1SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1) systemd-detect-virt SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)
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6 systemd-detect-virt - Detect execution in a virtualized environment
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9 systemd-detect-virt [OPTIONS...]
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12 systemd-detect-virt detects execution in a virtualized environment. It
13 identifies the virtualization technology and can distinguish full
14 machine virtualization from container virtualization.
15 systemd-detect-virt exits with a return value of 0 (success) if a
16 virtualization technology is detected, and non-zero (error) otherwise.
17 By default, any type of virtualization is detected, and the options
18 --container and --vm can be used to limit what types of virtualization
19 are detected.
20 When executed without --quiet will print a short identifier for the
22 detected virtualization technology. The following technologies are
23 currently identified:
24 Table 1. Known virtualization technologies (both VM, i.e. full hardware
26 virtualization, and container, i.e. shared kernel virtualization)
27 ┌──────────┬────────────────────┬─────────────────────┐
28 │Type │ ID │ Product │
29 ├──────────┼────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
30 │VM │ qemu │ QEMU software │
31 │ │ │ virtualization, │
32 │ │ │ without KVM │
33 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
34 │ │ kvm │ Linux KVM kernel │
35 │ │ │ virtual machine, in │
36 │ │ │ combination with │
37 │ │ │ QEMU. Not used for │
38 │ │ │ other virtualizers │
39 │ │ │ using the KVM │
40 │ │ │ interfaces, such as │
41 │ │ │ Oracle VirtualBox │
42 │ │ │ or Amazon EC2 │
43 │ │ │ Nitro, see below. │
44 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
45 │ │ amazon │ Amazon EC2 Nitro │
46 │ │ │ using Linux KVM │
47 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
48 │ │ zvm │ s390 z/VM │
49 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
50 │ │ vmware │ VMware Workstation │
51 │ │ │ or Server, and │
52 │ │ │ related products │
53 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
54 │ │ microsoft │ Hyper-V, also known │
55 │ │ │ as Viridian or │
56 │ │ │ Windows Server │
57 │ │ │ Virtualization │
58 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
59 │ │ oracle │ Oracle VM │
60 │ │ │ VirtualBox │
61 │ │ │ (historically │
62 │ │ │ marketed by innotek │
63 │ │ │ and Sun │
64 │ │ │ Microsystems), for │
65 │ │ │ legacy and KVM │
66 │ │ │ hypervisor │
67 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
68 │ │ powervm │ IBM PowerVM │
69 │ │ │ hypervisor — comes │
70 │ │ │ as firmware with │
71 │ │ │ some IBM POWER │
72 │ │ │ servers │
73 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
74 │ │ xen │ Xen hypervisor │
75 │ │ │ (only domU, not │
76 │ │ │ dom0) │
77 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
78 │ │ bochs │ Bochs Emulator │
79 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
80 │ │ uml │ User-mode Linux │
81 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
82 │ │ parallels │ Parallels Desktop, │
83 │ │ │ Parallels Server │
84 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
85 │ │ bhyve │ bhyve, FreeBSD │
86 │ │ │ hypervisor │
87 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
88 │ │ qnx │ QNX hypervisor │
89 ├──────────┼────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
90 │acrn │ ACRN hypervisor[1] │ │
91 ├──────────┼────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
92 │Container │ openvz │ OpenVZ/Virtuozzo │
93 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
94 │ │ lxc │ Linux container │
95 │ │ │ implementation by │
96 │ │ │ LXC │
97 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
98 │ │ lxc-libvirt │ Linux container │
99 │ │ │ implementation by │
100 │ │ │ libvirt │
101 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
102 │ │ systemd-nspawn │ systemd's minimal │
103 │ │ │ container │
104 │ │ │ implementation, see │
105 │ │ │ systemd-nspawn(1) │
106 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
107 │ │ docker │ Docker container │
108 │ │ │ manager │
109 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
110 │ │ podman │ Podman[2] container │
111 │ │ │ manager │
112 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
113 │ │ rkt │ rkt app container │
114 │ │ │ runtime │
115 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
116 │ │ wsl │ Windows Subsystem │
117 │ │ │ for Linux[3] │
118 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
119 │ │ proot │ proot[4] userspace │
120 │ │ │ chroot/bind mount │
121 │ │ │ emulation │
122 │ ├────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
123 │ │ pouch │ Pouch[5] Container │
124 │ │ │ Engine │
125 └──────────┴────────────────────┴─────────────────────┘
126 If multiple virtualization solutions are used, only the "innermost" is
128 detected and identified. That means if both machine and container
129 virtualization are used in conjunction, only the latter will be
130 identified (unless --vm is passed).
131 Windows Subsystem for Linux is not a Linux container, but an
133 environment for running Linux userspace applications on top of the
134 Windows kernel using a Linux-compatible interface. WSL is categorized
135 as a container for practical purposes. Multiple WSL environments share
136 the same kernel and services should generally behave like when being
137 run in a container.
138
140 The following options are understood:
141 -c, --container
143 Only detects container virtualization (i.e. shared kernel
144 virtualization).
145 -v, --vm
147 Only detects hardware virtualization.
148 -r, --chroot
150 Detect whether invoked in a chroot(2) environment. In this mode, no
151 output is written, but the return value indicates whether the
152 process was invoked in a chroot() environment or not.
153 --private-users
155 Detect whether invoked in a user namespace. In this mode, no output
156 is written, but the return value indicates whether the process was
157 invoked inside of a user namespace or not. See user_namespaces(7)
158 for more information.
159 -q, --quiet
161 Suppress output of the virtualization technology identifier.
162 --list
164 Output all currently known and detectable container and VM
165 environments.
166 -h, --help
168 Print a short help text and exit.
169 --version
171 Print a short version string and exit.
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174 If a virtualization technology is detected, 0 is returned, a non-zero
175 code otherwise.
176
178 systemd(1), systemd-nspawn(1), chroot(2), namespaces(7)
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181 1. ACRN hypervisor
182 https://projectacrn.org
183 2. Podman
185 https://podman.io
186 3. Windows Subsystem for Linux
188 https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about
189 4. proot
191 https://proot-me.github.io/
192 5. Pouch
194 https://github.com/alibaba/pouch
195systemd 249 SYSTEMD-DETECT-VIRT(1)