1JOIN(1)                          User Commands                         JOIN(1)
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NAME

6       join - join lines of two files on a common field
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SYNOPSIS

9       join [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
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DESCRIPTION

12       For  each  pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line
13       to standard output.  The default join field is the first, delimited  by
14       whitespace.  When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.
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16       -a FILENUM
17              print  unpairable  lines coming from file FILENUM, where FILENUM
18              is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2
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20       -e EMPTY
21              replace missing input fields with EMPTY
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23       -i, --ignore-case
24              ignore differences in case when comparing fields
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26       -j FIELD
27              equivalent to `-1 FIELD -2 FIELD'
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29       -o FORMAT
30              obey FORMAT while constructing output line
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32       -t CHAR
33              use CHAR as input and output field separator
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35       -v FILENUM
36              like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
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38       -1 FIELD
39              join on this FIELD of file 1
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41       -2 FIELD
42              join on this FIELD of file 2
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44       --check-order
45              check that the input is correctly  sorted,  even  if  all  input
46              lines are pairable
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48       --nocheck-order
49              do not check that the input is correctly sorted
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51       --header
52              treat  the  first line in each file as field headers, print them
53              without trying to pair them
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55       --help display this help and exit
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57       --version
58              output version information and exit
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60       Unless -t CHAR  is  given,  leading  blanks  separate  fields  and  are
61       ignored,  else fields are separated by CHAR.  Any FIELD is a field num‐
62       ber counted from 1.  FORMAT is one or more  comma  or  blank  separated
63       specifications, each being `FILENUM.FIELD' or `0'.  Default FORMAT out‐
64       puts the join field, the remaining fields  from  FILE1,  the  remaining
65       fields from FILE2, all separated by CHAR.
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67       Important:  FILE1  and  FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields.  E.g.,
68       use ` sort -k 1b,1 ' if `join' has no options, or use ` join -t '' ' if
69       `sort'  has no options.  Note, comparisons honor the rules specified by
70       `LC_COLLATE'.  If the input is not sorted  and  some  lines  cannot  be
71       joined, a warning message will be given.
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AUTHOR

74       Written by Mike Haertel.
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REPORTING BUGS

77       Report join bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
78       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
79       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
80       Report join translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
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83       Copyright  ©  2010  Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU
84       GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
85       This is free software: you are free  to  change  and  redistribute  it.
86       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
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SEE ALSO

89       comm(1), uniq(1)
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91       The  full documentation for join is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If
92       the info and join programs are properly installed  at  your  site,  the
93       command
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95              info coreutils 'join invocation'
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97       should give you access to the complete manual.
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101GNU coreutils 8.5                November 2010                         JOIN(1)
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