1TIFFCP(1) General Commands Manual TIFFCP(1)
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6 tiffcp - copy (and possibly convert) a TIFF file
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9 tiffcp [ options ] src1.tif ... srcN.tif dst.tif
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12 tiffcp combines one or more files created according to the Tag Image
13 File Format, Revision 6.0 into a single TIFF file. Because the output
14 file may be compressed using a different algorithm than the input
15 files, tiffcp is most often used to convert between different compres‐
16 sion schemes.
17 By default, tiffcp will copy all the understood tags in a TIFF direc‐
19 tory of an input file to the associated directory in the output file.
20 tiffcp can be used to reorganize the storage characteristics of data in
22 a file, but it is explicitly intended to not alter or convert the image
23 data content in any way.
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26 -a Append to an existing output file instead of overwriting it
27 -b image
29 subtract the following monochrome image from all others pro‐
30 cessed. This can be used to remove a noise bias from a set of
31 images. This bias image is typically an image of noise the cam‐
32 era saw with its shutter closed.
33 -B Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order. This
35 option only has an effect when the output file is created or
36 overwritten and not when it is appended to.
37 -C Suppress the use of ``strip chopping'' when reading images that
39 have a single strip/tile of uncompressed data.
40 -c Specify the compression to use for data written to the output
42 file: none for no compression, packbits for PackBits compres‐
43 sion, lzw for Lempel-Ziv & Welch compression, zip for Deflate
44 compression, lzma for LZMA2 compression, jpeg for baseline JPEG
45 compression, g3 for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and g4 for
46 CCITT Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default tiffcp will com‐
47 press data according to the value of the Compression tag found
48 in the source file.
49 The CCITT Group 3 and Group 4 compression algorithms can only be
51 used with bilevel data.
52 Group 3 compression can be specified together with several
54 T.4-specific options: 1d for 1-dimensional encoding, 2d for
55 2-dimensional encoding, and fill to force each encoded scanline
56 to be zero-filled so that the terminating EOL code lies on a
57 byte boundary. Group 3-specific options are specified by
58 appending a ``:''-separated list to the ``g3'' option; e.g. -c
59 g3:2d:fill to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL codes.
60 LZW, Deflate and LZMA2 compression can be specified together
62 with a predictor value. A predictor value of 2 causes each scan‐
63 line of the output image to undergo horizontal differencing
64 before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each scanline to be
65 encoded without differencing. A value 3 is for floating point
66 predictor which you can use if the encoded data are in floating
67 point format. LZW-specific options are specified by appending a
68 ``:''-separated list to the ``lzw'' option; e.g. -c lzw:2 for
69 LZW compression with horizontal differencing.
70 Deflate and LZMA2 encoders support various compression levels
72 (or encoder presets) set as character ``p'' and a preset number.
73 ``p1'' is the fastest one with the worst compression ratio and
74 ``p9'' is the slowest but with the best possible ratio; e.g. -c
75 zip:3:p9 for Deflate encoding with maximum compression level and
76 floating point predictor.
77 -f Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output data. By
79 default, tiffcp will create a new file with the same fill order
80 as the original. Specifying -f lsb2msb will force data to be
81 written with the FillOrder tag set to LSB2MSB, while -f msb2lsb
82 will force data to be written with the FillOrder tag set to
83 MSB2LSB.
84 -i Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of the
86 input file.
87 -l Specify the length of a tile (in pixels). tiffcp attempts to
89 set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of data
90 appear in a tile.
91 -L Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte order. This
93 option only has an effect when the output file is created or
94 overwritten and not when it is appended to.
95 -M Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading images.
97 -o offset
99 Set initial directory offset
100 -p Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image data
102 that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default, tiffcp will
103 create a new file with the same planar configuration as the
104 original. Specifying -p contig will force data to be written
105 with multi-sample data packed together, while -p separate will
106 force samples to be written in separate planes.
107 -r Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of data
109 written to the output file. By default (or when value 0 is
110 specified), tiffcp attempts to set the rows/strip that no more
111 than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a strip. If you specify spe‐
112 cial value -1 it will results in infinite number of the rows per
113 strip. The entire image will be the one strip in that case.
114 -s Force the output file to be written with data organized in
116 strips (rather than tiles).
117 -t Force the output file to be written with data organized in tiles
119 (rather than strips). options can be used to force the resultant
120 image to be written as strips or tiles of data, respectively.
121 -w Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). tiffcp attempts to set
123 the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of data
124 appear in a tile. tiffcp attempts to set the tile dimensions so
125 that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.
126 -x Force the output file to be written with PAGENUMBER value in
128 sequence.
129 -8 Write BigTIFF instead of classic TIFF format.
131 -,=character
133 substitute character for `,' in parsing image directory indices
134 in files. This is necessary if filenames contain commas. Note
135 that -,= with whitespace immediately following will disable the
136 special meaning of the `,' entirely. See examples.
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139 The following concatenates two files and writes the result using LZW
140 encoding:
141 tiffcp -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
142 To convert a G3 1d-encoded TIFF to a single strip of G4-encoded data
144 the following might be used:
145 tiffcp -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
146 (1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of rows in the
147 source file.)
148 To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image TIFF file, the
150 file name may be immediately followed by a `,' separated list of image
151 directory indices. The first image is always in directory 0. Thus, to
152 copy the 1st and 3rd images of image file ``album.tif'' to
153 ``result.tif'':
154 tiffcp album.tif,0,2 result.tif
155 A trailing comma denotes remaining images in sequence. The following
157 command will copy all image with except the first one:
158 tiffcp album.tif,1, result.tif
159 Given file ``CCD.tif'' whose first image is a noise bias followed by
161 images which include that bias, subtract the noise from all those
162 images following it (while decompressing) with the command:
163 tiffcp -c none -b CCD.tif CCD.tif,1, result.tif
164 If the file above were named ``CCD,X.tif'', the -,= option would be
166 required to correctly parse this filename with image numbers, as fol‐
167 lows:
168 tiffcp -c none -,=% -b CCD,X.tif CCD,X%1%.tif result.tif
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171 pal2rgb(1), tiffinfo(1), tiffcmp(1), tiffmedian(1), tiffsplit(1),
172 libtiff(3TIFF)
173 Libtiff library home page: http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/
175libtiff February 24, 2007 TIFFCP(1)