1HIER(7)                Miscellaneous Information Manual                HIER(7)
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NAME

6       hier - file system hierarchy
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DESCRIPTION

9       The  following  outline  gives  a  quick  tour through a representative
10       directory hierarchy.
11
12       /      root
13       /vmunix
14              the kernel binary (UNIX itself)
15       /lost+found
16              directory for connecting detached files for fsck(8)
17       /dev/  devices (4)
18              MAKEDEV
19                     shell script to create special files
20              MAKEDEV.local
21                     site specific part of MAKEDEV
22              console
23                     main console, tty(4)
24              tty*   terminals, tty(4)
25              hp*    disks, hp(4)
26              rhp*   raw disks, hp(4)
27              up*    UNIBUS disks up(4)
28              ...
29       /bin/  utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)
30              as     assembler
31              cc     C compiler executive, cf /lib/ccom, /lib/cpp, /lib/c2
32              csh    C shell
33              ...
34       /lib/  object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/
35              libc.a system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S)
36              ...
37              ccom   C compiler proper
38              cpp    C preprocessor
39              c2     C code improver
40              ...
41       /etc/  essential data and maintenance utilities; sect (8)
42              dump   dump program dump(8)
43              passwd password file, passwd(5)
44              group  group file, group(5)
45              motd   message of the day, login(1)
46              termcap
47                     description of terminal capabilities, termcap(5)
48              ttytype
49                     table of what kind of terminal is on each port,
50                     ttytype(5)
51              mtab   mounted file table, mtab(5)
52              dumpdates
53                     dump history, dump(8)
54              fstab  file system configuration table fstab(5)
55              disktab
56                     disk characteristics and partition tables, disktab(5)
57              hosts  host name to network address mapping file, hosts(5)
58              networks
59                     network name to network number mapping file, networks(5)
60              protocols
61                     protocol name to protocol number mapping file,
62                     protocols(5)
63              services
64                     network services definition file, services(5)
65              remote names and description of remote hosts for tip(1C),
66                     remote(5)
67              phones private phone numbers for remote hosts, as described in
68                     phones(5)
69              ttys   properties of terminals, ttys(5)
70              getty  part of login, getty(8)
71              init   the parent of all processes, init(8)
72              rc     shell program to bring the system up
73              rc.local
74                     site dependent portion of rc
75              cron   the clock daemon, cron(8)
76              mount  mount(8)
77              ...
78       /sys/  system source
79              h/     header (include) files
80                     acct.h acct(5)
81                     stat.h stat(2)
82                     ...
83              sys/   machine independent system source
84                     init_main.c
85                     uipc_socket.c
86                     ufs_syscalls.c
87                     ...
88              conf/  site configuration files
89                     GENERIC
90                     ...
91              net/   general network source
92              netinet/
93                     DARPA Internet network source
94              netimp/
95                     network code related to use of an IMP
96                     if_imp.c
97                     if_imphost.c
98                     if_imphost.h
99                     ...
100              vax/   source specific to the VAX
101                     locore.s
102                     machdep.c
103                     ...
104              vaxuba/
105                     device drivers for hardware which resides on the UNIBUS
106                     uba.c
107                     dh.c
108                     up.c
109                     ...
110              vaxmba/
111                     device drivers for hardware which resides on the MASBUS
112                     mba.c
113                     hp.c
114                     ht.c
115                     ...
116              vaxif  network interface drivers for the VAX
117                     if_en.c
118                     if_ec.c
119                     if_vv.c
120                     ...
121       /tmp/  temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/
122              e*     used by ed(1)
123              ctm*   used by cc(1)
124              ...
125       /usr/  general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system
126              adm/   administrative information
127                     wtmp   login history, utmp(5)
128                     messages
129                            hardware error messages
130                     tracct phototypesetter accounting, troff(1)
131                     lpacct line printer accounting lpr(1)
132                     vaacct, vpacct
133                            varian and versatec accounting vpr(1), vtroff(1),
134                            pac(8)
135       /usr /bin
136              utility programs, to keep /bin/ small
137              tmp/   temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small
138                     stm*   used by sort(1)
139                     raster used by plot(1G)
140              dict/  word lists, etc.
141                     words  principal word list, used by look(1)
142                     spellhist
143                            history file for spell(1)
144              games/
145                     hangman
146                     lib/   library of stuff for the games
147                            quiz.k/
148                                   what quiz(6) knows
149                                   index  category index
150                                   africa countries and capitals
151                                   ...
152                            ...
153                     ...
154              include/
155                     standard #include files
156                     a.out.h
157                            object file layout, a.out(5)
158                     stdio.h
159                            standard I/O, intro(3S)
160                     math.h (3M)
161                     ...
162                     sys/   system-defined layouts, cf /sys/h
163                     net/   symbolic link to sys/net
164                     machine/
165                            symbolic link to sys/machine
166                     ...
167              lib/   object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small
168                     atrun  scheduler for at(1)
169                     lint/  utility files for lint
170                            lint[12]
171                                   subprocesses for lint(1)
172                            llib-lc
173                                   dummy declarations for /lib/libc.a, used by
174                                   lint(1)
175                            llib-lm
176                                   dummy declarations for /lib/libc.m
177                            ...
178                     struct/
179                            passes of struct(1)
180                     ...
181                     tmac/  macros for troff(1)
182                            tmac.an
183                                   macros for man(7)
184                            tmac.s macros for ms(7)
185                            ...
186                     font/  fonts for troff(1)
187                            ftR    Times Roman
188                            ftB    Times Bold
189                            ...
190                     uucp/  programs and data for uucp(1C)
191                            L.sys  remote system names and numbers
192                            uucico the real copy program
193                            ...
194                     units  conversion tables for units(1)
195                     eign   list of English words to be ignored by ptx(1)
196       /usr/     man/
197              volume 1 of this manual, man(1)
198                     man0/  general
199                            intro  introduction to volume 1, ms(7) format
200                            xx     template for manual page
201                     man1/  chapter 1
202                            as.1
203                            mount.1m
204                            ...
205                     ...
206                     cat1/  preformatted pages for section 1
207                     ...
208              msgs/  messages, cf msgs(1)
209                     bounds highest and lowest message
210              new/   binaries of new versions of programs
211              preserve/
212                     editor temporaries preserved here after crashes/hangups
213              public/
214                     binaries of user programs - write permission to everyone
215              spool/ delayed execution files
216                     at/    used by at(1)
217                     lpd/   used by lpr(1)
218                            lock   present when line printer is active
219                            cf*    copy of file to be printed, if necessary
220                            df*    daemon control file, lpd(8)
221                            tf*    transient control file, while lpr is
222                                   working
223                     uucp/  work files and staging area for uucp(1C)
224                            LOGFILE
225                                   summary log
226                            LOG.*  log file for one transaction
227                     mail/  mailboxes for mail(1)
228                            name   mail file for user name
229                            name.lock
230                                   lock file while name is receiving mail
231                     secretmail/
232                            like mail/
233                     uucp/  work files and staging area for uucp(1C)
234                            LOGFILE
235                                   summary log
236                            LOG.*  log file for one transaction
237                            mqueue/
238                                   mail queue for sendmail(8)
239              wd     initial working directory of a user, typically wd is the
240                     user's login name
241                     .profile
242                            set environment for sh(1), environ(7)
243                     .project
244                            what you are doing (used by ( finger(1) )
245                     .cshrc startup file for csh(1)
246                     .exrc  startup file for ex(1)
247                     .plan  what your short-term plans are (used by finger(1)
248                            )
249                     .netrc startup file for various network programs
250                     .msgsrc
251                            startup file for msgs(1)
252                     .mailrc
253                            startup file for mail(1)
254                     calendar
255                            user's datebook for calendar(1)
256              doc/   papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in
257                     ms(7) format
258                     as/    assembler manual
259                     c      C manual
260                     ...
261       /usr/     src/
262                     source programs for utilities, etc.
263                     bin/   source of commands in /bin
264                            as/    assembler
265                            ar.c   source for ar(1)
266                            ...
267                     usr.bin/
268                            source for commands in /usr/bin
269                            troff/ source for nroff and troff(1)
270                                   font/  source for font tables,
271                                          /usr/lib/font/
272                                          ftR.c  Roman
273                                          ...
274                                   term/  terminal characteristics tables,
275                                          /usr/lib/term/
276                                          tab300.c
277                                                 DASI 300
278                                          ...
279                                   ...
280                     ucb    source for programs in /usr/ucb
281                     games/ source for /usr/games
282                     lib/   source for programs and archives in /lib
283                            libc/  C runtime library
284                                   csu/   startup and wrapup routines needed
285                                          with every C program
286                                          crt0.s regular startup
287                                          mcrt0.s
288                                                 modified startup for cc -p
289                                   sys/   system calls (2)
290                                          access.s
291                                          brk.s
292                                          ...
293                            stdio/ standard I/O functions (3S)
294                                   fgets.c
295                                   fopen.c
296                                   ...
297                            gen/   other functions in (3)
298                                   abs.c
299                                   ...
300                            net/   network functions in (3N)
301                                   gethostbyname.c
302                                   ...
303                     local/ source which isn't normally distributed
304                     new/   source for new versions of commands and library
305                            routines
306                     old/   source for old versions of commands and library
307                            routines
308                     ucb/   binaries of programs developed at UCB
309                            ...
310                            edit   editor for beginners
311                            ex     command editor for experienced users
312                            ...
313                            mail   mail reading/sending subsystem
314                            man    on line documentation
315                            ...
316                            pi     Pascal translator
317                            px     Pascal interpreter
318                            ...
319                            vi     visual editor

SEE ALSO

321       ls(1),   apropos(1),   whatis(1),   whereis(1),   finger(1),  which(1),
322       ncheck(8), find(1), grep(1)

BUGS

324       The position of files is subject to change without notice.
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3284th Berkeley Distribution        May 20, 1985                          HIER(7)
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