduit through which all events flow.
1405
1406 Test2::Hub::Interceptor
1407 Hub used by interceptor to grab results.
1408
1409 Test2::Hub::Interceptor::Terminator
1410 Exception class used by
1411
1412 Test2::Hub::Subtest
1413 Hub used by subtests
1414
1415 Test2::IPC Turn on IPC for threading or forking support.
1416
1417 Test2::IPC::Driver
1418 Base class for Test2 IPC drivers.
1419
1420 Test2::IPC::Driver::Files
1421 Temp dir + Files concurrency model.
1422
1423 Test2::Tools::Tiny
1424 Tiny set of tools for unfortunate souls who cannot use
1425
1426 Test2::Transition
1427 Transition notes when upgrading to Test2
1428
1429 Test2::Util Tools used by Test2 and friends.
1430
1431 Test2::Util::ExternalMeta
1432 Allow third party tools to safely attach meta-data
1433
1434 Test2::Util::HashBase
1435 Build hash based classes.
1436
1437 Test2::Util::Trace
1438 Debug information for events
1439
1440 Test::Builder
1441 Backend for building test libraries
1442
1443 Test::Builder::Formatter
1444 Test::Builder subclass of Test2::Formatter::TAP
1445
1446 Test::Builder::IO::Scalar
1447 A copy of IO::Scalar for Test::Builder
1448
1449 Test::Builder::Module
1450 Base class for test modules
1451
1452 Test::Builder::Tester
1453 Test testsuites that have been built with
1454
1455 Test::Builder::Tester::Color
1456 Turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester
1457
1458 Test::Builder::TodoDiag
1459 Test::Builder subclass of Test2::Event::Diag
1460
1461 Test::Harness
1462 Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
1463
1464 Test::Harness::Beyond
1465 Beyond make test
1466
1467 Test::More Yet another framework for writing test scripts
1468
1469 Test::Simple
1470 Basic utilities for writing tests.
1471
1472 Test::Tester
1473 Ease testing test modules built with Test::Builder
1474
1475 Test::Tester::Capture
1476 Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder
1477
1478 Test::Tester::CaptureRunner
1479 Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder
1480
1481 Test::Tutorial
1482 A tutorial about writing really basic tests
1483
1484 Test::use::ok
1485 Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
1486
1487 Text::Abbrev
1488 Abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
1489
1490 Text::Balanced
1491 Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
1492
1493 Text::ParseWords
1494 Parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
1495
1496 Text::Tabs Expand and unexpand tabs like unix expand(1) and
1497 unexpand(1)
1498
1499 Text::Wrap Line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
1500
1501 Thread Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
1502
1503 Thread::Queue
1504 Thread-safe queues
1505
1506 Thread::Semaphore
1507 Thread-safe semaphores
1508
1509 Tie::Array Base class for tied arrays
1510
1511 Tie::File Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
1512
1513 Tie::Handle Base class definitions for tied handles
1514
1515 Tie::Hash Base class definitions for tied hashes
1516
1517 Tie::Hash::NamedCapture
1518 Named regexp capture buffers
1519
1520 Tie::Memoize
1521 Add data to hash when needed
1522
1523 Tie::RefHash
1524 Use references as hash keys
1525
1526 Tie::Scalar Base class definitions for tied scalars
1527
1528 Tie::StdHandle
1529 Base class definitions for tied handles
1530
1531 Tie::SubstrHash
1532 Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
1533
1534 Time::HiRes High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
1535
1536 Time::Local Efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
1537
1538 Time::Piece Object Oriented time objects
1539
1540 Time::Seconds
1541 A simple API to convert seconds to other date values
1542
1543 Time::gmtime
1544 By-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
1545
1546 Time::localtime
1547 By-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
1548
1549 Time::tm Internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
1550
1551 UNIVERSAL Base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
1552
1553 Unicode::Collate
1554 Unicode Collation Algorithm
1555
1556 Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5
1557 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1558
1559 Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312
1560 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1561
1562 Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208
1563 Weighting JIS KANJI for Unicode::Collate
1564
1565 Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean
1566 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1567
1568 Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin
1569 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1570
1571 Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke
1572 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1573
1574 Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin
1575 Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
1576
1577 Unicode::Collate::Locale
1578 Linguistic tailoring for DUCET via Unicode::Collate
1579
1580 Unicode::Normalize
1581 Unicode Normalization Forms
1582
1583 Unicode::UCD
1584 Unicode character database
1585
1586 User::grent By-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
1587
1588 User::pwent By-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
1589
1590 VMS::DCLsym Perl extension to manipulate DCL symbols
1591
1592 VMS::Filespec
1593 Convert between VMS and Unix file specification syntax
1594
1595 VMS::Stdio Standard I/O functions via VMS extensions
1596
1597 Win32 Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
1598
1599 Win32API::File
1600 Low-level access to Win32 system API calls for files/dirs.
1601
1602 Win32CORE Win32 CORE function stubs
1603
1604 XS::APItest Test the perl C API
1605
1606 XS::Typemap Module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
1607
1608 XSLoader Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
1609
1610 autodie::Scope::Guard
1611 Wrapper class for calling subs at end of scope
1612
1613 autodie::Scope::GuardStack
1614 Hook stack for managing scopes via %^H
1615
1616 autodie::Util
1617 Internal Utility subroutines for autodie and Fatal
1618
1619 version::Internals
1620 Perl extension for Version Objects
1621
1622 To find out all modules installed on your system, including those
1623 without documentation or outside the standard release, just use the
1624 following command (under the default win32 shell, double quotes should
1625 be used instead of single quotes).
1626
1627 % perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe \
1628 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ },
1629 no_chdir => 1 }, @INC'
1630
1631 (The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.) They should
1632 all have their own documentation installed and accessible via your
1633 system man(1) command. If you do not have a find program, you can use
1634 the Perl find2perl program instead, which generates Perl code as output
1635 you can run through perl. If you have a man program but it doesn't
1636 find your modules, you'll have to fix your manpath. See perl for
1637 details. If you have no system man command, you might try the perldoc
1638 program.
1639
1640 Note also that the command "perldoc perllocal" gives you a (possibly
1641 incomplete) list of the modules that have been further installed on
1642 your system. (The perllocal.pod file is updated by the standard
1643 MakeMaker install process.)
1644
1645 Extension Modules
1646 Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). They are
1647 usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them, but may
1648 also be linked in statically. Supported extension modules include
1649 Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX.
1650
1651 Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, not
1652 completely) due to their sizes, volatility, or simply lack of time for
1653 adequate testing and configuration across the multitude of platforms on
1654 which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged to look for them on
1655 CPAN (described below), or using web search engines like Alta Vista or
1656 Google.
1657
1659 CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network; it's a globally
1660 replicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, style
1661 guides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems and
1662 occasional binary distributions for these. Search engines for CPAN
1663 can be found at http://www.cpan.org/
1664
1665 Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules,
1666 some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories of
1667 modules are:
1668
1669 · Language Extensions and Documentation Tools
1670
1671 · Development Support
1672
1673 · Operating System Interfaces
1674
1675 · Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess Communication
1676
1677 · Data Types and Data Type Utilities
1678
1679 · Database Interfaces
1680
1681 · User Interfaces
1682
1683 · Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages
1684
1685 · File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles)
1686
1687 · String Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching
1688
1689 · Option, Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing
1690
1691 · Internationalization and Locale
1692
1693 · Authentication, Security, and Encryption
1694
1695 · World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME
1696
1697 · Server and Daemon Utilities
1698
1699 · Archiving and Compression
1700
1701 · Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, and Graphing
1702
1703 · Mail and Usenet News
1704
1705 · Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and exceptions etc)
1706
1707 · File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities
1708
1709 · Miscellaneous Modules
1710
1711 The list of the registered CPAN sites follows. Please note that the
1712 sorting order is alphabetical on fields:
1713
1714 Continent
1715 |
1716 |-->Country
1717 |
1718 |-->[state/province]
1719 |
1720 |-->ftp
1721 |
1722 |-->[http]
1723
1724 and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between the
1725 European and the South American sites.
1726
1727 Registered CPAN sites
1728
1729 Africa
1730 South Africa
1731 http://mirror.is.co.za/pub/cpan/
1732 ftp://ftp.is.co.za/pub/cpan/
1733 http://cpan.mirror.ac.za/
1734 ftp://cpan.mirror.ac.za/
1735 http://cpan.saix.net/
1736 ftp://ftp.saix.net/pub/CPAN/
1737 http://ftp.wa.co.za/pub/CPAN/
1738 ftp://ftp.wa.co.za/pub/CPAN/
1739
1740 Uganda
1741 http://mirror.ucu.ac.ug/cpan/
1742
1743 Zimbabwe
1744 http://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
1745 ftp://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
1746
1747 Asia
1748 Bangladesh
1749 http://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
1750 ftp://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
1751
1752 China
1753 http://cpan.communilink.net/
1754 http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
1755 ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/perl/CPAN/
1756 http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/CPAN/
1757 http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/cpan/
1758 http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/CPAN/
1759 http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/
1760 http://mirrors.sohu.com/CPAN/
1761 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
1762 ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
1763 http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
1764 ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
1765 http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/CPAN/
1766
1767 India
1768 http://cpan.excellmedia.net/
1769 http://perlmirror.indialinks.com/
1770
1771 Indonesia
1772 http://kambing.ui.ac.id/cpan/
1773 http://cpan.pesat.net.id/
1774 http://mirror.poliwangi.ac.id/CPAN/
1775 http://kartolo.sby.datautama.net.id/CPAN/
1776 http://mirror.wanxp.id/cpan/
1777
1778 Iran
1779 http://mirror.yazd.ac.ir/cpan/
1780
1781 Israel
1782 http://biocourse.weizmann.ac.il/CPAN/
1783
1784 Japan
1785 http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
1786 ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
1787 http://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
1788 ftp://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
1789 ftp://ftp.kddilabs.jp/CPAN/
1790 http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/CPAN/
1791 ftp://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/CPAN/
1792 http://ftp.riken.jp/lang/CPAN/
1793 ftp://ftp.riken.jp/lang/CPAN/
1794 ftp://ftp.u-aizu.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
1795 http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/lang/cpan/
1796 ftp://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/lang/cpan/
1797
1798 Kazakhstan
1799 http://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
1800 ftp://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
1801
1802 Philippines
1803 http://mirror.pregi.net/CPAN/
1804 ftp://mirror.pregi.net/CPAN/
1805 http://mirror.rise.ph/cpan/
1806 ftp://mirror.rise.ph/cpan/
1807
1808 Qatar
1809 http://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
1810 ftp://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
1811
1812 Republic of Korea
1813 http://cpan.mirror.cdnetworks.com/
1814 ftp://cpan.mirror.cdnetworks.com/CPAN/
1815 http://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/pub/CPAN/
1816 ftp://ftp.kaist.ac.kr/CPAN/
1817 http://ftp.kr.freebsd.org/pub/CPAN/
1818 ftp://ftp.kr.freebsd.org/pub/CPAN/
1819 http://mirror.navercorp.com/CPAN/
1820 http://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
1821 ftp://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
1822
1823 Singapore
1824 http://cpan.mirror.choon.net/
1825 http://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
1826 ftp://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
1827
1828 Taiwan
1829 http://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix/Lang/CPAN/
1830 ftp://cpan.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Unix/Lang/CPAN/
1831 http://cpan.stu.edu.tw/
1832 ftp://ftp.stu.edu.tw/CPAN/
1833 http://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/CPAN/
1834 ftp://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/CPAN/
1835 http://cpan.nctu.edu.tw/
1836 ftp://cpan.nctu.edu.tw/
1837 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/CPAN/
1838 ftp://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/CPAN/
1839
1840 Turkey
1841 http://cpan.ulak.net.tr/
1842 ftp://ftp.ulak.net.tr/pub/perl/CPAN/
1843 http://mirror.vit.com.tr/mirror/CPAN/
1844 ftp://mirror.vit.com.tr/CPAN/
1845
1846 Viet Nam
1847 http://mirrors.digipower.vn/CPAN/
1848 http://mirror.downloadvn.com/cpan/
1849 http://mirrors.vinahost.vn/CPAN/
1850
1851 Europe
1852 Austria
1853 http://cpan.inode.at/
1854 ftp://cpan.inode.at/
1855 http://mirror.easyname.at/cpan/
1856 ftp://mirror.easyname.at/cpan/
1857 http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/languages/perl/CPAN/
1858 ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/pub/CPAN/
1859
1860 Belarus
1861 http://ftp.byfly.by/pub/CPAN/
1862 ftp://ftp.byfly.by/pub/CPAN/
1863 http://mirror.datacenter.by/pub/CPAN/
1864 ftp://mirror.datacenter.by/pub/CPAN/
1865
1866 Belgium
1867 http://ftp.belnet.be/ftp.cpan.org/
1868 ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/ftp.cpan.org/
1869 http://cpan.cu.be/
1870 http://lib.ugent.be/CPAN/
1871 http://cpan.weepeetelecom.be/
1872
1873 Bosnia and Herzegovina
1874 http://cpan.mirror.ba/
1875 ftp://ftp.mirror.ba/CPAN/
1876
1877 Bulgaria
1878 http://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
1879 ftp://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
1880 http://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
1881 ftp://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
1882
1883 Croatia
1884 http://ftp.carnet.hr/pub/CPAN/
1885 ftp://ftp.carnet.hr/pub/CPAN/
1886
1887 Czech Republic
1888 http://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
1889 ftp://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
1890 ftp://ftp.fi.muni.cz/pub/CPAN/
1891 http://mirrors.nic.cz/CPAN/
1892 ftp://mirrors.nic.cz/pub/CPAN/
1893 http://cpan.mirror.vutbr.cz/
1894 ftp://mirror.vutbr.cz/cpan/
1895
1896 Denmark
1897 http://www.cpan.dk/
1898 http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/cpan/
1899 ftp://mirrors.dotsrc.org/cpan/
1900
1901 Finland
1902 ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
1903
1904 France
1905 http://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
1906 ftp://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
1907 http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
1908 ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
1909 http://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
1910 ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
1911 http://mirror.ibcp.fr/pub/CPAN/
1912 ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/CPAN/
1913 http://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org/
1914 ftp://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org/
1915 http://cpan.enstimac.fr/
1916
1917 Germany
1918 http://mirror.23media.de/cpan/
1919 ftp://mirror.23media.de/cpan/
1920 http://artfiles.org/cpan.org/
1921 ftp://artfiles.org/cpan.org/
1922 http://mirror.bibleonline.ru/cpan/
1923 http://mirror.checkdomain.de/CPAN/
1924 ftp://mirror.checkdomain.de/CPAN/
1925 http://cpan.noris.de/
1926 http://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
1927 ftp://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
1928 http://cpan.mirror.euserv.net/
1929 ftp://mirror.euserv.net/cpan/
1930 http://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/CPAN/
1931 ftp://mirror.fraunhofer.de/CPAN/
1932 ftp://ftp.freenet.de/pub/ftp.cpan.org/pub/CPAN/
1933 http://ftp.hosteurope.de/pub/CPAN/
1934 ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/pub/CPAN/
1935 ftp://ftp.fu-berlin.de/unix/languages/perl/
1936 http://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
1937 ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
1938 http://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
1939 ftp://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
1940 http://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/
1941 ftp://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/pub/CPAN/
1942 ftp://ftp.mpi-inf.mpg.de/pub/perl/CPAN/
1943 http://cpan.netbet.org/
1944 http://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
1945 ftp://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
1946 ftp://mirror.petamem.com/CPAN/
1947 http://www.planet-elektronik.de/CPAN/
1948 http://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
1949 ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
1950 http://mirror.softaculous.com/cpan/
1951 http://ftp.u-tx.net/CPAN/
1952 ftp://ftp.u-tx.net/CPAN/
1953 http://mirror.reismil.ch/CPAN/
1954
1955 Greece
1956 http://cpan.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/CPAN/
1957 ftp://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/CPAN/
1958 http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
1959 ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/lang/perl/
1960
1961 Hungary
1962 http://mirror.met.hu/CPAN/
1963
1964 Ireland
1965 http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
1966 ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
1967
1968 Italy
1969 http://bo.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/CPAN/
1970 ftp://ftp.eutelia.it/CPAN_Mirror/
1971 http://cpan.panu.it/
1972 ftp://ftp.panu.it/pub/mirrors/perl/CPAN/
1973 http://cpan.muzzy.it/
1974
1975 Latvia
1976 http://kvin.lv/pub/CPAN/
1977
1978 Lithuania
1979 http://ftp.litnet.lt/pub/CPAN/
1980 ftp://ftp.litnet.lt/pub/CPAN/
1981
1982 Moldova
1983 http://mirror.as43289.net/pub/CPAN/
1984 ftp://mirror.as43289.net/pub/CPAN/
1985
1986 Netherlands
1987 http://cpan.cs.uu.nl/
1988 ftp://ftp.cs.uu.nl/pub/CPAN/
1989 http://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
1990 ftp://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
1991 http://ftp.nluug.nl/languages/perl/CPAN/
1992 ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
1993 http://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
1994 ftp://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
1995 http://cpan.mirror.triple-it.nl/
1996 http://ftp.tudelft.nl/cpan/
1997 ftp://ftp.tudelft.nl/pub/CPAN/
1998 ftp://download.xs4all.nl/pub/mirror/CPAN/
1999
2000 Norway
2001 http://cpan.uib.no/
2002 ftp://cpan.uib.no/pub/CPAN/
2003 ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2004 http://cpan.vianett.no/
2005
2006 Poland
2007 http://ftp.agh.edu.pl/CPAN/
2008 ftp://ftp.agh.edu.pl/CPAN/
2009 http://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2010 ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2011 ftp://ftp.ps.pl/pub/CPAN/
2012 http://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
2013 ftp://sunsite.icm.edu.pl/pub/CPAN/
2014
2015 Portugal
2016 http://cpan.dcc.fc.up.pt/
2017 http://mirrors.fe.up.pt/pub/CPAN/
2018 http://cpan.perl-hackers.net/
2019 http://cpan.perl.pt/
2020
2021 Romania
2022 http://mirrors.hostingromania.ro/cpan.org/
2023 ftp://ftp.lug.ro/CPAN/
2024 http://mirrors.m247.ro/CPAN/
2025 http://mirrors.evowise.com/CPAN/
2026 http://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
2027 ftp://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
2028 http://mirrors.xservers.ro/CPAN/
2029
2030 Russian Federation
2031 ftp://ftp.aha.ru/CPAN/
2032 http://cpan.rinet.ru/
2033 ftp://cpan.rinet.ru/pub/mirror/CPAN/
2034 http://cpan-mirror.rbc.ru/pub/CPAN/
2035 http://mirror.rol.ru/CPAN/
2036 http://cpan.uni-altai.ru/
2037 http://cpan.webdesk.ru/
2038 ftp://cpan.webdesk.ru/cpan/
2039 http://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
2040 ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
2041
2042 Serbia
2043 http://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
2044 ftp://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
2045
2046 Slovakia
2047 http://cpan.lnx.sk/
2048 http://tux.rainside.sk/CPAN/
2049 ftp://tux.rainside.sk/CPAN/
2050
2051 Slovenia
2052 http://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
2053 ftp://ftp.arnes.si/software/perl/CPAN/
2054
2055 Spain
2056 http://mirrors.evowise.com/CPAN/
2057 http://osl.ugr.es/CPAN/
2058 http://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
2059 ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CPAN/
2060
2061 Sweden
2062 http://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
2063 ftp://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
2064
2065 Switzerland
2066 http://www.pirbot.com/mirrors/cpan/
2067 http://mirror.switch.ch/ftp/mirror/CPAN/
2068 ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/CPAN/
2069
2070 Ukraine
2071 http://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/
2072 ftp://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/mirror/cpan/
2073
2074 United Kingdom
2075 http://cpan.mirror.anlx.net/
2076 ftp://ftp.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
2077 http://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
2078 ftp://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
2079 http://mirrors.coreix.net/CPAN/
2080 http://cpan.etla.org/
2081 ftp://cpan.etla.org/pub/CPAN/
2082 http://cpan.cpantesters.org/
2083 http://mirror.sax.uk.as61049.net/CPAN/
2084 http://mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net/CPAN/
2085 http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
2086 ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
2087 http://mirror.ox.ac.uk/sites/www.cpan.org/
2088 ftp://mirror.ox.ac.uk/sites/www.cpan.org/
2089 http://ftp.ticklers.org/pub/CPAN/
2090 ftp://ftp.ticklers.org/pub/CPAN/
2091 http://cpan.mirrors.uk2.net/
2092 ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/CPAN/
2093 http://mirror.ukhost4u.com/CPAN/
2094
2095 North America
2096 Canada
2097 http://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/
2098 ftp://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/pub/CPAN/
2099 http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
2100 ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
2101 http://mirrors.gossamer-threads.com/CPAN/
2102 http://mirror.its.dal.ca/cpan/
2103 ftp://mirror.its.dal.ca/cpan/
2104 ftp://ftp.ottix.net/pub/CPAN/
2105
2106 Costa Rica
2107 http://mirrors.ucr.ac.cr/CPAN/
2108
2109 Mexico
2110 http://www.msg.com.mx/CPAN/
2111 ftp://ftp.msg.com.mx/pub/CPAN/
2112
2113 United States
2114 Alabama
2115 http://mirror.teklinks.com/CPAN/
2116
2117 Arizona
2118 http://mirror.n5tech.com/CPAN/
2119 http://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
2120 ftp://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
2121
2122 California
2123 http://cpan.develooper.com/
2124 http://httpupdate127.cpanel.net/CPAN/
2125 http://mirrors.sonic.net/cpan/
2126 ftp://mirrors.sonic.net/cpan/
2127 http://www.perl.com/CPAN/
2128 http://cpan.yimg.com/
2129
2130 Idaho
2131 http://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
2132 ftp://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
2133
2134 Illinois
2135 http://cpan.mirrors.hoobly.com/
2136 http://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
2137 ftp://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
2138
2139 Indiana
2140 http://cpan.netnitco.net/
2141 ftp://cpan.netnitco.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
2142 ftp://ftp.uwsg.iu.edu/pub/perl/CPAN/
2143
2144 Kansas
2145 http://mirrors.concertpass.com/cpan/
2146
2147 Massachusetts
2148 http://mirrors.ccs.neu.edu/CPAN/
2149
2150 Michigan
2151 http://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
2152 ftp://cpan.cse.msu.edu/
2153 http://httpupdate118.cpanel.net/CPAN/
2154 http://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/cpan/
2155 http://ftp.wayne.edu/CPAN/
2156 ftp://ftp.wayne.edu/CPAN/
2157
2158 New Hampshire
2159 http://mirror.metrocast.net/cpan/
2160
2161 New Jersey
2162 http://mirror.datapipe.net/CPAN/
2163 ftp://mirror.datapipe.net/pub/CPAN/
2164 http://www.hoovism.com/CPAN/
2165 ftp://ftp.hoovism.com/CPAN/
2166 http://cpan.mirror.nac.net/
2167
2168 New York
2169 http://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/cpan/
2170 ftp://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/pub/software/cpan/
2171 http://cpan.belfry.net/
2172 http://cpan.erlbaum.net/
2173 ftp://cpan.erlbaum.net/CPAN/
2174 http://cpan.hexten.net/
2175 ftp://cpan.hexten.net/
2176 http://mirror.nyi.net/CPAN/
2177 ftp://mirror.nyi.net/pub/CPAN/
2178 http://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
2179 ftp://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
2180 http://mirrors.rit.edu/CPAN/
2181 ftp://mirrors.rit.edu/CPAN/
2182
2183 North Carolina
2184 http://httpupdate140.cpanel.net/CPAN/
2185 http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/CPAN/
2186
2187 Oregon
2188 http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/CPAN/
2189 ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/CPAN/
2190 http://mirror.uoregon.edu/CPAN/
2191
2192 Pennsylvania
2193 http://cpan.pair.com/
2194 ftp://cpan.pair.com/pub/CPAN/
2195 http://cpan.mirrors.ionfish.org/
2196
2197 South Carolina
2198 http://cpan.mirror.clemson.edu/
2199
2200 Texas
2201 http://mirror.uta.edu/CPAN/
2202
2203 Utah
2204 http://cpan.cs.utah.edu/
2205 ftp://cpan.cs.utah.edu/CPAN/
2206 ftp://mirror.xmission.com/CPAN/
2207
2208 Virginia
2209 http://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/CPAN/
2210 ftp://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/CPAN/
2211 http://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
2212 ftp://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/CPAN/
2213 http://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
2214 ftp://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
2215
2216 Washington
2217 http://cpan.llarian.net/
2218 ftp://cpan.llarian.net/pub/CPAN/
2219
2220 Wisconsin
2221 http://cpan.mirrors.tds.net/
2222 ftp://cpan.mirrors.tds.net/pub/CPAN/
2223
2224 Oceania
2225 Australia
2226 http://mirror.as24220.net/pub/cpan/
2227 ftp://mirror.as24220.net/pub/cpan/
2228 http://cpan.mirrors.ilisys.com.au/
2229 http://cpan.mirror.digitalpacific.com.au/
2230 ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/cpan/
2231 http://mirror.optusnet.com.au/CPAN/
2232 http://cpan.mirror.serversaustralia.com.au/
2233 http://cpan.uberglobalmirror.com/
2234 http://mirror.waia.asn.au/pub/cpan/
2235
2236 New Caledonia
2237 http://cpan.lagoon.nc/pub/CPAN/
2238 ftp://cpan.lagoon.nc/pub/CPAN/
2239 http://cpan.nautile.nc/CPAN/
2240 ftp://cpan.nautile.nc/CPAN/
2241
2242 New Zealand
2243 ftp://ftp.auckland.ac.nz/pub/perl/CPAN/
2244 http://cpan.catalyst.net.nz/CPAN/
2245 ftp://cpan.catalyst.net.nz/pub/CPAN/
2246 http://cpan.inspire.net.nz/
2247 ftp://cpan.inspire.net.nz/cpan/
2248 http://mirror.webtastix.net/CPAN/
2249 ftp://mirror.webtastix.net/CPAN/
2250
2251 South America
2252 Argentina
2253 http://cpan.mmgdesigns.com.ar/
2254
2255 Brazil
2256 http://cpan.kinghost.net/
2257 http://linorg.usp.br/CPAN/
2258 http://mirror.nbtelecom.com.br/CPAN/
2259
2260 Chile
2261 http://cpan.dcc.uchile.cl/
2262 ftp://cpan.dcc.uchile.cl/pub/lang/cpan/
2263
2264 RSYNC Mirrors
2265 rsync://ftp.is.co.za/IS-Mirror/ftp.cpan.org/
2266 rsync://mirror.ac.za/CPAN/
2267 rsync://mirror.zol.co.zw/CPAN/
2268 rsync://mirror.dhakacom.com/CPAN/
2269 rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CPAN/
2270 rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn/CPAN/
2271 rsync://kambing.ui.ac.id/CPAN/
2272 rsync://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/CPAN/
2273 rsync://mirror.jre655.com/CPAN/
2274 rsync://ftp.kddilabs.jp/cpan/
2275 rsync://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/cpan/
2276 rsync://ftp.riken.jp/cpan/
2277 rsync://mirror.neolabs.kz/CPAN/
2278 rsync://mirror.qnren.qa/CPAN/
2279 rsync://ftp.neowiz.com/CPAN/
2280 rsync://mirror.0x.sg/CPAN/
2281 rsync://ftp.yzu.edu.tw/pub/CPAN/
2282 rsync://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/CPAN/
2283 rsync://mirrors.digipower.vn/CPAN/
2284 rsync://cpan.inode.at/CPAN/
2285 rsync://ftp.byfly.by/CPAN/
2286 rsync://mirror.datacenter.by/CPAN/
2287 rsync://ftp.belnet.be/cpan/
2288 rsync://cpan.mirror.ba/CPAN/
2289 rsync://mirrors.neterra.net/CPAN/
2290 rsync://mirrors.netix.net/CPAN/
2291 rsync://mirror.dkm.cz/cpan/
2292 rsync://mirrors.nic.cz/CPAN/
2293 rsync://cpan.mirror.vutbr.cz/cpan/
2294 rsync://rsync.nic.funet.fi/CPAN/
2295 rsync://ftp.ciril.fr/pub/cpan/
2296 rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/mirrors/cpan/
2297 rsync://cpan.mirrors.ovh.net/CPAN/
2298 rsync://mirror.de.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
2299 rsync://mirror.euserv.net/cpan/
2300 rsync://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/CPAN/
2301 rsync://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/
2302 rsync://ftp.hawo.stw.uni-erlangen.de/CPAN/
2303 rsync://cpan.mirror.iphh.net/CPAN/
2304 rsync://mirror.netcologne.de/cpan/
2305 rsync://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/cpan/
2306 rsync://ftp.ntua.gr/CPAN/
2307 rsync://mirror.met.hu/CPAN/
2308 rsync://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/
2309 rsync://rsync.panu.it/CPAN/
2310 rsync://mirror.as43289.net/CPAN/
2311 rsync://rsync.cs.uu.nl/CPAN/
2312 rsync://mirror.nl.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
2313 rsync://ftp.nluug.nl/CPAN/
2314 rsync://mirror.transip.net/CPAN/
2315 rsync://cpan.uib.no/cpan/
2316 rsync://cpan.vianett.no/CPAN/
2317 rsync://cpan.perl-hackers.net/CPAN/
2318 rsync://cpan.perl.pt/cpan/
2319 rsync://mirrors.m247.ro/CPAN/
2320 rsync://mirrors.teentelecom.net/CPAN/
2321 rsync://cpan.webdesk.ru/CPAN/
2322 rsync://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/cpan/
2323 rsync://mirror.sbb.rs/CPAN/
2324 rsync://ftp.acc.umu.se/mirror/CPAN/
2325 rsync://rsync.pirbot.com/ftp/cpan/
2326 rsync://cpan.ip-connect.vn.ua/CPAN/
2327 rsync://rsync.mirror.anlx.net/CPAN/
2328 rsync://mirror.bytemark.co.uk/CPAN/
2329 rsync://mirror.sax.uk.as61049.net/CPAN/
2330 rsync://rsync.mirrorservice.org/cpan.perl.org/CPAN/
2331 rsync://ftp.ticklers.org/CPAN/
2332 rsync://mirrors.uk2.net/CPAN/
2333 rsync://CPAN.mirror.rafal.ca/CPAN/
2334 rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/CPAN/
2335 rsync://mirrors.namecheap.com/CPAN/
2336 rsync://mirrors.syringanetworks.net/CPAN/
2337 rsync://mirror.team-cymru.org/CPAN/
2338 rsync://debian.cse.msu.edu/cpan/
2339 rsync://mirrors-usa.go-parts.com/mirrors/cpan/
2340 rsync://rsync.hoovism.com/CPAN/
2341 rsync://mirror.cc.columbia.edu/cpan/
2342 rsync://noodle.portalus.net/CPAN/
2343 rsync://mirrors.rit.edu/cpan/
2344 rsync://mirrors.ibiblio.org/CPAN/
2345 rsync://cpan.pair.com/CPAN/
2346 rsync://cpan.cs.utah.edu/CPAN/
2347 rsync://mirror.cogentco.com/CPAN/
2348 rsync://mirror.jmu.edu/CPAN/
2349 rsync://mirror.us.leaseweb.net/CPAN/
2350 rsync://cpan.mirror.digitalpacific.com.au/cpan/
2351 rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/cpan/
2352 rsync://uberglobalmirror.com/cpan/
2353 rsync://cpan.lagoon.nc/cpan/
2354 rsync://mirrors.mmgdesigns.com.ar/CPAN/
2355
2356 For an up-to-date listing of CPAN sites, see
2357 <http://www.cpan.org/SITES> or <ftp://www.cpan.org/SITES>.
2358
2360 (The following section is borrowed directly from Tim Bunce's modules
2361 file, available at your nearest CPAN site.)
2362
2363 Perl implements a class using a package, but the presence of a package
2364 doesn't imply the presence of a class. A package is just a namespace.
2365 A class is a package that provides subroutines that can be used as
2366 methods. A method is just a subroutine that expects, as its first
2367 argument, either the name of a package (for "static" methods), or a
2368 reference to something (for "virtual" methods).
2369
2370 A module is a file that (by convention) provides a class of the same
2371 name (sans the .pm), plus an import method in that class that can be
2372 called to fetch exported symbols. This module may implement some of
2373 its methods by loading dynamic C or C++ objects, but that should be
2374 totally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the module
2375 might set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions on
2376 demand, but this is also transparent. Only the .pm file is required to
2377 exist. See perlsub, perlobj, and AutoLoader for details about the
2378 AUTOLOAD mechanism.
2379
2380 Guidelines for Module Creation
2381 · Do similar modules already exist in some form?
2382
2383 If so, please try to reuse the existing modules either in whole or
2384 by inheriting useful features into a new class. If this is not
2385 practical try to get together with the module authors to work on
2386 extending or enhancing the functionality of the existing modules.
2387 A perfect example is the plethora of packages in perl4 for dealing
2388 with command line options.
2389
2390 If you are writing a module to expand an already existing set of
2391 modules, please coordinate with the author of the package. It
2392 helps if you follow the same naming scheme and module interaction
2393 scheme as the original author.
2394
2395 · Try to design the new module to be easy to extend and reuse.
2396
2397 Try to "use warnings;" (or "use warnings qw(...);"). Remember that
2398 you can add "no warnings qw(...);" to individual blocks of code
2399 that need less warnings.
2400
2401 Use blessed references. Use the two argument form of bless to
2402 bless into the class name given as the first parameter of the
2403 constructor, e.g.,:
2404
2405 sub new {
2406 my $class = shift;
2407 return bless {}, $class;
2408 }
2409
2410 or even this if you'd like it to be used as either a static or a
2411 virtual method.
2412
2413 sub new {
2414 my $self = shift;
2415 my $class = ref($self) || $self;
2416 return bless {}, $class;
2417 }
2418
2419 Pass arrays as references so more parameters can be added later
2420 (it's also faster). Convert functions into methods where
2421 appropriate. Split large methods into smaller more flexible ones.
2422 Inherit methods from other modules if appropriate.
2423
2424 Avoid class name tests like: "die "Invalid" unless ref $ref eq
2425 'FOO'". Generally you can delete the "eq 'FOO'" part with no harm
2426 at all. Let the objects look after themselves! Generally, avoid
2427 hard-wired class names as far as possible.
2428
2429 Avoid "$r->Class::func()" where using "@ISA=qw(... Class ...)" and
2430 "$r->func()" would work.
2431
2432 Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a
2433 burden to programs that don't use them. Add test functions to the
2434 module after __END__ either using AutoSplit or by saying:
2435
2436 eval join('',<main::DATA>) || die $@ unless caller();
2437
2438 Does your module pass the 'empty subclass' test? If you say
2439 "@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);" your applications should be able
2440 to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example,
2441 does your application still work if you change: "$obj =
2442 YOURCLASS->new();" into: "$obj = SUBCLASS->new();" ?
2443
2444 Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it
2445 difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state
2446 information in objects.
2447
2448 Always use -w.
2449
2450 Try to "use strict;" (or "use strict qw(...);"). Remember that you
2451 can add "no strict qw(...);" to individual blocks of code that need
2452 less strictness.
2453
2454 Always use -w.
2455
2456 Follow the guidelines in perlstyle.
2457
2458 Always use -w.
2459
2460 · Some simple style guidelines
2461
2462 The perlstyle manual supplied with Perl has many helpful points.
2463
2464 Coding style is a matter of personal taste. Many people evolve
2465 their style over several years as they learn what helps them write
2466 and maintain good code. Here's one set of assorted suggestions
2467 that seem to be widely used by experienced developers:
2468
2469 Use underscores to separate words. It is generally easier to read
2470 $var_names_like_this than $VarNamesLikeThis, especially for non-
2471 native speakers of English. It's also a simple rule that works
2472 consistently with VAR_NAMES_LIKE_THIS.
2473
2474 Package/Module names are an exception to this rule. Perl informally
2475 reserves lowercase module names for 'pragma' modules like integer
2476 and strict. Other modules normally begin with a capital letter and
2477 use mixed case with no underscores (need to be short and portable).
2478
2479 You may find it helpful to use letter case to indicate the scope or
2480 nature of a variable. For example:
2481
2482 $ALL_CAPS_HERE constants only (beware clashes with Perl vars)
2483 $Some_Caps_Here package-wide global/static
2484 $no_caps_here function scope my() or local() variables
2485
2486 Function and method names seem to work best as all lowercase.
2487 e.g., "$obj->as_string()".
2488
2489 You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or
2490 function should not be used outside the package that defined it.
2491
2492 · Select what to export.
2493
2494 Do NOT export method names!
2495
2496 Do NOT export anything else by default without a good reason!
2497
2498 Exports pollute the namespace of the module user. If you must
2499 export try to use @EXPORT_OK in preference to @EXPORT and avoid
2500 short or common names to reduce the risk of name clashes.
2501
2502 Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside
2503 the module using the ModuleName::item_name (or
2504 "$blessed_ref->method") syntax. By convention you can use a
2505 leading underscore on names to indicate informally that they are
2506 'internal' and not for public use.
2507
2508 (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: "my
2509 $subref = sub { ... }; &$subref;". But there's no way to call
2510 that directly as a method, because a method must have a name in the
2511 symbol table.)
2512
2513 As a general rule, if the module is trying to be object oriented
2514 then export nothing. If it's just a collection of functions then
2515 @EXPORT_OK anything but use @EXPORT with caution.
2516
2517 · Select a name for the module.
2518
2519 This name should be as descriptive, accurate, and complete as
2520 possible. Avoid any risk of ambiguity. Always try to use two or
2521 more whole words. Generally the name should reflect what is
2522 special about what the module does rather than how it does it.
2523 Please use nested module names to group informally or categorize a
2524 module. There should be a very good reason for a module not to
2525 have a nested name. Module names should begin with a capital
2526 letter.
2527
2528 Having 57 modules all called Sort will not make life easy for
2529 anyone (though having 23 called Sort::Quick is only marginally
2530 better :-). Imagine someone trying to install your module
2531 alongside many others.
2532
2533 If you are developing a suite of related modules/classes it's good
2534 practice to use nested classes with a common prefix as this will
2535 avoid namespace clashes. For example: Xyz::Control, Xyz::View,
2536 Xyz::Model etc. Use the modules in this list as a naming guide.
2537
2538 If adding a new module to a set, follow the original author's
2539 standards for naming modules and the interface to methods in those
2540 modules.
2541
2542 If developing modules for private internal or project specific use,
2543 that will never be released to the public, then you should ensure
2544 that their names will not clash with any future public module. You
2545 can do this either by using the reserved Local::* category or by
2546 using a category name that includes an underscore like Foo_Corp::*.
2547
2548 To be portable each component of a module name should be limited to
2549 11 characters. If it might be used on MS-DOS then try to ensure
2550 each is unique in the first 8 characters. Nested modules make this
2551 easier.
2552
2553 For additional guidance on the naming of modules, please consult:
2554
2555 http://pause.perl.org/pause/query?ACTION=pause_namingmodules
2556
2557 or send mail to the <module-authors@perl.org> mailing list.
2558
2559 · Have you got it right?
2560
2561 How do you know that you've made the right decisions? Have you
2562 picked an interface design that will cause problems later? Have you
2563 picked the most appropriate name? Do you have any questions?
2564
2565 The best way to know for sure, and pick up many helpful
2566 suggestions, is to ask someone who knows. The
2567 <module-authors@perl.org> mailing list is useful for this purpose;
2568 it's also accessible via news interface as perl.module-authors at
2569 nntp.perl.org.
2570
2571 All you need to do is post a short summary of the module, its
2572 purpose and interfaces. A few lines on each of the main methods is
2573 probably enough. (If you post the whole module it might be ignored
2574 by busy people - generally the very people you want to read it!)
2575
2576 Don't worry about posting if you can't say when the module will be
2577 ready - just say so in the message. It might be worth inviting
2578 others to help you, they may be able to complete it for you!
2579
2580 · README and other Additional Files.
2581
2582 It's well known that software developers usually fully document the
2583 software they write. If, however, the world is in urgent need of
2584 your software and there is not enough time to write the full
2585 documentation please at least provide a README file containing:
2586
2587 · A description of the module/package/extension etc.
2588
2589 · A copyright notice - see below.
2590
2591 · Prerequisites - what else you may need to have.
2592
2593 · How to build it - possible changes to Makefile.PL etc.
2594
2595 · How to install it.
2596
2597 · Recent changes in this release, especially
2598 incompatibilities
2599
2600 · Changes / enhancements you plan to make in the future.
2601
2602 If the README file seems to be getting too large you may wish to
2603 split out some of the sections into separate files: INSTALL,
2604 Copying, ToDo etc.
2605
2606 · Adding a Copyright Notice.
2607
2608 How you choose to license your work is a personal decision.
2609 The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make
2610 a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work.
2611
2612 Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The
2613 GNU GPL and The Artistic Licence (see the files README,
2614 Copying, and Artistic, or perlgpl and perlartistic). Larry has
2615 good reasons for NOT just using the GNU GPL.
2616
2617 My personal recommendation, out of respect for Larry, Perl, and
2618 the Perl community at large is to state something simply like:
2619
2620 Copyright (c) 1995 Your Name. All rights reserved.
2621 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
2622 modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
2623
2624 This statement should at least appear in the README file. You
2625 may also wish to include it in a Copying file and your source
2626 files. Remember to include the other words in addition to the
2627 Copyright.
2628
2629 · Give the module a version/issue/release number.
2630
2631 To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules
2632 you should store your module's version number in a non-my
2633 package variable called $VERSION. This should be a positive
2634 floating point number with at least two digits after the
2635 decimal (i.e., hundredths, e.g, "$VERSION = "0.01""). Don't
2636 use a "1.3.2" style version. See Exporter for details.
2637
2638 It may be handy to add a function or method to retrieve the
2639 number. Use the number in announcements and archive file names
2640 when releasing the module (ModuleName-1.02.tar.Z). See perldoc
2641 ExtUtils::MakeMaker.pm for details.
2642
2643 · How to release and distribute a module.
2644
2645 If possible, register the module with CPAN. Follow the
2646 instructions and links on:
2647
2648 http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html
2649
2650 and upload to:
2651
2652 http://pause.perl.org/
2653
2654 and notify <modules@perl.org>. This will allow anyone to
2655 install your module using the "cpan" tool distributed with
2656 Perl.
2657
2658 By using the WWW interface you can ask the Upload Server to
2659 mirror your modules from your ftp or WWW site into your own
2660 directory on CPAN!
2661
2662 · Take care when changing a released module.
2663
2664 Always strive to remain compatible with previous released
2665 versions. Otherwise try to add a mechanism to revert to the
2666 old behavior if people rely on it. Document incompatible
2667 changes.
2668
2669 Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
2670 · There is no requirement to convert anything.
2671
2672 If it ain't broke, don't fix it! Perl 4 library scripts should
2673 continue to work with no problems. You may need to make some minor
2674 changes (like escaping non-array @'s in double quoted strings) but
2675 there is no need to convert a .pl file into a Module for just that.
2676
2677 · Consider the implications.
2678
2679 All Perl applications that make use of the script will need to be
2680 changed (slightly) if the script is converted into a module. Is it
2681 worth it unless you plan to make other changes at the same time?
2682
2683 · Make the most of the opportunity.
2684
2685 If you are going to convert the script to a module you can use the
2686 opportunity to redesign the interface. The guidelines for module
2687 creation above include many of the issues you should consider.
2688
2689 · The pl2pm utility will get you started.
2690
2691 This utility will read *.pl files (given as parameters) and write
2692 corresponding *.pm files. The pl2pm utilities does the following:
2693
2694 · Adds the standard Module prologue lines
2695
2696 · Converts package specifiers from ' to ::
2697
2698 · Converts die(...) to croak(...)
2699
2700 · Several other minor changes
2701
2702 Being a mechanical process pl2pm is not bullet proof. The converted
2703 code will need careful checking, especially any package statements.
2704 Don't delete the original .pl file till the new .pm one works!
2705
2706 Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
2707 · Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library.
2708
2709 · Many applications contain some Perl code that could be reused.
2710
2711 Help save the world! Share your code in a form that makes it easy
2712 to reuse.
2713
2714 · Break-out the reusable code into one or more separate module files.
2715
2716 · Take the opportunity to reconsider and redesign the interfaces.
2717
2718 · In some cases the 'application' can then be reduced to a small
2719
2720 fragment of code built on top of the reusable modules. In these
2721 cases the application could invoked as:
2722
2723 % perl -e 'use Module::Name; method(@ARGV)' ...
2724 or
2725 % perl -mModule::Name ... (in perl5.002 or higher)
2726
2728 Perl does not enforce private and public parts of its modules as you
2729 may have been used to in other languages like C++, Ada, or Modula-17.
2730 Perl doesn't have an infatuation with enforced privacy. It would
2731 prefer that you stayed out of its living room because you weren't
2732 invited, not because it has a shotgun.
2733
2734 The module and its user have a contract, part of which is common law,
2735 and part of which is "written". Part of the common law contract is
2736 that a module doesn't pollute any namespace it wasn't asked to. The
2737 written contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make other
2738 provisions. But then you know when you "use RedefineTheWorld" that
2739 you're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences.
2740
2741
2742
2743perl v5.26.3 2019-05-11 PERLMODLIB(1)