1SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)        systemd-detect-virt       SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
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NAME

6       systemd-detect-virt - Detect execution in a virtualized environment
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SYNOPSIS

9       systemd-detect-virt [OPTIONS...]
10

DESCRIPTION

12       systemd-detect-virt detects execution in a virtualized environment. It
13       identifies the virtualization technology and can distinguish full
14       machine virtualization from container virtualization.
15       systemd-detect-virt exits with a return value of 0 (success) if a
16       virtualization technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise.
17       By default, any type of virtualization is detected, and the options
18       --container and --vm can be used to limit what types of virtualization
19       are detected.
20
21       When executed without --quiet will print a short identifier for the
22       detected virtualization technology. The following technologies are
23       currently identified:
24
25       Table 1. Known virtualization technologies (both VM, i.e. full hardware
26       virtualization, and container, i.e. shared kernel virtualization)
27       ┌──────────┬────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
28Type      ID             Product                     
29       ├──────────┼────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
30       │VM        │ qemu           │ QEMU software               │
31       │          │                │ virtualization,             │
32       │          │                │ without KVM                 │
33       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
34       │          │ kvm            │ Linux KVM kernel            │
35       │          │                │ virtual machine, in         │
36       │          │                │ combination with            │
37       │          │                │ QEMU. Not used for          │
38       │          │                │ other virtualizers          │
39       │          │                │ using the KVM               │
40       │          │                │ interfaces, such as         │
41       │          │                │ Oracle VirtualBox           │
42       │          │                │ or Amazon EC2               │
43       │          │                │ Nitro, see below.           │
44       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
45       │          │ amazon         │ Amazon EC2 Nitro            │
46       │          │                │ using Linux KVM             │
47       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
48       │          │ zvm            │ s390 z/VM                   │
49       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
50       │          │ vmware         │ VMware Workstation          │
51       │          │                │ or Server, and              │
52       │          │                │ related products            │
53       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
54       │          │ microsoft      │ Hyper-V, also known         │
55       │          │                │ as Viridian or              │
56       │          │                │ Windows Server              │
57       │          │                │ Virtualization              │
58       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
59       │          │ oracle         │ Oracle VM                   │
60       │          │                │ VirtualBox                  │
61       │          │                │ (historically               │
62       │          │                │ marketed by innotek         │
63       │          │                │ and Sun                     │
64       │          │                │ Microsystems), for          │
65       │          │                │ legacy and KVM              │
66       │          │                │ hypervisor                  │
67       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
68       │          │ powervm        │ IBM PowerVM                 │
69       │          │                │ hypervisor — comes          │
70       │          │                │ as firmware with            │
71       │          │                │ some IBM POWER              │
72       │          │                │ servers                     │
73       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
74       │          │ xen            │ Xen hypervisor              │
75       │          │                │ (only domU, not             │
76       │          │                │ dom0)                       │
77       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
78       │          │ bochs          │ Bochs Emulator              │
79       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
80       │          │ uml            │ User-mode Linux             │
81       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
82       │          │ parallels      │ Parallels Desktop,          │
83       │          │                │ Parallels Server            │
84       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
85       │          │ bhyve          │ bhyve, FreeBSD              │
86       │          │                │ hypervisor                  │
87       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
88       │          │ qnx            │ QNX hypervisor              │
89       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
90       │          │ acrnACRN hypervisor[1]          │
91       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
92       │          │ appleApple                       
93       │          │                │ Virtualization.framework[2] │
94       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
95       │          │ sreLMHS SRE hypervisor[3]      │
96       ├──────────┼────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
97       │Container │ openvz         │ OpenVZ/Virtuozzo            │
98       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
99       │          │ lxc            │ Linux container             │
100       │          │                │ implementation by LXC       │
101       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
102       │          │ lxc-libvirt    │ Linux container             │
103       │          │                │ implementation by libvirt   │
104       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
105       │          │ systemd-nspawn │ systemd's minimal container │
106       │          │                │ implementation, see         │
107       │          │                │ systemd-nspawn(1)
108       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
109       │          │ docker         │ Docker container manager    │
110       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
111       │          │ podmanPodman[4] container manager │
112       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
113       │          │ rkt            │ rkt app container runtime   │
114       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
115       │          │ wslWindows Subsystem for       
116       │          │                │ Linux[5]                    │
117       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
118       │          │ prootproot[6] userspace          │
119       │          │                │ chroot/bind mount emulation │
120       │          ├────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
121       │          │ pouchPouch[7] Container Engine   │
122       └──────────┴────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘
123
124       If multiple virtualization solutions are used, only the "innermost" is
125       detected and identified. That means if both machine and container
126       virtualization are used in conjunction, only the latter will be
127       identified (unless --vm is passed).
128
129       Windows Subsystem for Linux is not a Linux container, but an
130       environment for running Linux userspace applications on top of the
131       Windows kernel using a Linux-compatible interface. WSL is categorized
132       as a container for practical purposes. Multiple WSL environments share
133       the same kernel and services should generally behave like when being
134       run in a container.
135

OPTIONS

137       The following options are understood:
138
139       -c, --container
140           Only detects container virtualization (i.e. shared kernel
141           virtualization).
142
143       -v, --vm
144           Only detects hardware virtualization.
145
146       -r, --chroot
147           Detect whether invoked in a chroot(2) environment. In this mode, no
148           output is written, but the return value indicates whether the
149           process was invoked in a chroot() environment or not.
150
151       --private-users
152           Detect whether invoked in a user namespace. In this mode, no output
153           is written, but the return value indicates whether the process was
154           invoked inside of a user namespace or not. See user_namespaces(7)
155           for more information.
156
157       -q, --quiet
158           Suppress output of the virtualization technology identifier.
159
160       --list
161           Output all currently known and detectable container and VM
162           environments.
163
164       -h, --help
165           Print a short help text and exit.
166
167       --version
168           Print a short version string and exit.
169

EXIT STATUS

171       If a virtualization technology is detected, 0 is returned, a non-zero
172       code otherwise.
173

SEE ALSO

175       systemd(1), systemd-nspawn(1), chroot(2), namespaces(7)
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NOTES

178        1. ACRN hypervisor
179           https://projectacrn.org
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181        2. Apple Virtualization.framework
182           https://developer.apple.com/documentation/virtualization
183
184        3. LMHS SRE hypervisor
185           https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/products/Hardened-Security-for-Intel-Processors.html
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187        4. Podman
188           https://podman.io
189
190        5. Windows Subsystem for Linux
191           https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about
192
193        6. proot
194           https://proot-me.github.io/
195
196        7. Pouch
197           https://github.com/alibaba/pouch
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201systemd 251                                             SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
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