1SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1) systemd-detect-virt SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
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6 systemd-detect-virt - Detect execution in a virtualized environment
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9 systemd-detect-virt [OPTIONS...]
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12 systemd-detect-virt detects execution in a virtualized environment. It
13 identifies the virtualization technology and can distinguish full
14 machine virtualization from container virtualization.
15 systemd-detect-virt exits with a return value of 0 (success) if a
16 virtualization technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise.
17 By default, any type of virtualization is detected, and the options
18 --container and --vm can be used to limit what types of virtualization
19 are detected.
20 When executed without --quiet will print a short identifier for the
22 detected virtualization technology. The following technologies are
23 currently identified:
24 Table 1. Known virtualization technologies (both VM, i.e. full hardware
26 virtualization, and container, i.e. shared kernel virtualization)
27 ┌──────────┬────────────────┬─────────────────────┐
28 │Type │ ID │ Product │
29 ├──────────┼────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
30 │VM │ qemu │ QEMU software │
31 │ │ │ virtualization, │
32 │ │ │ without KVM │
33 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
34 │ │ kvm │ Linux KVM kernel │
35 │ │ │ virtual machine, │
36 │ │ │ with whatever │
37 │ │ │ software, except │
38 │ │ │ Oracle Virtualbox │
39 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
40 │ │ zvm │ s390 z/VM │
41 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
42 │ │ vmware │ VMware Workstation │
43 │ │ │ or Server, and │
44 │ │ │ related products │
45 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
46 │ │ microsoft │ Hyper-V, also known │
47 │ │ │ as Viridian or │
48 │ │ │ Windows Server │
49 │ │ │ Virtualization │
50 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
51 │ │ oracle │ Oracle VM │
52 │ │ │ VirtualBox │
53 │ │ │ (historically │
54 │ │ │ marketed by innotek │
55 │ │ │ and Sun │
56 │ │ │ Microsystems), for │
57 │ │ │ legacy and KVM │
58 │ │ │ hypervisor │
59 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
60 │ │ powervm │ IBM PowerVM │
61 │ │ │ hypervisor — comes │
62 │ │ │ as firmware with │
63 │ │ │ some IBM POWER │
64 │ │ │ servers │
65 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
66 │ │ xen │ Xen hypervisor │
67 │ │ │ (only domU, not │
68 │ │ │ dom0) │
69 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
70 │ │ bochs │ Bochs Emulator │
71 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
72 │ │ uml │ User-mode Linux │
73 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
74 │ │ parallels │ Parallels Desktop, │
75 │ │ │ Parallels Server │
76 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
77 │ │ bhyve │ bhyve, FreeBSD │
78 │ │ │ hypervisor │
79 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
80 │ │ qnx │ QNX hypervisor │
81 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
82 │ │ acrn │ ACRN hypervisor[1] │
83 ├──────────┼────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
84 │Container │ openvz │ OpenVZ/Virtuozzo │
85 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
86 │ │ lxc │ Linux container │
87 │ │ │ implementation by │
88 │ │ │ LXC │
89 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
90 │ │ lxc-libvirt │ Linux container │
91 │ │ │ implementation by │
92 │ │ │ libvirt │
93 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
94 │ │ systemd-nspawn │ systemd's minimal │
95 │ │ │ container │
96 │ │ │ implementation, see │
97 │ │ │ systemd-nspawn(1) │
98 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
99 │ │ docker │ Docker container │
100 │ │ │ manager │
101 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
102 │ │ podman │ Podman[2] container │
103 │ │ │ manager │
104 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
105 │ │ rkt │ rkt app container │
106 │ │ │ runtime │
107 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
108 │ │ wsl │ Windows Subsystem │
109 │ │ │ for Linux[3] │
110 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
111 │ │ proot │ proot[4] userspace │
112 │ │ │ chroot/bind mount │
113 │ │ │ emulation │
114 │ ├────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
115 │ │ pouch │ Pouch[5] Container │
116 │ │ │ Engine │
117 └──────────┴────────────────┴─────────────────────┘
118 If multiple virtualization solutions are used, only the "innermost" is
120 detected and identified. That means if both machine and container
121 virtualization are used in conjunction, only the latter will be
122 identified (unless --vm is passed).
123 Windows Subsystem for Linux is not a Linux container, but an
125 environment for running Linux userspace applications on top of the
126 Windows kernel using a Linux-compatible interface. WSL is categorized
127 as a container for practical purposes. Multiple WSL environments share
128 the same kernel and services should generally behave like when being
129 run in a container.
130
132 The following options are understood:
133 -c, --container
135 Only detects container virtualization (i.e. shared kernel
136 virtualization).
137 -v, --vm
139 Only detects hardware virtualization.
140 -r, --chroot
142 Detect whether invoked in a chroot(2) environment. In this mode, no
143 output is written, but the return value indicates whether the
144 process was invoked in a chroot() environment or not.
145 --private-users
147 Detect whether invoked in a user namespace. In this mode, no output
148 is written, but the return value indicates whether the process was
149 invoked inside of a user namespace or not. See user_namespaces(7)
150 for more information.
151 -q, --quiet
153 Suppress output of the virtualization technology identifier.
154 --list
156 Output all currently known and detectable container and VM
157 environments.
158 -h, --help
160 Print a short help text and exit.
161 --version
163 Print a short version string and exit.
164
166 If a virtualization technology is detected, 0 is returned, a non-zero
167 code otherwise.
168
170 systemd(1), systemd-nspawn(1), chroot(2), namespaces(7)
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173 1. ACRN hypervisor
174 https://projectacrn.org
175 2. Podman
177 https://podman.io
178 3. Windows Subsystem for Linux
180 https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about
181 4. proot
183 https://proot-me.github.io/
184 5. Pouch
186 https://github.com/alibaba/pouch
187systemd 248 SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)