1PERLDIAG(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide PERLDIAG(1)
2
6 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
7
9 These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of
10 desperation):
11 (W) A warning (optional).
13 (D) A deprecation (enabled by default).
14 (S) A severe warning (enabled by default).
15 (F) A fatal error (trappable).
16 (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable).
17 (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable).
18 (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl).
19 The majority of messages from the first three classifications above (W,
21 D & S) can be controlled using the "warnings" pragma.
22 If a message can be controlled by the "warnings" pragma, its warning
24 category is included with the classification letter in the description
25 below.
26 Optional warnings are enabled by using the "warnings" pragma or the -w
28 and -W switches. Warnings may be captured by setting $SIG{__WARN__} to
29 a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead of
30 printing it. See perlvar.
31 Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled
33 with the "warnings" pragma or the -X switch.
34 Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See "eval" in
36 perlfunc. In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively disabled or
37 promoted to fatal errors using the "warnings" pragma. See warnings.
38 The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or
40 lower-case. Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are
41 denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape. These escapes are
42 ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than
43 letters. To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a
44 letter.
45 accept() on closed socket %s
47 (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you
48 forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See
49 "accept" in perlfunc.
50 Allocation too large: %lx
52 (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
53 '%c' allowed only after types %s
55 (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or
56 unpack() only after certain types. See "pack" in perlfunc.
57 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &
59 (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a
60 Perl keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for
61 calling one or the other. Perl decided to call the builtin because
62 the subroutine is not imported.
63 To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an
65 ampersand before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its
66 package. Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend
67 that it's imported with the "use subs" pragma).
68 To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the "CORE::"
70 prefix on the operator (e.g. "CORE::log($x)") or declare the
71 subroutine to be an object method (see "Subroutine Attributes" in
72 perlsub or attributes).
73 Ambiguous range in transliteration operator
75 (F) You wrote something like "tr/a-z-0//" which doesn't mean
76 anything at all. To include a "-" character in a transliteration,
77 put it either first or last. (In the past, "tr/a-z-0//" was
78 synonymous with "tr/a-y//", which was probably not what you would
79 have expected.)
80 Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s
82 (W ambiguous)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the
83 way you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by
84 supplying a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or
85 declaration.
86 '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line
88 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
89 redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also
90 tried to redirect STDIN using '<'. Only one STDIN stream to a
91 customer, please.
92 '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line
94 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
95 redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file
96 and into a pipe to another command. You need to choose one or the
97 other, though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or
98 Perl script which 'splits' output into two streams, such as
99 open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!";
101 while (<STDIN>) {
102 print;
103 print OUT;
104 }
105 close OUT;
106 Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)
108 (W misc) The pattern match ("//"), substitution ("s///"), and
109 transliteration ("tr///") operators work on scalar values. If you
110 apply one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array
111 or hash to a scalar value (the length of an array, or the
112 population info of a hash) and then work on that scalar value.
113 This is probably not what you meant to do. See "grep" in perlfunc
114 and "map" in perlfunc for alternatives.
115 Args must match #! line
117 (F) The setuid emulator requires that the arguments Perl was
118 invoked with match the arguments specified on the #! line. Since
119 some systems impose a one-argument limit on the #! line, try
120 combining switches; for example, turn "-w -U" into "-wU".
121 Arg too short for msgsnd
123 (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long).
124 %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
126 (F) The argument to exists() must be a hash or array element or a
127 subroutine with an ampersand, such as:
128 $foo{$bar}
130 $ref->{"susie"}[12]
131 &do_something
132 %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice
134 (F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash or array
135 element, such as:
136 $foo{$bar}
138 $ref->{"susie"}[12]
139 or a hash or array slice, such as:
141 @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy]
143 @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"}
144 %s argument is not a subroutine name
146 (F) The argument to exists() for "exists &sub" must be a subroutine
147 name, and not a subroutine call. "exists &sub()" will generate
148 this error.
149 Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s
151 (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an
152 operator that expected a numeric value instead. If you're
153 fortunate the message will identify which operator was so
154 unfortunate.
155 Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s"
157 (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O
158 system you forgot the ) that closes the argument list. (Layers
159 take care of transforming data between external and internal
160 representations.) Perl stopped parsing the layer list at this
161 point and did not attempt to push this layer. If your program
162 didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the
163 result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO.
164 Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s()
166 (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in
167 some spots. This is now heavily deprecated.
168 assertion botched: %s
170 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal
171 failure.
172 Assertion failed: file "%s"
174 (P) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be
175 examined.
176 Assignment to both a list and a scalar
178 (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd
179 arguments must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise
180 Perl won't know which context to supply to the right side.
181 A thread exited while %d threads were running
183 (W threads)(S) When using threaded Perl, a thread (not necessarily
184 the main thread) exited while there were still other threads
185 running. Usually it's a good idea to first collect the return
186 values of the created threads by joining them, and only then exit
187 from the main thread. See threads.
188 Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash
190 (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not
191 in the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash.
192 Attempt to bless into a reference
194 (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to
195 be the name of the package to bless the resulting object into.
196 You've supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote
197 bless $self, $proto;
199 when you intended
201 bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto;
203 If you actually want to bless into the stringified version of the
205 reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for example
206 by:
207 bless $self, "$proto";
209 Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash
211 (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a
212 key which is not in its key set.
213 Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash
215 (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been
216 declared readonly from a restricted hash.
217 Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%lx
219 (P internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from
220 arenas that will be garbage collected on exit. An SV was
221 discovered to be outside any of those arenas.
222 Attempt to free nonexistent shared string
224 (P internal) Perl maintains a reference counted internal table of
225 strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other
226 strings. This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference
227 count of a string that can no longer be found in the table.
228 Attempt to free temp prematurely
230 (W debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the
231 free_tmps() routine. This indicates that something else is freeing
232 the SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means
233 that the free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar
234 when it does try to free it.
235 Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers
237 (P internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases.
238 Attempt to free unreferenced scalar
240 (W internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar
241 to see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone
242 to 0 earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was
243 freed. This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many
244 times, or that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the
245 SV was mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has
246 been corrupted.
247 Attempt to join self
249 (F) You tried to join a thread from within itself, which is an
250 impossible task. You may be joining the wrong thread, or you may
251 need to move the join() to some other thread.
252 Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value
254 (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a
255 function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template.
256 This means the result contains a pointer to a location that could
257 become invalid anytime, even before the end of the current
258 statement. Use literals or global values as arguments to the "p"
259 pack() template to avoid this warning.
260 Attempt to reload %s aborted.
262 (F) You tried to load a file with "use" or "require" that failed to
263 compile once already. Perl will not try to compile this file again
264 unless you delete its entry from %INC. See "require" in perlfunc
265 and "%INC" in perlvar.
266 Attempt to set length of freed array
268 (W) You tried to set the length of an array which has been freed.
269 You can do this by storing a reference to the scalar representing
270 the last index of an array and later assigning through that
271 reference. For example
272 $r = do {my @a; \$#a};
274 $$r = 503
275 Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr
277 (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to
278 substr() used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you
279 forgot to dereference it first. See "substr" in perlfunc.
280 Attribute "locked" is deprecated
282 (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragam to modify the
283 "locked" attribute on a code reference. The :locked attribute is
284 obsolete, has had no effect since 5005 threads were removed, and
285 will be removed in the next major release of Perl 5.
286 Attribute "unique" is deprecated
288 (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragam to modify the
289 "unique" attribute on an array, hash or scalar reference. The
290 :unique attribute has had no effect since Perl 5.8.8, and will be
291 removed in the next major release of Perl 5.
292 Bad arg length for %s, is %d, should be %d
294 (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(),
295 semctl() or shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are,
296 respectively, sizeof(struct msqid_ds *), sizeof(struct semid_ds *),
297 and sizeof(struct shmid_ds *).
298 Bad evalled substitution pattern
300 (F) You've used the "/e" switch to evaluate the replacement for a
301 substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to
302 evaluate, most likely an unexpected right brace '}'.
303 Bad filehandle: %s
305 (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the
306 symbol has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do
307 an open(), or did it in another package.
308 Bad free() ignored
310 (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had
311 never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be
312 disabled by setting environment variable "PERL_BADFREE" to 0.
313 This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with
315 "hard" dynamic linking, like "AIX" and "OS/2". It is a bug of
316 "Berkeley DB" which is left unnoticed if "DB" uses forgiving system
317 malloc().
318 Bad hash
320 (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer.
321 Badly placed ()'s
323 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
324 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
325 yourself.
326 Bad name after %s::
328 (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and
329 then didn't finish the symbol. In particular, you can't
330 interpolate outside of quotes, so
331 $var = 'myvar';
333 $sym = mypack::$var;
334 is not the same as
336 $var = 'myvar';
338 $sym = "mypack::$var";
339 Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s'
341 (F) An extension using the keyword plugin mechanism violated the
342 plugin API.
343 Bad realloc() ignored
345 (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that
346 had never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be
347 disabled by setting environment variable "PERL_BADFREE" to 1.
348 Bad symbol for array
350 (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something
351 that wasn't a symbol table entry.
352 Bad symbol for dirhandle
354 (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something
355 that wasn't a symbol table entry.
356 Bad symbol for filehandle
358 (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to
359 something that wasn't a symbol table entry.
360 Bad symbol for hash
362 (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that
363 wasn't a symbol table entry.
364 Bareword found in conditional
366 (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a
367 conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as
368 part of the last argument of the previous construct, for example:
369 open FOO || die;
371 It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been
373 interpreted as a bareword:
374 use constant TYPO => 1;
376 if (TYOP) { print "foo" }
377 The "strict" pragma is useful in avoiding such errors.
379 Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use
381 (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a
382 subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>"
383 symbol. Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine?
384 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package
386 (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form "Foo::", but
387 the compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point.
388 Perhaps you need to predeclare a package?
389 BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
391 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN
392 subroutine. Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is
393 exited.
394 BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted
396 (F) Perl found a "BEGIN {}" subroutine (or a "use" directive, which
397 implies a "BEGIN {}") after one or more compilation errors had
398 already occurred. Since the intended environment for the "BEGIN
399 {}" could not be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since
400 subsequent code likely depends on its correct operation, Perl just
401 gave up.
402 \1 better written as $1
404 (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as
405 variables. The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-
406 hand side of a substitution, but stylistically it's better to use
407 the variable form because other Perl programmers will expect it,
408 and it works better if there are more than 9 backreferences.
409 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable
411 (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1
412 (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See
413 perlport for more on portability concerns.
414 bind() on closed socket %s
416 (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you
417 forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See "bind"
418 in perlfunc.
419 binmode() on closed filehandle %s
421 (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never
422 opened. Check you control flow and number of arguments.
423 Bit vector size > 32 non-portable
425 (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable.
426 Bizarre copy of %s in %s
428 (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not
429 copyable.
430 Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s
432 (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. While Perl was preparing
433 to iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol
434 definition which was too long, so it was truncated to the string
435 shown.
436 Callback called exit
438 (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv()
439 exited by calling exit.
440 %s() called too early to check prototype
442 (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before
443 the parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could
444 not check that the call conforms to the prototype. You need to
445 either add an early prototype declaration for the subroutine in
446 question, or move the subroutine definition ahead of the call to
447 get proper prototype checking. Alternatively, if you are certain
448 that you're calling the function correctly, you may put an
449 ampersand before the name to avoid the warning. See perlsub.
450 Cannot compress integer in pack
452 (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress. The
453 BER compressed integer format can only be used with positive
454 integers, and you attempted to compress Infinity or a very large
455 number (> 1e308). See "pack" in perlfunc.
456 Cannot compress negative numbers in pack
458 (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative. The BER compressed
459 integer format can only be used with positive integers. See "pack"
460 in perlfunc.
461 Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob
463 (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a
464 reference in it, then tried to access that symbol via conventional
465 Perl syntax. The access triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob,
466 but it there is no legal conversion from that type of reference to
467 a typeglob.
468 Cannot copy to %s in %s
470 (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type
471 that cannot be directly assigned not.
472 Cannot find encoding "%s"
474 (S io) You tried to apply an encoding that did not exist to a
475 filehandle, either with open() or binmode().
476 Can only compress unsigned integers in pack
478 (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer. The BER
479 compressed integer format can only be used with positive integers,
480 and you attempted to compress something else. See "pack" in
481 perlfunc.
482 Can't bless non-reference value
484 (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl
485 "enforces" encapsulation of objects. See perlobj.
486 Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer
488 (F) You called "break", but you're in a "foreach" block rather than
489 a "given" block. You probably meant to use "next" or "last".
490 Can't "break" outside a given block
492 (F) You called "break", but you're not inside a "given" block.
493 Can't call method "%s" in empty package "%s"
495 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a
496 package functioning as a class, but that package doesn't have
497 ANYTHING defined in it, let alone methods. See perlobj.
498 Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value
500 (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by
501 the object reference or package name contains an undefined value.
502 Something like this will reproduce the error:
503 $BADREF = undef;
505 process $BADREF 1,2,3;
506 $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
507 Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference
509 (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run.
510 It ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply,
511 but you didn't supply an object reference in this case. A
512 reference isn't an object reference until it has been blessed. See
513 perlobj.
514 Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference
516 (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by
517 the object reference or package name contains an expression that
518 returns a defined value which is neither an object reference nor a
519 package name. Something like this will reproduce the error:
520 $BADREF = 42;
522 process $BADREF 1,2,3;
523 $BADREF->process(1,2,3);
524 Can't chdir to %s
526 (F) You called "perl -x/foo/bar", but "/foo/bar" is not a directory
527 that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist.
528 Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid
530 (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script
531 for nosuid.
532 Can't coerce array into hash
534 (F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has
535 no information on how to map from keys to array indices. You can
536 do that only with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0.
537 Can't coerce %s to integer in %s
539 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
540 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you
541 can't say things like:
542 *foo += 1;
544 You CAN say
546 $foo = *foo;
548 $foo += 1;
549 but then $foo no longer contains a glob.
551 Can't coerce %s to number in %s
553 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
554 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
555 Can't coerce %s to string in %s
557 (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries
558 (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.
559 Can't "continue" outside a when block
561 (F) You called "continue", but you're not inside a "when" or
562 "default" block.
563 Can't create pipe mailbox
565 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from
566 exhausted quotas or other plumbing problems.
567 Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s"
569 (F) Currently, only scalar variables can be declared with a
570 specific class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" declaration.
571 The semantics may be extended for other types of variables in
572 future.
573 Can't declare %s in "%s"
575 (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my",
576 "our" or "state" variables. They must have ordinary identifiers as
577 names.
578 Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file
580 (S inplace) You tried to use the -i switch on a special file, such
581 as a file in /dev, or a FIFO. The file was ignored.
582 Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s
584 (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated
585 reason.
586 Can't do inplace edit without backup
588 (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try
589 reading from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say
590 "-i.bak", or some such.
591 Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique
593 (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than
594 14 characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename
595 during inplace editing with the -i switch. The file was ignored.
596 Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
598 (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want
599 your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The <-- HERE
600 shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
601 discovered. See perlre.
602 Can't do waitpid with flags
604 (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only
605 waitpid() without flags is emulated.
606 Can't emulate -%s on #! line
608 (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this
609 point. For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a -x on the #!
610 line.
611 Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform
613 (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-
614 endian, or it has a very strange pointer size. Packing and
615 unpacking big- or little-endian floating point values and pointers
616 may not be possible. See "pack" in perlfunc.
617 Can't exec "%s": %s
619 (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute
620 the named program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons
621 include: the permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't
622 found in $ENV{PATH}, the executable in question was compiled for
623 another architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an
624 interpreter that can't be run for similar reasons. (Or maybe your
625 system doesn't support #! at all.)
626 Can't exec %s
628 (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you
629 because that's what the #! line said. If that's not what you
630 wanted, you may need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere.
631 Can't execute %s
633 (F) You used the -S switch, but the copies of the script to execute
634 found in the PATH did not have correct permissions.
635 Can't find an opnumber for "%s"
637 (F) A string of a form "CORE::word" was given to prototype(), but
638 there is no builtin with the name "word".
639 Can't find %s character property "%s"
641 (F) You used "\p{}" or "\P{}" but the character property by that
642 name could not be found. Maybe you misspelled the name of the
643 property? See "Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}" in
644 perluniprops for a complete list of available properties.
645 Can't find label %s
647 (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that
648 it's possible for us to go to. See "goto" in perlfunc.
649 Can't find %s on PATH
651 (F) You used the -S switch, but the script to execute could not be
652 found in the PATH.
653 Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH
655 (F) You used the -S switch, but the script to execute could not be
656 found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions.
657 The script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits
658 running it.
659 Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF
661 (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message
662 means that the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed
663 quotes count nesting levels, the following is missing its final
664 parenthesis:
665 print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.);
667 If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have
669 included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag. A good
670 programmer's editor will have a way to help you find these
671 characters.
672 Can't find Unicode property definition "%s"
674 (F) You may have tried to use "\p" which means a Unicode property
675 (for example "\p{Lu}" matches all uppercase letters). If you did
676 mean to use a Unicode property, see "Properties accessible through
677 \p{} and \P{}" in perluniprops for a complete list of available
678 properties. If you didn't mean to use a Unicode property, escape
679 the "\p", either by "\\p" (just the "\p") or by "\Q\p" (the rest of
680 the string, until possible "\E").
681 Can't fork: %s
683 (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a
684 pipeline.
685 Can't fork, trying again in 5 seconds
687 (W pipe) A fork in a piped open failed with EAGAIN and will be
688 retried after five seconds.
689 Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer?
691 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the
692 difference between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model
693 Perl assumes. Under VMS, access checks are done by filename,
694 rather than by bits in the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other
695 protections can be taken into account. Unfortunately, Perl assumes
696 that the stat buffer contains all the necessary information, and
697 passes it, instead of the filespec, to the access checking routine.
698 It will try to retrieve the filespec using the device name and FID
699 present in the stat buffer, but this works only if you haven't made
700 a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine, because the device
701 name is overwritten with each call. If this warning appears, the
702 name lookup failed, and the access checking routine gave up and
703 returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access
704 checking routine knows about the Perl "stat" operator and file
705 tests, so you shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl
706 command; it arises only if some internal code takes stat buffers
707 lightly.)
708 Can't get pipe mailbox device name
710 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a
711 pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use.
712 Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF
714 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want
715 your mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer.
716 Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop
718 (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a
719 foreach loop. You can't get there from here. See "goto" in
720 perlfunc.
721 Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block
723 (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look
724 like a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually
725 occurs if you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine,
726 which is a no-no. See "goto" in perlfunc.
727 Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback)
729 (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the
730 comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such as
731 the reduce() function in List::Util).
732 Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s
734 (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval
735 "string" or block.
736 Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine
738 (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one
739 subroutine call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole
740 cloth. In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD
741 routine anyway. See "goto" in perlfunc.
742 Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default
744 (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD
745 signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled. Since disabling this
746 signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of
747 child processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value.
748 This situation typically indicates that the parent program under
749 which Perl may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless.
750 Can't kill a non-numeric process ID
752 (F) Process identifiers must be (signed) integers. It is a fatal
753 error to attempt to kill() an undefined, empty-string or otherwise
754 non-numeric process identifier.
755 Can't "last" outside a loop block
757 (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current
758 block, except that there's this itty bitty problem called there
759 isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't
760 count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(),
761 map() or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the
762 same effect though, because the inner curlies will be considered a
763 block that loops once. See "last" in perlfunc.
764 Can't linearize anonymous symbol table
766 (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a
767 package, but failed because the package stash has no name.
768 Can't load '%s' for module %s
770 (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic
771 extension. This may either mean that you upgraded your version of
772 perl to one that is incompatible with your old dynamic extensions
773 (which is known to happen between major versions of perl), or (more
774 likely) that your dynamic extension was built against an older
775 version of the library that is installed on your system. You may
776 need to rebuild your old dynamic extensions.
777 Can't localize lexical variable %s
779 (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared
780 as a lexical variable using "my" or "state". This is not allowed.
781 If you want to localize a package variable of the same name,
782 qualify it with the package name.
783 Can't localize through a reference
785 (F) You said something like "local $$ref", which Perl can't
786 currently handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of
787 whatever $ref pointed to after the scope of the local() is
788 finished, it can't be sure that $ref will still be a reference.
789 Can't locate %s
791 (F) You said to "do" (or "require", or "use") a file that couldn't
792 be found. Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in
793 @INC, unless the file name included the full path to the file.
794 Perhaps you need to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment
795 variable to say where the extra library is, or maybe the script
796 needs to add the library name to @INC. Or maybe you just
797 misspelled the name of the file. See "require" in perlfunc and
798 lib.
799 Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC
801 (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows
802 autoload, but there is no function to autoload. Most probable
803 causes are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to
804 "AutoSplit" the file, say, by doing "make install".
805 Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC
807 (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library,
808 like for example, "foo.so" or "bar.dll", but the DynaLoader module
809 was unable to locate this library. See DynaLoader.
810 Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s"
812 (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a
813 package functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define
814 that particular method, nor does any of its base classes. See
815 perlobj.
816 Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA
818 (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package
819 that doesn't seem to exist.
820 Can't locate PerlIO%s
822 (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist,
823 e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile").
824 Can't make list assignment to \%ENV on this system
826 (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems,
827 notably VMS.
828 Can't modify %s in %s
830 (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or
831 otherwise try to change it, such as with an auto-increment.
832 Can't modify nonexistent substring
834 (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was
835 handed a NULL.
836 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call
838 (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be
839 declared as such, see "Lvalue subroutines" in perlsub.
840 Can't msgrcv to read-only var
842 (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a
843 receive buffer.
844 Can't "next" outside a loop block
846 (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block,
847 but there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block
848 doesn't count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to
849 sort(), map() or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get
850 the same effect though, because the inner curlies will be
851 considered a block that loops once. See "next" in perlfunc.
852 Can't open %s: %s
854 (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the "<>"
855 filehandle, either implicitly under the "-n" or "-p" command-line
856 switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually
857 this is because you don't have read permission for a file which you
858 named on the command line.
859 Can't open a reference
861 (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing,
862 using the 3-arg open() syntax :
863 open FH, '>', $ref;
865 but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form
867 of open is not supported.
868 Can't open bidirectional pipe
870 (W pipe) You tried to say "open(CMD, "|cmd|")", which is not
871 supported. You can try any of several modules in the Perl library
872 to do this, such as IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's
873 output to a file using ">", and then read it in under a different
874 file handle.
875 Can't open error file %s as stderr
877 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
878 redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or
879 '2>>' on the command line for writing.
880 Can't open input file %s as stdin
882 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
883 redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the
884 command line for reading.
885 Can't open output file %s as stdout
887 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
888 redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>'
889 on the command line for writing.
890 Can't open output pipe (name: %s)
892 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line
893 redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data
894 destined for stdout.
895 Can't open perl script%s
897 (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated
898 reason.
899 If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on
901 the shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that
902 search, so you don't have to type the path or "`which
903 $scriptname`".
904 Can't read CRTL environ
906 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read an element of
907 %ENV from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the
908 array was missing. You need to figure out where your CRTL
909 misplaced its environ or define PERL_ENV_TABLES (see perlvms) so
910 that environ is not searched.
911 Can't "redo" outside a loop block
913 (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block,
914 but there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block
915 doesn't count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to
916 sort(), map() or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get
917 the same effect though, because the inner curlies will be
918 considered a block that loops once. See "redo" in perlfunc.
919 Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file
921 (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup
922 file. Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it
923 with the modified file. The file was left unmodified.
924 Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file
926 (S inplace) The rename done by the -i switch failed for some
927 reason, probably because you don't have write permission to the
928 directory.
929 Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode
931 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and
932 tried to reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed.
933 Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s"
935 (F|P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as
936 opposed to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the
937 package. If method name is "???", this is an internal error.
938 Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine
940 (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as
941 temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue.
942 This is not allowed.
943 Can't return outside a subroutine
945 (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is,
946 where there was no subroutine call to return out of. See perlsub.
947 Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context
949 (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue
950 subroutine, but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl
951 think you meant to return only one value. You probably meant to
952 write parentheses around the call to the subroutine, which tell
953 Perl that the call should be in list context.
954 Can't stat script "%s"
956 (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you
957 have it open already. Bizarre.
958 Can't take log of %g
960 (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a
961 negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes
962 standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the
963 negative numbers.
964 Can't take sqrt of %g
966 (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a
967 negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes
968 standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that.
969 Can't undef active subroutine
971 (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You
972 can, however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even
973 undef the redefined subroutine while the old routine is running.
974 Go figure.
975 Can't unshift
977 (F) You tried to unshift an "unreal" array that can't be unshifted,
978 such as the main Perl stack.
979 Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
981 (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making
982 it into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types
983 are so specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted.
984 This message indicates that such a conversion was attempted.
985 Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup
987 (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a
988 symbol table that doesn't have a name. Symbol tables can become
989 anonymous for example by undefining stashes: "undef
990 %Some::Package::".
991 Can't use an undefined value as %s reference
993 (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference
994 must be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious
995 errors.
996 Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
998 (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic
999 references are disallowed. See perlref.
1000 Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available
1002 (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads
1003 the Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %!
1004 hash to provide symbolic names for $! errno values.
1005 Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s
1007 (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-
1008 endian byte-order at the same time, so this combination of
1009 modifiers is not allowed. See "pack" in perlfunc.
1010 Can't use %s for loop variable
1012 (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on
1013 a foreach.
1014 Can't use global %s in "%s"
1016 (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable.
1017 This is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one
1018 location (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly
1019 confusing to have variables in your program that looked like
1020 magical variables but weren't.
1021 Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s
1023 (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type that is
1024 already inside a group with a byte-order modifier. For example you
1025 cannot force little-endianness on a type that is inside a big-
1026 endian group.
1027 Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison
1029 (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort
1030 comparisons. You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or
1031 cmp operator, and the variable had earlier been declared as a
1032 lexical variable. Either qualify the sort variable with the
1033 package name, or rename the lexical variable.
1034 Can't use %s ref as %s ref
1036 (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference
1037 a reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to
1038 test the type of the reference, if need be.
1039 Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use
1041 (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic
1042 references are disallowed. See perlref.
1043 Can't use subscript on %s
1045 (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a
1046 subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that
1047 didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else
1048 subscriptable.
1049 Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression
1051 (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator
1052 that creates a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to
1053 indicate a backreference to a matched substring is valid only as
1054 part of a regular expression pattern. Trying to do this in
1055 ordinary Perl code produces a value that prints out looking like
1056 SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form instead.
1057 Can't use "when" outside a topicalizer
1059 (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a "foreach"
1060 loop nor a "given" block. (Note that this error is issued on exit
1061 from the "when" block, so you won't get the error if the match
1062 fails, or if you use an explicit "continue".)
1063 Can't weaken a nonreference
1065 (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference.
1066 Only references can be weakened.
1067 Can't x= to read-only value
1069 (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined
1070 value) with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the
1071 value itself. Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary,
1072 and repeat that.
1073 Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack
1075 (W pack) You said
1076 pack("C", $x)
1078 where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the "C" format is
1080 only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII,
1081 EBCDIC, and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved
1082 as if you meant
1083 pack("C", $x & 255)
1085 If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the "U" format
1087 instead.
1088 Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack
1090 (W pack) You said
1091 pack("U0W", $x)
1093 where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, "U0"-mode
1095 expects all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl
1096 behaved as if you meant:
1097 pack("U0W", $x & 255)
1099 Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack
1101 (W pack) You said
1102 pack("c", $x)
1104 where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the "c" format
1106 is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII,
1107 EBCDIC, and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved
1108 as if you meant
1109 pack("c", $x & 255);
1111 If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the "U" format
1113 instead.
1114 Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack
1116 (W unpack) You tried something like
1117 unpack("H", "\x{2a1}")
1119 where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a
1121 value below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl
1122 uses the value modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided:
1123 unpack("H", "\x{a1}")
1125 Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack
1127 (W pack) You tried something like
1128 pack("u", "\x{1f3}b")
1130 where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character
1132 with a value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher
1133 value. Perl uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if
1134 you had provided:
1135 pack("u", "\x{f3}b")
1137 Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack
1139 (W unpack) You tried something like
1140 unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b")
1142 where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character
1144 with a value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher
1145 value. Perl uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if
1146 you had provided:
1147 unpack("s", "\x{f3}b")
1149 close() on unopened filehandle %s
1151 (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened.
1152 closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
1154 (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not
1155 really a dirhandle. Check your control flow.
1156 Code missing after '/'
1158 (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be
1159 another template code following the slash. See "pack" in perlfunc.
1160 %s: Command not found
1162 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
1163 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
1164 yourself.
1165 Compilation failed in require
1167 (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a "require"
1168 statement. Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors
1169 that it encountered were severe enough to halt compilation
1170 immediately.
1171 Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded
1173 (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex
1174 situations where back-tracking is required. Recursion depth is
1175 limited to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack
1176 cannot grow arbitrarily. ("Simple" and "medium" situations are
1177 handled without recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try
1178 shortening the string under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g.
1179 with "while") rather than in the regular expression engine; or
1180 rewriting the regular expression so that it is simpler or
1181 backtracks less. (See perlfaq2 for information on Mastering
1182 Regular Expressions.)
1183 cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable
1185 (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call
1186 cond_broadcast() on a variable which wasn't locked. The
1187 cond_broadcast() function is used to wake up another thread that
1188 is waiting in a cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent
1189 before the other thread has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual
1190 for the signaling thread to first wait for a lock on variable. This
1191 lock attempt will only succeed after the other thread has entered
1192 cond_wait() and thus relinquished the lock.
1193 cond_signal() called on unlocked variable
1195 (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to call
1196 cond_signal() on a variable which wasn't locked. The cond_signal()
1197 function is used to wake up another thread that is waiting in a
1198 cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't sent before the other
1199 thread has a chance to enter the wait, it is usual for the
1200 signaling thread to first wait for a lock on variable. This lock
1201 attempt will only succeed after the other thread has entered
1202 cond_wait() and thus relinquished the lock.
1203 connect() on closed socket %s
1205 (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you
1206 forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See
1207 "connect" in perlfunc.
1208 Constant(%s)%s: %s
1210 (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting to
1211 define an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the character
1212 name specified in the "\N{...}" escape. Perhaps you forgot to load
1213 the corresponding "overload" or "charnames" pragma? See charnames
1214 and overload.
1215 Constant(%s)%s: %s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1217 (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to find the
1218 character name specified in the "\N{...}" escape. Perhaps you
1219 forgot to load the corresponding "charnames" pragma? See
1220 charnames.
1221 Constant is not %s reference
1223 (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the "use constant"
1224 pragma) is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of
1225 reference. The message indicates the type of reference that was
1226 expected. This usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing
1227 the constant value. See "Constant Functions" in perlsub and
1228 constant.
1229 Constant subroutine %s redefined
1231 (S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible
1232 for inlining. See "Constant Functions" in perlsub for commentary
1233 and workarounds.
1234 Constant subroutine %s undefined
1236 (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been
1237 eligible for inlining. See "Constant Functions" in perlsub for
1238 commentary and workarounds.
1239 Copy method did not return a reference
1241 (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See "Copy Constructor"
1242 in overload.
1243 CORE::%s is not a keyword
1245 (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords.
1246 corrupted regexp pointers
1248 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
1249 expression compiler gave it.
1250 corrupted regexp program
1252 (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program
1253 without a valid magic number.
1254 Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%lx at 0x%lx
1256 (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal
1257 failure.
1258 Count after length/code in unpack
1260 (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string,
1261 but you have also specified an explicit size for the string. See
1262 "pack" in perlfunc.
1263 Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"
1265 (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or
1266 indirectly) 100 times more than it has returned. This probably
1267 indicates an infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange
1268 benchmark programs, in which case it indicates something else.
1269 This threshold can be changed from 100, by recompiling the perl
1271 binary, setting the C pre-processor macro "PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN" to
1272 the desired value.
1273 defined(@array) is deprecated
1275 (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on arrays because it
1276 checks for an undefined scalar value. If you want to see if the
1277 array is empty, just use "if (@array) { # not empty }" for example.
1278 defined(%hash) is deprecated
1280 (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on hashes because it
1281 checks for an undefined scalar value. If you want to see if the
1282 hash is empty, just use "if (%hash) { # not empty }" for example.
1283 %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed
1285 (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file
1286 there are neither package declarations nor a $VERSION.
1287 Delimiter for here document is too long
1289 (F) In a here document construct like "<<FOO", the label "FOO" is
1290 too long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously twisted to
1291 write code that triggers this error.
1292 Deprecated character(s) in \\N{...} starting at '%s'
1294 (D deprecated) Just about anything is legal for the "..." in
1295 "\N{...}". But starting in 5.12, non-reasonable ones that don't
1296 look like names are deprecated. A reasonable name begins with an
1297 alphabetic character and continues with any combination of
1298 alphanumerics, dashes, spaces, parentheses or colons.
1299 Deprecated use of my() in false conditional
1301 (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to "my $x if 0".
1302 There has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical
1303 variable not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration
1304 includes a false conditional. Some people have exploited this bug
1305 to achieve a kind of static variable. Since we intend to fix this
1306 bug, we don't want people relying on this behavior. You can achieve
1307 a similar static effect by declaring the variable in a separate
1308 block outside the function, eg
1309 sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ }
1311 becomes
1313 { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } }
1315 Beginning with perl 5.9.4, you can also use "state" variables to
1317 have lexicals that are initialized only once (see feature):
1318 sub f { state $x; return $x++ }
1320 DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s'
1322 (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which
1323 is just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort
1324 rather than to create a dangling reference.
1325 Did not produce a valid header
1327 See Server error.
1328 %s did not return a true value
1330 (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate
1331 that it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code
1332 correctly. It's traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though
1333 any true value would do. See "require" in perlfunc.
1334 (Did you mean &%s instead?)
1336 (W) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or
1337 some such.
1338 (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?)
1340 (W misc) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global
1341 variable. You have declared it again in the same lexical scope,
1342 which seems superfluous.
1343 (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?)
1345 (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or
1346 @hash{@keys}. On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and
1347 got carried away.
1348 Died
1350 (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of "die """)
1351 or you called it with no args and both $@ and $_ were empty.
1352 Document contains no data
1354 See Server error.
1355 %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed
1357 (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not
1358 define a "$VERSION."
1359 '/' does not take a repeat count
1361 (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/'
1362 code. See "pack" in perlfunc.
1363 Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s'
1365 (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed.
1366 do_study: out of memory
1368 (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead.
1369 (Do you need to predeclare %s?)
1371 (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the
1372 message "%s found where operator expected". It often means a
1373 subroutine or module name is being referenced that hasn't been
1374 declared yet. This may be because of ordering problems in your
1375 file, or because of a missing "sub", "package", "require", or "use"
1376 statement. If you're referencing something that isn't defined yet,
1377 you don't actually have to define the subroutine or package before
1378 the current location. You can use an empty "sub foo;" or "package
1379 FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration.
1380 dump() better written as CORE::dump()
1382 (W misc) You used the obsolescent "dump()" built-in function,
1383 without fully qualifying it as "CORE::dump()". Maybe it's a typo.
1384 See "dump" in perlfunc.
1385 dump is not supported
1387 (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.
1388 Duplicate free() ignored
1390 (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had
1391 already been freed.
1392 Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s
1394 (W) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a type
1395 in a pack template. See "pack" in perlfunc.
1396 elseif should be elsif
1398 (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry
1399 thinks it's ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to
1400 call a method named "elseif" for the class returned by the
1401 following block. This is unlikely to be what you want.
1402 Empty %s
1404 (F) "\p" and "\P" are used to introduce a named Unicode property,
1405 as described in perlunicode and perlre. You used "\p" or "\P" in a
1406 regular expression without specifying the property name.
1407 entering effective %s failed
1409 (F) While under the "use filetest" pragma, switching the real and
1410 effective uids or gids failed.
1411 %ENV is aliased to %s
1413 (F) You're running under taint mode, and the %ENV variable has been
1414 aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of
1415 the program's environment. This is potentially insecure.
1416 Error converting file specification %s
1418 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with
1419 file specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them
1420 to a single form when it must operate on them directly. Either
1421 you've passed an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've
1422 found a case the conversion routines don't handle. Drat.
1423 %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression
1425 (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular
1426 expression that contains the "(?{ ... })" zero-width assertion,
1427 which is unsafe. See "(?{ code })" in perlre, and perlsec.
1428 %s: Eval-group not allowed at runtime, use re 'eval'
1430 (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the "(?{
1431 ... })" zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the
1432 pattern contains interpolated values. Since that is a security
1433 risk, it is not allowed. If you insist, you may still do this by
1434 explicitly building the pattern from an interpolated string at run
1435 time and using that in an eval(). See "(?{ code })" in perlre.
1436 %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval'
1438 (F) A regular expression contained the "(?{ ... })" zero-width
1439 assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the "use re
1440 'eval'" pragma is in effect. See "(?{ code })" in perlre.
1441 EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
1443 m/%s/
1444 (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without
1445 consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is
1446 consumed.
1447 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
1449 problem was discovered.
1450 Excessively long <> operator
1452 (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size
1453 of a Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of
1454 filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into
1455 a variable and glob that.
1456 exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system
1458 (F) The "exec" function is not implemented in MacPerl. See
1459 perlport.
1460 Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.
1462 (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails.
1463 Exiting eval via %s
1465 (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such
1466 as a goto, or a loop control statement.
1467 Exiting format via %s
1469 (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such
1470 as a goto, or a loop control statement.
1471 Exiting pseudo-block via %s
1473 (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like
1474 a sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a
1475 goto, or a loop control statement. See "sort" in perlfunc.
1476 Exiting subroutine via %s
1478 (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means,
1479 such as a goto, or a loop control statement.
1480 Exiting substitution via %s
1482 (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means,
1483 such as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement.
1484 Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)
1486 (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string.
1487 This has the effect of blessing the reference into the package
1488 main. This is usually not what you want. Consider providing a
1489 default target package, e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage');
1490 %s: Expression syntax
1492 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
1493 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
1494 yourself.
1495 %s failed--call queue aborted
1497 (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK,
1498 CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the
1499 queue of such routines has been prematurely ended.
1500 False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1502 (W regexp) A character class range must start and end at a literal
1503 character, not another character class like "\d" or "[:alpha:]".
1504 The "-" in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-".
1505 Consider quoting the "-", "\-". The <-- HERE shows in the regular
1506 expression about where the problem was discovered. See perlre.
1507 Fatal VMS error at %s, line %d
1509 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS
1510 system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide
1511 more details. The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line
1512 %d" tell you which section of the Perl source code is distressed.
1513 fcntl is not implemented
1515 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is
1516 this, a PDP-11 or something?
1517 FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
1519 (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements,
1520 which is not possible.
1521 Field too wide in 'u' format in pack
1523 (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string start with a length
1524 indicator which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point
1525 in asking for a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as
1526 if you specified "u63" as format.
1527 Filehandle %s opened only for input
1529 (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you
1530 intended it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it
1531 with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing. If you
1532 intended only to write the file, use ">" or ">>". See "open" in
1533 perlfunc.
1534 Filehandle %s opened only for output
1536 (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing,
1537 If you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to
1538 open it with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing.
1539 If you intended only to read from the file, use "<". See "open" in
1540 perlfunc. Another possibility is that you attempted to open
1541 filedescriptor 0 (also known as STDIN) for output (maybe you closed
1542 STDIN earlier?).
1543 Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input
1545 (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same
1546 filehandle id as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed
1547 STDOUT or STDERR previously.
1548 Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output
1550 (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same
1551 filehandle id as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN
1552 previously.
1553 Final $ should be \$ or $name
1555 (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant
1556 to be a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable
1557 name that happens to be missing. So you have to put either the
1558 backslash or the name.
1559 flock() on closed filehandle %s
1561 (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself
1562 closed some time before now. Check your control flow. flock()
1563 operates on filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a
1564 dirhandle by the same name?
1565 Format not terminated
1567 (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot.
1568 Perl got to the end of your file without finding such a line.
1569 Format %s redefined
1571 (W redefine) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say
1572 {
1574 no warnings 'redefine';
1575 eval "format NAME =...";
1576 }
1577 Found = in conditional, should be ==
1579 (W syntax) You said
1580 if ($foo = 123)
1582 when you meant
1584 if ($foo == 123)
1586 (or something like that).
1588 %s found where operator expected
1590 (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an
1591 operator. If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was
1592 expecting to see an operator, it gives you this warning. Usually
1593 it indicates that an operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a
1594 semicolon.
1595 gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s"
1597 (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed.
1598 gethostent not implemented
1600 (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(),
1601 probably because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return
1602 every hostname on the Internet.
1603 get%sname() on closed socket %s
1605 (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a
1606 closed socket. Did you forget to check the return value of your
1607 socket() call?
1608 getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s"
1610 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to "sys$getuai" underlying
1611 the "getpwnam" operator returned an invalid UIC.
1612 getsockopt() on closed socket %s
1614 (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket.
1615 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
1616 See "getsockopt" in perlfunc.
1617 Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name
1619 (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates
1620 that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or
1621 "state"), declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified
1622 to say which package the global variable is in (using "::").
1623 glob failed (%s)
1625 (W glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used for
1626 "glob" and "<*.c>". Usually, this means that you supplied a "glob"
1627 pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a
1628 nonzero status. If the message indicates that the abnormal exit
1629 resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell)
1630 is broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related
1631 variables in config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer
1632 to it as if it were csh (e.g. "full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'");
1633 otherwise, make them all empty (except that "d_csh" should be
1634 'undef') so that Perl will think csh is missing. In either case,
1635 after editing config.sh, run "./Configure -S" and rebuild Perl.
1636 Glob not terminated
1638 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was
1639 expecting a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle
1640 bracket, and not finding it. Chances are you left some needed
1641 parentheses out earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less
1642 than".
1643 gmtime(%.0f) too large
1645 (W overflow) You called "gmtime" with an number that was larger
1646 than it can reliably handle and "gmtime" probably returned the
1647 wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special
1648 not-a-number value).
1649 gmtime(%.0f) too small
1651 (W overflow) You called "gmtime" with an number that was smaller
1652 than it can reliably handle and "gmtime" probably returned the
1653 wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special
1654 not-a-number value).
1655 Got an error from DosAllocMem
1657 (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an
1658 obsolete version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway.
1659 goto must have label
1661 (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an
1662 unspecified destination. See "goto" in perlfunc.
1663 ()-group starts with a count
1665 (F) A ()-group started with a count. A count is supposed to follow
1666 something: a template character or a ()-group.
1667 See "pack" in perlfunc.
1668 %s had compilation errors.
1670 (F) The final summary message when a "perl -c" fails.
1671 Had to create %s unexpectedly
1673 (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that
1674 ought to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and
1675 had to be created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump.
1676 Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s()
1678 (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in
1679 some spots. This is now heavily deprecated.
1680 %s has too many errors
1682 (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10
1683 errors. Further error messages would likely be uninformative.
1684 Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable
1686 (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than
1687 2**32-1 (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems.
1688 See perlport for more on portability concerns.
1689 Identifier too long
1691 (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.)
1692 to about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for
1693 compound names (like $A::B). You've exceeded Perl's limits.
1694 Future versions of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary
1695 limitations.
1696 Ignoring zero length \N{} in character class
1698 (W) Named Unicode character escapes (\N{...}) may return a zero
1699 length sequence. When such an escape is used in a character class
1700 its behaviour is not well defined. Check that the correct escape
1701 has been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope.
1702 Illegal binary digit %s
1704 (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number.
1705 Illegal binary digit %s ignored
1707 (W digit) You may have tried to use a digit other than 0 or 1 in a
1708 binary number. Interpretation of the binary number stopped before
1709 the offending digit.
1710 Illegal character %s (carriage return)
1712 (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as it
1713 would any other whitespace, which means you should never see this
1714 error when Perl was built using standard options. For some reason,
1715 your version of Perl appears to have been built without this
1716 support. Talk to your Perl administrator.
1717 Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s
1719 (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype
1720 declaration. Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [,
1721 ], &, and \.
1722 Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine
1724 (F) When using the "sub" keyword to construct an anonymous
1725 subroutine, you must always specify a block of code. See perlsub.
1726 Illegal declaration of subroutine %s
1728 (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See perlsub.
1729 Illegal division by zero
1731 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong
1732 in your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against
1733 meaningless input.
1734 Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored
1736 (W digit) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or
1737 A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the
1738 hexadecimal number stopped before the illegal character.
1739 Illegal modulus zero
1741 (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most
1742 numbers don't take to this kindly.
1743 Illegal number of bits in vec
1745 (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a
1746 power of two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that).
1747 Illegal octal digit %s
1749 (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number.
1750 Illegal octal digit %s ignored
1752 (W digit) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in an octal number.
1753 Interpretation of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9.
1754 Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c
1756 (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the
1757 following switches: -[CDIMUdmtw].
1758 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s"
1760 (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the
1761 CRTL's internal environ array, and encountered an element without
1762 the "=" delimiter used to separate keys from values. The element
1763 is ignored.
1764 Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|
1766 (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read a
1767 logical name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate
1768 over %ENV, and didn't see the expected delimiter between key and
1769 value, so the line was ignored.
1770 (in cleanup) %s
1772 (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method
1773 raised the indicated exception. Since destructors are usually
1774 called by the system at arbitrary points during execution, and
1775 often a vast number of times, the warning is issued only once for
1776 any number of failures that would otherwise result in the same
1777 message being repeated.
1778 Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the "G_KEEPERR" flag
1780 could also result in this warning. See "G_KEEPERR" in perlcall.
1781 Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on
1783 parent '%s'
1784 (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not
1785 C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class. See
1786 the C3 documentation in mro for more information.
1787 In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647
1789 (F) An error peculiar to EBCDIC. Internally, v-strings are stored
1790 as Unicode code points, and encoded in EBCDIC as UTF-EBCDIC. The
1791 UTF-EBCDIC encoding is limited to code points no larger than
1792 2147483647 (0x7FFFFFFF).
1793 Infinite recursion in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1795 (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any
1796 input text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive
1797 patterns either consume text or fail.
1798 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
1800 problem was discovered.
1801 Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden
1803 (F) Currently the implementation of "state" only permits the
1804 initialization of scalar variables in scalar context. Re-write
1805 "state ($a) = 42" as "state $a = 42" to change from list to scalar
1806 context. Constructions such as "state (@a) = foo()" will be
1807 supported in a future perl release.
1808 Insecure dependency in %s
1810 (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't
1811 like. The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running
1812 setuid or setgid, or when you specify -T to turn it on explicitly.
1813 The tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or
1814 indirectly from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your
1815 trust. If any such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you
1816 get this error. See perlsec for more information.
1817 Insecure directory in %s
1819 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
1820 setgid script if $ENV{PATH} contains a directory that is writable
1821 by the world. Also, the PATH must not contain any relative
1822 directory. See perlsec.
1823 Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s
1825 (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or
1826 setgid script if any of $ENV{PATH}, $ENV{IFS}, $ENV{CDPATH},
1827 $ENV{ENV}, $ENV{BASH_ENV} or $ENV{TERM} are derived from data
1828 supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user. The script must
1829 set the path to a known value, using trustworthy data. See
1830 perlsec.
1831 Integer overflow in %s number
1833 (W overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have
1834 specified either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct()
1835 is too big for your architecture, and has been converted to a
1836 floating point number. On a 32-bit architecture the largest
1837 hexadecimal, octal or binary number representable without overflow
1838 is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or 0b11111111111111111111111111111111
1839 respectively. Note that Perl transparently promotes all numbers to
1840 a floating point representation internally--subject to loss of
1841 precision errors in subsequent operations.
1842 Integer overflow in format string for %s
1844 (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of
1845 "printf()" or "sprintf()" are too large. The numbers must not
1846 overflow the size of integers for your architecture.
1847 Integer overflow in version
1849 (F) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for the
1850 size of integers for your architecture. This is not a warning
1851 because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use a
1852 element larger than typically 2**32. This is usually caused by
1853 trying to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like
1854 100/9.
1855 Internal disaster in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1857 (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser.
1858 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
1859 problem was discovered.
1860 Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks
1862 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number of
1863 times you've called "fork" and "exec", to determine whether the
1864 current call to "exec" should affect the current script or a
1865 subprocess (see "exec LIST" in perlvms). Somehow, this count has
1866 become scrambled, so Perl is making a guess and treating this
1867 "exec" as a request to terminate the Perl script and execute the
1868 specified command.
1869 Internal urp in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1871 (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The
1872 <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem
1873 was discovered.
1874 %s (...) interpreted as function
1876 (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list
1877 operator followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all
1878 the list operators arguments found inside the parentheses. See
1879 "Terms and List Operators (Leftward)" in perlop.
1880 Invalid %s attribute: %s
1882 The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not
1883 recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See attributes.
1884 Invalid %s attributes: %s
1886 The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not
1887 recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See attributes.
1888 Invalid conversion in %s: "%s"
1890 (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion.
1891 See "sprintf" in perlfunc.
1892 Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by <-- HERE
1894 in m/%s/
1895 (W regexp) The numeric escape (for example "\xHH") of value < 256
1896 didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion from
1897 the encoding specified by the encoding pragma. The escape was
1898 replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) instead. The <-- HERE
1899 shows in the regular expression about where the escape was
1900 discovered.
1901 Invalid mro name: '%s'
1903 (F) You tried to "mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")" or "use mro
1904 'foo'", where "foo" is not a valid method resolution order (MRO).
1905 (Currently, the only valid ones are "dfs" and "c3"). See mro.
1906 Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
1908 (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum
1909 character greater than the maximum character. One possibility is
1910 that you forgot the "{}" from your ending "\x{}" - "\x" without the
1911 curly braces can go only up to "ff". The <-- HERE shows in the
1912 regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
1913 perlre.
1914 Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator
1916 (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum
1917 character greater than the maximum character. See perlop.
1918 Invalid separator character %s in attribute list
1920 (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the
1921 elements of an attribute list. If the previous attribute had a
1922 parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too
1923 soon. See attributes.
1924 Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s
1926 (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something
1927 other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a
1928 layer list. If the previous attribute had a parenthesised
1929 parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon.
1930 Invalid type '%s' in %s
1932 (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type. See
1933 "pack" in perlfunc. (W) The given character is not a valid pack or
1934 unpack type but used to be silently ignored.
1935 Invalid version format (multiple underscores)
1937 (F) Versions may contain at most a single underscore, which signals
1938 that the version is a beta release. See version for the allowed
1939 version formats.
1940 Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)
1942 (F) Versions may not contain decimals after the optional
1943 underscore. See version for the allowed version formats.
1944 ioctl is not implemented
1946 (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is
1947 pretty strange for a machine that supports C.
1948 ioctl() on unopened %s
1950 (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never
1951 opened. Check you control flow and number of arguments.
1952 IO layers (like '%s') unavailable
1954 (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore
1955 you cannot use IO layers. To have PerlIO Perl must be configured
1956 with 'useperlio'.
1957 IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture
1959 (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality,
1960 neither as a system call or an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK).
1961 $* is no longer supported
1963 (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable $*, deprecated in older
1964 perls, has been removed as of 5.9.0 and is no longer supported. In
1965 previous versions of perl the use of $* enabled or disabled multi-
1966 line matching within a string.
1967 Instead of using $* you should use the "/m" (and maybe "/s") regexp
1969 modifiers. (In older versions: when $* was set to a true value then
1970 all regular expressions behaved as if they were written using
1971 "/m".)
1972 $# is no longer supported
1974 (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable $#, deprecated in older
1975 perls, has been removed as of 5.9.3 and is no longer supported. You
1976 should use the printf/sprintf functions instead.
1977 `%s' is not a code reference
1979 (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of
1980 overload::constant needs to be a code reference. Either an
1981 anonymous subroutine, or a reference to a subroutine.
1982 `%s' is not an overloadable type
1984 (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload
1985 package is unaware of.
1986 junk on end of regexp
1988 (P) The regular expression parser is confused.
1989 Label not found for "last %s"
1991 (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a
1992 loop of that name, not even if you count where you were called
1993 from. See "last" in perlfunc.
1994 Label not found for "next %s"
1996 (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a
1997 loop of that name, not even if you count where you were called
1998 from. See "last" in perlfunc.
1999 Label not found for "redo %s"
2001 (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop
2002 of that name, not even if you count where you were called from.
2003 See "last" in perlfunc.
2004 leaving effective %s failed
2006 (F) While under the "use filetest" pragma, switching the real and
2007 effective uids or gids failed.
2008 length/code after end of string in unpack
2010 (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an
2011 unpack length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This
2012 results in an undefined value for the length. See "pack" in
2013 perlfunc.
2014 Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input
2016 (F) An extension is attempting to insert text into the current
2017 parse (using lex_stuff_pvn_flags or similar), but tried to insert a
2018 character that couldn't be part of the current input. This is an
2019 inherent pitfall of the stuffing mechanism, and one of the reasons
2020 to avoid it. Where it is necessary to stuff, stuffing only plain
2021 ASCII is recommended.
2022 Lexing code internal error (%s)
2024 (F) Lexing code supplied by an extension violated the lexer's API
2025 in a detectable way.
2026 listen() on closed socket %s
2028 (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you
2029 forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See
2030 "listen" in perlfunc.
2031 localtime(%.0f) too large
2033 (W overflow) You called "localtime" with an number that was larger
2034 than it can reliably handle and "localtime" probably returned the
2035 wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special
2036 not-a-number value).
2037 localtime(%.0f) too small
2039 (W overflow) You called "localtime" with an number that was smaller
2040 than it can reliably handle and "localtime" probably returned the
2041 wrong date. This warning is also triggered with nan (the special
2042 not-a-number value).
2043 Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/
2045 (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which
2046 lookbehind can handle. This restriction may be eased in a future
2047 release.
2048 Lost precision when %s %f by 1
2050 (W) The value you attempted to increment or decrement by one is too
2051 large for the underlying floating point representation to store
2052 accurately, hence the target of "++" or "--" is unchanged. Perl
2053 issues this warning because it has already switched from integers
2054 to floating point when values are too large for integers, and now
2055 even floating point is insufficient. You may wish to switch to
2056 using Math::BigInt explicitly.
2057 lstat() on filehandle %s
2059 (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean
2060 by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a
2061 fstat() instead on the filehandle.)
2062 lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined
2064 (W misc) Making a subroutine an lvalue subroutine after it has been
2065 defined by declaring the subroutine with a lvalue attribute is not
2066 possible. To make the the subroutine a lvalue subroutine add the
2067 lvalue attribute to the definition, or put the the declaration
2068 before the definition.
2069 Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet
2071 (F) Due to limitations in the current implementation, array and
2072 hash values cannot be returned in subroutines used in lvalue
2073 context. See "Lvalue subroutines" in perlsub.
2074 Malformed integer in [] in pack
2076 (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only
2077 digits are permitted. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2078 Malformed integer in [] in unpack
2080 (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only
2081 digits are permitted. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2082 Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX
2084 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the
2085 form
2086 prefix1;prefix2
2088 or
2090 prefix1 prefix2
2091 with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If "prefix1" is indeed a prefix
2093 of a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The
2094 error may appear if components are not found, or are too long. See
2095 "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in perlos2.
2096 Malformed prototype for %s: %s
2098 (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype. The
2099 syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check
2100 for obvious errors like invalid characters. A more rigorous check
2101 is run when the function is called.
2102 Malformed UTF-8 character (%s)
2104 (S utf8) (F) Perl detected a string that didn't comply with UTF-8
2105 encoding rules, even though it had the UTF8 flag on.
2106 One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data
2108 that you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example
2109 legacy 8-bit data). To guard against this, you can use
2110 Encode::decode_utf8.
2111 If you use the ":encoding(UTF-8)" PerlIO layer for input, invalid
2113 byte sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use ":utf8", the
2114 flag is set without validating the data, possibly resulting in this
2115 error message.
2116 See also "Handling Malformed Data" in Encode.
2118 Malformed UTF-16 surrogate
2120 (F) Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but
2121 while doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate.
2122 Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N
2124 (F) The charnames handler returned malformed UTF-8.
2125 Malformed UTF-8 string in pack
2127 (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8
2128 encoding rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more
2129 progress.
2130 Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack
2132 (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8
2133 encoding rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more
2134 progress.
2135 Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack
2137 (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8
2138 encoding rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more
2139 progress.
2140 Maximal count of pending signals (%d) exceeded
2142 (F) Perl aborted due to a too high number of signals pending. This
2143 usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver
2144 signals too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl
2145 process from resources it would need to reach a point where it can
2146 process signals safely. (See "Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)" in
2147 perlipc.)
2148 %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2150 (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop
2151 if the regular expression engine didn't specifically check for
2152 that. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
2153 problem was discovered. See perlre.
2154 "%s" may clash with future reserved word
2156 (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a
2157 perl4 interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned
2158 about is "use" or "my".
2159 % may not be used in pack
2161 (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the
2162 checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other
2163 way. See "unpack" in perlfunc.
2164 Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing
2166 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table
2167 that doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See overload.
2168 Method %s not permitted
2170 See Server error.
2171 Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d
2173 (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been
2174 caused by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it
2175 eventually ended earlier on the current line.
2176 Misplaced _ in number
2178 (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not
2179 separate two digits.
2180 Missing argument in %s
2182 (W uninitialized) A printf-type format required more arguments than
2183 were supplied.
2184 Missing argument to -%c
2186 (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow
2187 immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces.
2188 Missing braces on \N{}
2190 (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal "\N{charname}" within
2191 double-quotish context. This can also happen when there is a space
2192 (or comment) between the "\N" and the "{" in a regex with the "/x"
2193 modifier. This modifier does not change the requirement that the
2194 brace immediately follow the "\N".
2195 Missing comma after first argument to %s function
2197 (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an
2198 "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them.
2199 Missing command in piped open
2201 (W pipe) You used the "open(FH, "| command")" or "open(FH, "command
2202 |")" construction, but the command was missing or blank.
2203 Missing control char name in \c
2205 (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required
2206 control character name.
2207 Missing name in "my sub"
2209 (F) The reserved syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires
2210 that they have a name with which they can be found.
2211 Missing $ on loop variable
2213 (F) Apparently you've been programming in csh too much. Variables
2214 are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells,
2215 where it can vary from one line to the next.
2216 (Missing operator before %s?)
2218 (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the
2219 message "%s found where operator expected". Often the missing
2220 operator is a comma.
2221 Missing right brace on %s
2223 (F) Missing right brace in "\x{...}", "\p{...}", "\P{...}", or
2224 "\N{...}".
2225 Missing right brace on \\N{} or unescaped left brace after \\N
2227 (F) "\N" has two meanings.
2228 The traditional one has it followed by a name enclosed in braces,
2230 meaning the character (or sequence of characters) given by that
2231 name. Thus "\N{ASTERISK}" is another way of writing "*", valid in
2232 both double-quoted strings and regular expression patterns. In
2233 patterns, it doesn't have the meaning an unescaped "*" does.
2234 Starting in Perl 5.12.0, "\N" also can have an additional meaning
2236 (only) in patterns, namely to match a non-newline character. (This
2237 is short for "[^\n]", and like "." but is not affected by the "/s"
2238 regex modifier.)
2239 This can lead to some ambiguities. When "\N" is not followed
2241 immediately by a left brace, Perl assumes the "[^\n]" meaning.
2242 Also, if the braces form a valid quantifier such as "\N{3}" or
2243 "\N{5,}", Perl assumes that this means to match the given quantity
2244 of non-newlines (in these examples, 3; and 5 or more,
2245 respectively). In all other case, where there is a "\N{" and a
2246 matching "}", Perl assumes that a character name is desired.
2247 However, if there is no matching "}", Perl doesn't know if it was
2249 mistakenly omitted, or if "[^\n]{" was desired, and raises this
2250 error. If you meant the former, add the right brace; if you meant
2251 the latter, escape the brace with a backslash, like so: "\N\{"
2252 Missing right curly or square bracket
2254 (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than
2255 closing ones. As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the
2256 place you were last editing.
2257 (Missing semicolon on previous line?)
2259 (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the
2260 message "%s found where operator expected". Don't automatically
2261 put a semicolon on the previous line just because you saw this
2262 message.
2263 Modification of a read-only value attempted
2265 (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a
2266 constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler
2267 catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is:
2268 sub mod { $_[0] = 1 }
2270 mod(2);
2271 Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the
2273 string.
2274 Yet another way is to assign to a "foreach" loop VAR when VAR is
2276 aliased to a constant in the look LIST:
2277 $x = 1;
2279 foreach my $n ($x, 2) {
2280 $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to modify the 2
2281 }
2282 Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s
2284 (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the
2285 subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the
2286 array backwards.
2287 Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s
2289 (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it
2290 couldn't be created for some peculiar reason.
2291 Module name must be constant
2293 (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a
2294 "use".
2295 Module name required with -%c option
2297 (F) The "-M" or "-m" options say that Perl should load some module,
2298 but you omitted the name of the module. Consult perlrun for full
2299 details about "-M" and "-m".
2300 More than one argument to '%s' open
2302 (F) The "open" function has been asked to open multiple files. This
2303 can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes
2304 a list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open
2305 mode. See "open" in perlfunc for details.
2306 msg%s not implemented
2308 (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system.
2309 Multidimensional syntax %s not supported
2311 (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like $foo[1,2,3].
2312 They're written like $foo[1][2][3], as in C.
2313 '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack
2315 (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did
2316 not follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value.
2317 See "pack" in perlfunc.
2318 "my sub" not yet implemented
2320 (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented. Don't
2321 try that yet.
2322 "%s" variable %s can't be in a package
2324 (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't
2325 make sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the
2326 front. Use local() if you want to localize a package variable.
2327 \\N in a character class must be a named character: \\N{...}
2329 (F) The new (5.12) meaning of "\N" as "[^\n]" is not valid in a
2330 bracketed character class, for the same reason that "." in a
2331 character class loses its specialness: it matches almost
2332 everything, which is probably not what you want.
2333 \\N{NAME} must be resolved by the lexer
2335 (F) When compiling a regex pattern, an unresolved named character
2336 or sequence was encountered. This can happen in any of several
2337 ways that bypass the lexer, such as using single-quotish context,
2338 or an extra backslash in double quotish:
2339 $re = '\N{SPACE}'; # Wrong!
2341 $re = "\\N{SPACE}"; # Wrong!
2342 /$re/;
2343 Instead, use double-quotes with a single backslash:
2345 $re = "\N{SPACE}"; # ok
2347 /$re/;
2348 The lexer can be bypassed as well by creating the pattern from
2350 smaller components:
2351 $re = '\N';
2353 /${re}{SPACE}/; # Wrong!
2354 It's not a good idea to split a construct in the middle like this,
2356 and it doesn't work here. Instead use the solution above.
2357 Finally, the message also can happen under the "/x" regex modifier
2359 when the "\N" is separated by spaces from the "{", in which case,
2360 remove the spaces.
2361 /\N {SPACE}/x; # Wrong!
2363 /\N{SPACE}/x; # ok
2364 Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo
2366 (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable
2367 names. If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then
2368 just mention it again somehow to suppress the message. The "our"
2369 declaration is provided for this purpose.
2370 NOTE: This warning detects symbols that have been used only once so
2372 $c, @c, %c, *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or format)
2373 are considered the same; if a program uses $c only once but also
2374 uses any of the others it will not trigger this warning.
2375 Invalid hexadecimal number in \\N{U+...}
2377 (F) The character constant represented by "..." is not a valid
2378 hexadecimal number. Either it is empty, or you tried to use a
2379 character other than 0 - 9 or A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number.
2380 Negative '/' count in unpack
2382 (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation
2383 was negative. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2384 Negative length
2386 (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer
2387 length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine.
2388 Negative offset to vec in lvalue context
2390 (F) When "vec" is called in an lvalue context, the second argument
2391 must be greater than or equal to zero.
2392 Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2394 (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening
2395 parentheses. So things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The <--
2396 HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
2397 discovered.
2398 Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, "*?", "+?", and "??"
2400 appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See perlre.
2401 %s never introduced
2403 (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went
2404 out of scope before it could possibly have been used.
2405 next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method
2407 (F) "next::method" needs to be called within the context of a real
2408 method in a real package, and it could not find such a context.
2409 See mro.
2410 No %s allowed while running setuid
2412 (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid
2413 or setgid script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking
2414 there will be another way to do what you want that is, if not
2415 secure, at least securable. See perlsec.
2416 No comma allowed after %s
2418 (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is
2419 not allowed to have a comma between that and the following
2420 arguments. Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments.
2421 One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported a
2423 constant to your name space with use or import while no such
2424 importing took place, it may for example be that your operating
2425 system does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did
2426 use an explicit import list for the constants you expect to see,
2427 please see "use" in perlfunc and "import" in perlfunc. While an
2428 explicit import list would probably have caught this error earlier
2429 it naturally does not remedy the fact that your operating system
2430 still does not support that constant. Maybe you have a typo in the
2431 constants of the symbol import list of use or import or in the
2432 constant name at the line where this error was triggered?
2433 No command into which to pipe on command line
2435 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line
2436 redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it
2437 doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command.
2438 No DB::DB routine defined
2440 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the -d switch,
2441 but for some reason the current debugger (e.g. perl5db.pl or a
2442 "Devel::" module) didn't define a routine to be called at the
2443 beginning of each statement.
2444 No dbm on this machine
2446 (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine
2447 should supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See
2448 SDBM_File.
2449 No DB::sub routine defined
2451 (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the -d switch,
2452 but for some reason the current debugger (e.g. perl5db.pl or a
2453 "Devel::" module) didn't define a "DB::sub" routine to be called at
2454 the beginning of each ordinary subroutine call.
2455 No -e allowed in setuid scripts
2457 (F) A setuid script can't be specified by the user.
2458 No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line
2460 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line
2461 redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but
2462 can't find the name of the file to which to write data destined for
2463 stderr.
2464 No group ending character '%c' found in template
2466 (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its
2467 matching counterpart. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2468 No input file after < on command line
2470 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line
2471 redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find
2472 the name of the file from which to read data for stdin.
2473 No #! line
2475 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #!
2476 line even on machines that don't support the #! construct.
2477 No next::method '%s' found for %s
2479 (F) "next::method" found no further instances of this method name
2480 in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class. If you don't
2481 want it throwing an exception, use "maybe::next::method" or
2482 "next::can". See mro.
2483 "no" not allowed in expression
2485 (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time,
2486 and returns no useful value. See perlmod.
2487 No output file after > on command line
2489 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line
2490 redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line,
2491 so it doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout.
2492 No output file after > or >> on command line
2494 (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line
2495 redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but
2496 can't find the name of the file to which to write data destined for
2497 stdout.
2498 No package name allowed for variable %s in "our"
2500 (F) Fully qualified variable names are not allowed in "our"
2501 declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing
2502 semantics. Such syntax is reserved for future extensions.
2503 No Perl script found in input
2505 (F) You called "perl -x", but no line was found in the file
2506 beginning with #! and containing the word "perl".
2507 No setregid available
2509 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call
2510 for your system.
2511 No setreuid available
2513 (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call
2514 for your system.
2515 No %s specified for -%c
2517 (F) The indicated command line switch needs a mandatory argument,
2518 but you haven't specified one.
2519 No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s
2521 (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated
2522 typed variable but that key is not allowed by the package of the
2523 same type. The indicated package has restricted the set of allowed
2524 keys using the fields pragma.
2525 No such class %s
2527 (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state"
2528 declaration, but this class doesn't exist at this point in your
2529 program.
2530 No such hook: %s
2532 (F) You specified a signal hook that was not recognized by Perl.
2533 Currently, Perl accepts "__DIE__" and "__WARN__" as valid signal
2534 hooks
2535 No such pipe open
2537 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose()
2538 tried to close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have
2539 been caught earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle.
2540 No such signal: SIG%s
2542 (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that
2543 was not recognized. Say "kill -l" in your shell to see the valid
2544 signal names on your system.
2545 Not a CODE reference
2547 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that
2548 is, a subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead.
2549 You can use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it
2550 really was. See also perlref.
2551 Not a format reference
2553 (F) I'm not sure how you managed to generate a reference to an
2554 anonymous format, but this indicates you did, and that it didn't
2555 exist.
2556 Not a GLOB reference
2558 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that
2559 is, a symbol table entry that looks like *foo), but found a
2560 reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
2561 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See perlref.
2562 Not a HASH reference
2564 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but
2565 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
2566 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See perlref.
2567 Not an ARRAY reference
2569 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but
2570 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
2571 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See perlref.
2572 Not a perl script
2574 (F) The setuid emulator requires that scripts have a well-formed #!
2575 line even on machines that don't support the #! construct. The
2576 line must mention perl.
2577 Not a SCALAR reference
2579 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but
2580 found a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref()
2581 function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See perlref.
2582 Not a subroutine reference
2584 (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that
2585 is, a subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead.
2586 You can use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it
2587 really was. See also perlref.
2588 Not a subroutine reference in overload table
2590 (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table
2591 that doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See overload.
2592 Not enough arguments for %s
2594 (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified.
2595 Not enough format arguments
2597 (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next
2598 line supplied. See perlform.
2599 %s: not found
2601 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
2602 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script
2603 into Perl yourself.
2604 no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC
2606 (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl was unable to find the local
2607 timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is
2608 equivalent to UTC. If it's not, define the logical name
2609 SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL to translate to the number of seconds
2610 which need to be added to UTC to get local time.
2611 Non-string passed as bitmask
2613 (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to
2614 select(). Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor
2615 bitmasks for select. See "select" in perlfunc
2616 Null filename used
2618 (F) You can't require the null filename, especially because on many
2619 machines that means the current directory! See "require" in
2620 perlfunc.
2621 NULL OP IN RUN
2623 (P debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode
2624 pointer.
2625 Null picture in formline
2627 (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture
2628 specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you
2629 supplied it an uninitialized value. See perlform.
2630 Null realloc
2632 (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL.
2633 NULL regexp argument
2635 (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time.
2636 NULL regexp parameter
2638 (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd.
2639 Number too long
2641 (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs
2642 to about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future
2643 versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation.
2644 In the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead
2645 of "1_000_000").
2646 Octal number in vector unsupported
2648 (F) Numbers with a leading 0 are not currently allowed in vectors.
2649 The octal number interpretation of such numbers may be supported in
2650 a future version.
2651 Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable
2653 (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1
2654 (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See
2655 perlport for more on portability concerns.
2656 See also perlport for writing portable code.
2658 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant
2660 (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number
2661 of arguments. The arguments should come in pairs.
2662 Odd number of elements in anonymous hash
2664 (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a
2665 hash, which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs.
2666 Odd number of elements in hash assignment
2668 (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a
2669 hash, which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs.
2670 Offset outside string
2672 (F, W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation
2673 with an offset pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to
2674 imagine. The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will
2675 take place when going past the end of the string when either
2676 "sysread()"ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar
2677 opened for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the
2678 behaviour with real files).
2679 %s() on unopened %s
2681 (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that
2682 was never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a
2683 socket() call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package.
2684 -%s on unopened filehandle %s
2686 (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a
2687 filehandle that isn't open. Check your control flow. See also
2688 "-X" in perlfunc.
2689 oops: oopsAV
2691 (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
2692 oops: oopsHV
2694 (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up.
2695 Opening dirhandle %s also as a file
2697 (W io deprecated) You used open() to associate a filehandle to a
2698 symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle. Although
2699 legal, this idiom might render your code confusing and is
2700 deprecated.
2701 Opening filehandle %s also as a directory
2703 (W io deprecated) You used opendir() to associate a dirhandle to a
2704 symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a filehandle. Although
2705 legal, this idiom might render your code confusing and is
2706 deprecated.
2707 Operation "%s": no method found, %s
2709 (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for
2710 which no handler was defined. While some handlers can be
2711 autogenerated in terms of other handlers, there is no default
2712 handler for any operation, unless "fallback" overloading key is
2713 specified to be true. See overload.
2714 Operator or semicolon missing before %s
2716 (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the
2717 parser was expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you
2718 really meant to use an operator, but this is highly likely to be
2719 incorrect. For example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be
2720 interpreted as if you said "*foo * 'foo'".
2721 "our" variable %s redeclared
2723 (W misc) You seem to have already declared the same global once
2724 before in the current lexical scope.
2725 Out of memory!
2727 (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was
2728 insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the
2729 request. Perl has no option but to exit immediately.
2730 At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing
2732 your process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use "limit" and "limit
2733 datasize n" (where "n" is the number of kilobytes) to check the
2734 current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use "ulimit -a"
2735 and "ulimit -d n", respectively.
2736 Out of memory during %s extend
2738 (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string
2739 beyond the largest possible memory allocation.
2740 Out of memory during "large" request for %s
2742 (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was
2743 insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the
2744 request. However, the request was judged large enough (compile-time
2745 default is 64K), so a possibility to shut down by trapping this
2746 error is granted.
2747 Out of memory during request for %s
2749 (X|F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was
2750 insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the
2751 request.
2752 The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it
2754 depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not
2755 trappable. However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the
2756 contents of $^M as an emergency pool after die()ing with this
2757 message. In this case the error is trappable once, and the error
2758 message will include the line and file where the failed request
2759 happened.
2760 Out of memory during ridiculously large request
2762 (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This
2763 error is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program.
2764 e.g., $arr[time] instead of $arr[$time].
2765 Out of memory for yacc stack
2767 (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue
2768 parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or
2769 otherwise.
2770 '.' outside of string in pack
2772 (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the
2773 working position to before the start of the packed string being
2774 built.
2775 '@' outside of string in unpack
2777 (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside
2778 the string being unpacked. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2779 '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack
2781 (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside
2782 the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also
2783 invalid UTF-8. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2784 Overloaded dereference did not return a reference
2786 (F) An object with an overloaded dereference operator was
2787 dereferenced, but the overloaded operation did not return a
2788 reference. See overload.
2789 Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP
2791 (F) An object with a "qr" overload was used as part of a match, but
2792 the overloaded operation didn't return a compiled regexp. See
2793 overload.
2794 %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s
2796 (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a
2797 package-specific handler. That name might have a meaning to Perl
2798 itself some day, even though it doesn't yet. Perhaps you should
2799 use a mixed-case attribute name, instead. See attributes.
2800 pack/unpack repeat count overflow
2802 (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows
2803 your signed integers. See "pack" in perlfunc.
2804 page overflow
2806 (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on
2807 a page. See perlform.
2808 panic: %s
2810 (P) An internal error.
2811 panic: attempt to call %s in %s
2813 (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls
2814 an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this
2815 platform. Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to
2816 enter this branch on this platform.
2817 panic: ck_grep
2819 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep.
2820 panic: ck_split
2822 (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split.
2823 panic: corrupt saved stack index
2825 (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values
2826 than there are in the savestack.
2827 panic: del_backref
2829 (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a
2830 weak reference.
2831 panic: Devel::DProf inconsistent subroutine return
2833 (P) Devel::DProf called a subroutine that exited using goto(LABEL),
2834 last(LABEL) or next(LABEL). Leaving that way a subroutine called
2835 from an XSUB will lead very probably to a crash of the interpreter.
2836 This is a bug that will hopefully one day get fixed.
2837 panic: die %s
2839 (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then
2840 discovered it wasn't an eval context.
2841 panic: do_subst
2843 (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid
2844 operational data.
2845 panic: do_trans_%s
2847 (P) The internal do_trans routines were called with invalid
2848 operational data.
2849 panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d
2851 (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an
2852 "eval" failure was caught.
2853 panic: frexp
2855 (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f")
2856 impossible.
2857 panic: goto
2859 (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified
2860 label, and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a
2861 goto in.
2862 panic: hfreeentries failed to free hash
2864 (P) The internal routine used to clear a hashes entries tried
2865 repeatedly, but each time something added more entries to the hash.
2866 Most likely the hash contains an object with a reference back to
2867 the hash and a destructor that adds a new object to the hash.
2868 panic: INTERPCASEMOD
2870 (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier.
2871 panic: INTERPCONCAT
2873 (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets.
2874 panic: kid popen errno read
2876 (F) forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its
2877 errno.
2878 panic: last
2880 (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then
2881 discovered it wasn't a block context.
2882 panic: leave_scope clearsv
2884 (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the
2885 scope.
2886 panic: leave_scope inconsistency
2888 (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an
2889 invalid enum on the top of it.
2890 panic: magic_killbackrefs
2892 (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all
2893 weak references to an object.
2894 panic: malloc
2896 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc.
2897 panic: memory wrap
2899 (P) Something tried to allocate more memory than possible.
2900 panic: pad_alloc
2902 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was
2903 allocating and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
2904 panic: pad_free curpad
2906 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was
2907 allocating and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
2908 panic: pad_free po
2910 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
2911 panic: pad_reset curpad
2913 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was
2914 allocating and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
2915 panic: pad_sv po
2917 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
2918 panic: pad_swipe curpad
2920 (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was
2921 allocating and freeing temporaries and lexicals from.
2922 panic: pad_swipe po
2924 (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally.
2925 panic: pp_iter
2927 (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame.
2928 panic: pp_match%s
2930 (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid
2931 operational data.
2932 panic: pp_split
2934 (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split.
2935 panic: realloc
2937 (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc.
2938 panic: restartop
2940 (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it),
2941 and didn't supply the destination.
2942 panic: return
2944 (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context,
2945 and then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context.
2946 panic: scan_num
2948 (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number.
2949 panic: sv_chop %s
2951 (P) The sv_chop() routine was passed a position that is not within
2952 the scalar's string buffer.
2953 panic: sv_insert
2955 (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than
2956 there was string.
2957 panic: top_env
2959 (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like
2960 that.
2961 panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called
2963 (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that
2964 isn't permitted at run time.
2965 panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen
2967 (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed
2968 to even) byte length.
2969 panic: utf16_to_utf8_reversed: odd bytelen
2971 (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8_reversed with an odd (as
2972 opposed to even) byte length.
2973 panic: yylex
2975 (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case
2976 modifier.
2977 Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex;
2979 marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
2980 (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls
2981 without consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is
2982 consumed before the nesting limit is exceeded.
2983 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
2985 problem was discovered.
2986 Parentheses missing around "%s" list
2988 (W parenthesis) You said something like
2989 my $foo, $bar = @_;
2991 when you meant
2993 my ($foo, $bar) = @_;
2995 Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than
2997 comma.
2998 "-p" destination: %s
3000 (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the
3001 "-p" command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless
3002 you've redirected it with select().)
3003 (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?)
3005 (F) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message
3006 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%s\"". It often
3007 means that a method requires a package that has not been loaded.
3008 Perl_my_%s() not available
3010 (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size, so
3011 it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order
3012 conversion functions. This is only a problem when you're using the
3013 '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates. See "pack" in
3014 perlfunc.
3015 Perl_pmflag() is deprecated, and will be removed from the XS API
3017 (D deprecated) XS code called the C function "Perl_pmflag". This
3018 was part of Perl's listed public API for extending or embedding the
3019 perl interpreter. It has now been removed from the public API, and
3020 will be removed in a future release, hence XS code should be re-
3021 written not to use it.
3022 Perl %s required--this is only version %s, stopped
3024 (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more
3025 recent than the currently running version. How long has it been
3026 since you upgraded, anyway? See "require" in perlfunc.
3027 PERL_SH_DIR too long
3029 (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find
3030 the "sh"-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in perlos2.
3031 PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s"
3033 See "PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun for legal values.
3034 perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
3036 (S) The whole warning message will look something like:
3037 perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
3039 perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
3040 LC_ALL = "En_US",
3041 LANG = (unset)
3042 are supported and installed on your system.
3043 perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
3044 Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above
3046 the settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no
3047 value. This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your
3048 operating system supplier and/or system administrator have set up
3049 the so-called locale system but Perl could not use those settings.
3050 This was not dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale"
3051 called "C" that Perl can and will use, the script will be run.
3052 Before you really fix the problem, however, you will get the same
3053 error message each time you run Perl. How to really fix the
3054 problem can be found in perllocale section LOCALE PROBLEMS.
3055 pid %x not a child
3057 (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait
3058 for a process which isn't a subprocess of the current process.
3059 While this is fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what
3060 you intended.
3061 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack
3063 (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*".
3064 POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3066 (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. The
3067 <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem
3068 was discovered. Note that the POSIX character classes do not have
3069 the "is" prefix the corresponding C interfaces have: in other
3070 words, it's "[[:print:]]", not "isprint". See perlre.
3071 POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument
3073 (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument,
3074 unlike the BSD version, which takes a pid.
3075 POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes in regex; marked by
3077 <-- HERE in m/%s/
3078 (W regexp) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .]
3079 go inside character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for
3080 example: /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not
3081 currently implemented; they are simply placeholders for future
3082 extensions and will cause fatal errors. The <-- HERE shows in the
3083 regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3084 perlre.
3085 POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked
3087 by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3088 (F regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the
3089 syntax beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for
3090 future extensions. If you need to represent those character
3091 sequences inside a regular expression character class, just quote
3092 the square brackets with the backslash: "\[." and ".\]". The <--
3093 HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3094 discovered. See perlre.
3095 POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked
3097 by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3098 (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
3099 beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future
3100 extensions. If you need to represent those character sequences
3101 inside a regular expression character class, just quote the square
3102 brackets with the backslash: "\[=" and "=\]". The <-- HERE shows
3103 in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered.
3104 See perlre.
3105 Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list
3107 (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with
3108 literal strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are
3109 instead treated as literal data. (You may have used different
3110 delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also
3111 frequently used.)
3112 You probably wrote something like this:
3114 @list = qw(
3116 a # a comment
3117 b # another comment
3118 );
3119 when you should have written this:
3121 @list = qw(
3123 a
3124 b
3125 );
3126 If you really want comments, build your list the old-fashioned way,
3128 with quotes and commas:
3129 @list = (
3131 'a', # a comment
3132 'b', # another comment
3133 );
3134 Possible attempt to separate words with commas
3136 (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore
3137 commas aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used
3138 different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are
3139 also frequently used.)
3140 You probably wrote something like this:
3142 qw! a, b, c !;
3144 which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it
3146 without commas if you don't want them to appear in your data:
3147 qw! a b c !;
3149 Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument
3151 (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining
3152 for. Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel
3153 byte at the end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got
3154 clobbered, and Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See
3155 "ioctl" in perlfunc.
3156 Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator
3158 (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in
3159 conjunction with a numeric comparison operator, like this :
3160 if ($x & $y == 0) { ... }
3162 This expression is actually equivalent to "$x & ($y == 0)", due to
3164 the higher precedence of "==". This is probably not what you want.
3165 (If you really meant to write this, disable the warning, or,
3166 better, put the parentheses explicitly and write "$x & ($y == 0)").
3167 Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string
3169 (W ambiguous) You said something like `@foo' in a double-quoted
3170 string but there was no array @foo in scope at the time. If you
3171 wanted a literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out
3172 what happened to the array you apparently lost track of.
3173 Possible unintended interpolation of $\ in regex
3175 (W ambiguous) You said something like "m/$\/" in a regex. The
3176 regex "m/foo$\s+bar/m" translates to: match the word 'foo', the
3177 output record separator (see "$\" in perlvar) and the letter 's'
3178 (one time or more) followed by the word 'bar'.
3179 If this is what you intended then you can silence the warning by
3181 using "m/${\}/" (for example: "m/foo${\}s+bar/").
3182 If instead you intended to match the word 'foo' at the end of the
3184 line followed by whitespace and the word 'bar' on the next line
3185 then you can use "m/$(?)\/" (for example: "m/foo$(?)\s+bar/").
3186 Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s)
3188 (S precedence) The old irregular construct
3189 open FOO || die;
3191 is now misinterpreted as
3193 open(FOO || die);
3195 because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary
3197 and list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must
3198 put parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator
3199 instead of "||".
3200 Premature end of script headers
3202 See Server error.
3203 printf() on closed filehandle %s
3205 (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed
3206 sometime before now. Check your control flow.
3207 print() on closed filehandle %s
3209 (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed
3210 sometime before now. Check your control flow.
3211 Process terminated by SIG%s
3213 (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while
3214 *nix applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of
3215 the OS/2 port. One can easily disable this by appropriate
3216 sighandlers, see "Signals" in perlipc. See also "Process
3217 terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" in perlos2.
3218 Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s
3220 (W illegalproto) A character follows % or @ in a prototype. This is
3221 useless, since % and @ gobble the rest of the subroutine arguments.
3222 Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s
3224 (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had
3225 previously been declared or defined with a different function
3226 prototype.
3227 Prototype not terminated
3229 (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype
3230 definition.
3231 Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3233 (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash
3234 it if you meant it literally. The <-- HERE shows in the regular
3235 expression about where the problem was discovered. See perlre.
3236 Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3238 (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max
3239 values of the {min,max} construct. The <-- HERE shows in the
3240 regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3241 perlre.
3242 Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression; marked by <-- HERE in
3244 m/%s/
3245 (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place
3246 where it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try
3247 putting the quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example,
3248 the way to match "abc" provided that it is followed by three
3249 repetitions of "xyz" is "/abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/", not
3250 "/abc(?=xyz){3}/".
3251 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3253 problem was discovered.
3254 Range iterator outside integer range
3256 (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator
3257 ".." are outside the range which can be represented by integers
3258 internally. One possible workaround is to force Perl to use
3259 magical string increment by prepending "0" to your numbers.
3260 readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3262 (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not
3263 really a dirhandle. Check your control flow.
3264 readline() on closed filehandle %s
3266 (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed
3267 sometime before now. Check your control flow.
3268 read() on closed filehandle %s
3270 (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle.
3271 read() on unopened filehandle %s
3273 (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never
3274 opened.
3275 Reallocation too large: %lx
3277 (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine.
3278 realloc() of freed memory ignored
3280 (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that
3281 had already been freed.
3282 Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch
3284 (F debugging) You can't use the -D option unless the code to
3285 produce the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails
3286 some overhead, which is why it's currently left out of your copy.
3287 Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s'
3289 (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a
3290 package, Perl believes it found an infinite loop in the @ISA
3291 hierarchy. This is a crude check that bails out after 100 levels
3292 of @ISA depth.
3293 Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method %s
3295 (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were encountered while
3296 invoking a method. Probably indicates an unintended loop in your
3297 inheritance hierarchy.
3298 Reference found where even-sized list expected
3300 (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a
3301 list with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash).
3302 This usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you
3303 meant to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value pairs.
3304 %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG
3306 %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG
3307 %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right
3308 %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine
3309 Reference is already weak
3311 (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already
3312 weak. Doing so has no effect.
3313 Reference miscount in sv_replace()
3315 (W internal) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV
3316 with a reference count of other than 1.
3317 Reference to invalid group 0
3319 (F) You used "\g0" or similar in a regular expression. You may
3320 refer to capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers
3321 (normal backreferences) or with strictly negative integers
3322 (relative backreferences), but using 0 does not make sense.
3323 Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3325 (F) You used something like "\7" in your regular expression, but
3326 there are not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the
3327 expression. If you wanted to have the character with value 7
3328 inserted into the regular expression, prepend a zero to make the
3329 number at least two digits: "\07"
3330 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3332 problem was discovered.
3333 Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by <-- HERE
3335 in m/%s/
3336 (F) You used something like "\g{-7}" in your regular expression,
3337 but there are not at least seven sets of closed capturing
3338 parentheses in the expression before where the "\g{-7}" was
3339 located.
3340 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3342 problem was discovered.
3343 Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
3345 m/%s/
3346 (F) You used something like "\k'NAME'" or "\k<NAME>" in your
3347 regular expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing
3348 parentheses such as "(?'NAME'...)" or "(?<NAME"...). Check if the
3349 name has been spelled correctly both in the backreference and the
3350 declaration.
3351 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3353 problem was discovered.
3354 (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
3356 m/%s/
3357 (F) You used something like "(?(DEFINE)...|..)" which is illegal.
3358 The most likely cause of this error is that you left out a
3359 parenthesis inside of the "...." part.
3360 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3362 problem was discovered.
3363 regexp memory corruption
3365 (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular
3366 expression compiler gave it.
3367 Regexp out of space
3369 (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught
3370 it earlier.
3371 Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @# incompatible)
3373 (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a
3374 numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never
3375 terminates. You might use ^# instead. See perlform.
3376 Replacement list is longer than search list
3378 (W misc) You have used a replacement list that is longer than the
3379 search list. So the additional elements in the replacement list are
3380 meaningless.
3381 Reversed %s= operator
3383 (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The =
3384 must always comes last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary
3385 operators.
3386 rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3388 (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either
3389 closed or not really a dirhandle. Check your control flow.
3390 Scalars leaked: %d
3392 (P) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping of scalars:
3393 not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time Perl exited.
3394 What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which is of course
3395 bad, especially if the Perl program is intended to be long-running.
3396 Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s]
3398 (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a
3399 single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for a
3400 scalar value (indicated by $). The difference is that $foo[&bar]
3401 always behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when
3402 evaluating its argument, while @foo[&bar] behaves like a list when
3403 you assign to it, and provides a list context to its subscript,
3404 which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript.
3405 On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array
3407 element as a list, you need to look into how references work,
3408 because Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists
3409 for you. See perlref.
3410 Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}
3412 (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a
3413 single element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a
3414 scalar value (indicated by $). The difference is that $foo{&bar}
3415 always behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when
3416 evaluating its argument, while @foo{&bar} behaves like a list when
3417 you assign to it, and provides a list context to its subscript,
3418 which can do weird things if you're expecting only one subscript.
3419 On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash
3421 element as a list, you need to look into how references work,
3422 because Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists
3423 for you. See perlref.
3424 Search pattern not terminated
3426 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{}
3427 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting
3428 level. Missing the leading "$" from a variable $m may cause this
3429 error.
3430 Note that since Perl 5.9.0 a // can also be the defined-or
3432 construct, not just the empty search pattern. Therefore code
3433 written in Perl 5.9.0 or later that uses the // as the defined-or
3434 can be misparsed by pre-5.9.0 Perls as a non-terminated search
3435 pattern.
3436 Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search
3438 pattern
3439 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a "?PATTERN?"
3440 construct.
3441 The question mark is also used as part of the ternary operator (as
3443 in "foo ? 0 : 1") leading to some ambiguous constructions being
3444 wrongly parsed. One way to disambiguate the parsing is to put
3445 parentheses around the conditional expression, i.e. "(foo) ? 0 :
3446 1".
3447 %sseek() on unopened filehandle
3449 (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a
3450 filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed.
3451 seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3453 (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed
3454 or not really a dirhandle. Check your control flow.
3455 select not implemented
3457 (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call.
3458 Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported
3460 (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in the
3461 current implementation.
3462 Semicolon seems to be missing
3464 (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a
3465 missing semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as
3466 a comma.
3467 semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string
3469 (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate
3470 a scalar that had previously been marked as free.
3471 sem%s not implemented
3473 (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system.
3474 send() on closed socket %s
3476 (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime
3477 before now. Check your control flow.
3478 Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3480 (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The
3481 <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem
3482 was discovered. See perlre.
3483 Sequence (?%s...) not implemented in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3485 (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character
3486 reserved but has not yet been written. The <-- HERE shows in the
3487 regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3488 perlre.
3489 Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3491 (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make
3492 sense. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where
3493 the problem was discovered. See perlre.
3494 Sequence \\%s... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3496 (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following
3497 the escape sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly
3498 written.
3499 Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3501 (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing
3502 parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. The <-- HERE
3503 shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3504 discovered. See perlre.
3505 Sequence (?{...}) not terminated or not {}-balanced in regex; marked by
3507 <-- HERE in m/%s/
3508 (F) If the contents of a (?{...}) clause contains braces, they must
3509 balance for Perl to properly detect the end of the clause. The <--
3510 HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was
3511 discovered. See perlre.
3512 500 Server error
3514 See Server error.
3515 Server error
3517 This is the error message generally seen in a browser window when
3518 trying to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The
3519 actual error text varies widely from server to server. The most
3520 frequently-seen variants are "500 Server error", "Method
3521 (something) not permitted", "Document contains no data", "Premature
3522 end of script headers", and "Did not produce a valid header".
3523 This is a CGI error, not a Perl error.
3525 You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by
3527 the user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the
3528 user account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment
3529 variables (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and
3530 isn't in a location where the CGI server can't find it, basically,
3531 more or less. Please see the following for more information:
3532 http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html
3534 http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html
3535 http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/
3536 You should also look at perlfaq9.
3538 setegid() not implemented
3540 (F) You tried to assign to $), and your operating system doesn't
3541 support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least
3542 Configure didn't think so.
3543 seteuid() not implemented
3545 (F) You tried to assign to $>, and your operating system doesn't
3546 support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least
3547 Configure didn't think so.
3548 setpgrp can't take arguments
3550 (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no
3551 arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and
3552 process group ID.
3553 setrgid() not implemented
3555 (F) You tried to assign to $(, and your operating system doesn't
3556 support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least
3557 Configure didn't think so.
3558 setruid() not implemented
3560 (F) You tried to assign to $<, and your operating system doesn't
3561 support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least
3562 Configure didn't think so.
3563 setsockopt() on closed socket %s
3565 (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket.
3566 Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call?
3567 See "setsockopt" in perlfunc.
3568 Setuid/gid script is writable by world
3570 (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that is writable by the
3571 world, because the world might have written on it already.
3572 Setuid script not plain file
3574 (F) The setuid emulator won't run a script that isn't read from a
3575 file, but from a socket, a pipe or another device.
3576 shm%s not implemented
3578 (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system.
3579 !=~ should be !~
3581 (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~. !=~ will be
3582 interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement)
3583 operators: probably not what you intended.
3584 <> should be quotes
3586 (F) You wrote "require <file>" when you should have written
3587 "require 'file'".
3588 /%s/ should probably be written as "%s"
3590 (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a
3591 string, as in the first argument to "join". Perl will treat the
3592 true or false result of matching the pattern against $_ as the
3593 string, which is probably not what you had in mind.
3594 shutdown() on closed socket %s
3596 (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a
3597 bit superfluous.
3598 SIG%s handler "%s" not defined
3600 (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact,
3601 exist. Perhaps you put it into the wrong package?
3602 Smart matching a non-overloaded object breaks encapsulation
3604 (F) You should not use the "~~" operator on an object that does not
3605 overload it: Perl refuses to use the object's underlying structure
3606 for the smart match.
3607 sort is now a reserved word
3609 (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into
3610 anymore. But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it
3611 as a filehandle.
3612 Sort subroutine didn't return single value
3614 (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with
3615 more or less than one element. See "sort" in perlfunc.
3616 splice() offset past end of array
3618 (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end
3619 of the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at
3620 the end of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you
3621 want, try explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array =
3622 $offset. See "splice" in perlfunc.
3623 Split loop
3625 (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split
3626 shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input,
3627 which is what happened.) See "split" in perlfunc.
3628 Statement unlikely to be reached
3630 (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than
3631 a die(). This is almost always an error, because exec() never
3632 returns unless there was a failure. You probably wanted to use
3633 system() instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put
3634 the exec() in a block by itself.
3635 stat() on unopened filehandle %s
3637 (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle
3638 that was either never opened or has since been closed.
3639 Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s"
3641 (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by
3642 importation stubs. Stubs should never be implicitly created, but
3643 explicit calls to "can" may break this.
3644 Subroutine %s redefined
3646 (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning,
3647 say
3648 {
3650 no warnings 'redefine';
3651 eval "sub name { ... }";
3652 }
3653 Substitution loop
3655 (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a
3656 substitution shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters
3657 of input, which is what happened.) See the discussion of
3658 substitution in "Regexp Quote-Like Operators" in perlop.
3659 Substitution pattern not terminated
3661 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or
3662 s{}{} construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting
3663 level. Missing the leading "$" from variable $s may cause this
3664 error.
3665 Substitution replacement not terminated
3667 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{}
3668 construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting
3669 level. Missing the leading "$" from variable $s may cause this
3670 error.
3671 substr outside of string
3673 (W substr),(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed
3674 outside of a string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was
3675 larger than the length of the string. See "substr" in perlfunc.
3676 This warning is fatal if substr is used in an lvalue context (as
3677 the left hand side of an assignment or as a subroutine argument for
3678 example).
3679 sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d
3681 (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade an SV to a type which was
3682 actually inferior to its current type.
3683 Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by
3685 <-- HERE in m/%s/
3686 (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at
3687 most two branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want
3688 one or both to contain alternation, such as using
3689 "this|that|other", enclose it in clustering parentheses:
3690 (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause)
3692 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
3694 problem was discovered. See perlre.
3695 Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
3697 (F) If the argument to the (?(...)if-clause|else-clause) construct
3698 is a number, it can be only a number. The <-- HERE shows in the
3699 regular expression about where the problem was discovered. See
3700 perlre.
3701 switching effective %s is not implemented
3703 (F) While under the "use filetest" pragma, we cannot switch the
3704 real and effective uids or gids.
3705 %s syntax
3707 (F) The final summary message when a "perl -c" succeeds.
3708 syntax error
3710 (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include:
3711 A keyword is misspelled.
3713 A semicolon is missing.
3714 A comma is missing.
3715 An opening or closing parenthesis is missing.
3716 An opening or closing brace is missing.
3717 A closing quote is missing.
3718 Often there will be another error message associated with the
3720 syntax error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn
3721 on -w.) The error message itself often tells you where it was in
3722 the line when it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is
3723 several tokens before this, because Perl is good at understanding
3724 random input. Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and
3725 once in a blue moon the only way to figure out what's triggering
3726 the error is to call "perl -c" repeatedly, chopping away half the
3727 program each time to see if the error went away. Sort of the
3728 cybernetic version of 20 questions.
3729 syntax error at line %d: `%s' unexpected
3731 (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell
3732 instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script
3733 into Perl yourself.
3734 syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s"
3736 (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through
3737 a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use
3738 strict" or "my $var" or "our $var".
3739 sysread() on closed filehandle %s
3741 (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle.
3742 sysread() on unopened filehandle %s
3744 (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never
3745 opened.
3746 System V %s is not implemented on this machine
3748 (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem",
3749 "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your
3750 machine. In some machines the functionality can exist but be
3751 unconfigured. Consult your system support.
3752 syswrite() on closed filehandle %s
3754 (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed
3755 sometime before now. Check your control flow.
3756 "-T" and "-B" not implemented on filehandles
3758 (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it
3759 doesn't know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a
3760 filename instead.
3761 Target of goto is too deeply nested
3763 (F) You tried to use "goto" to reach a label that was too deeply
3764 nested for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing.
3765 tell() on unopened filehandle
3767 (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle
3768 that was either never opened or has since been closed.
3769 telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s
3771 (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not
3772 really a dirhandle. Check your control flow.
3773 That use of $[ is unsupported
3775 (F) Assignment to $[ is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted
3776 as a compiler directive. You may say only one of
3777 $[ = 0;
3779 $[ = 1;
3780 ...
3781 local $[ = 0;
3782 local $[ = 1;
3783 ...
3784 This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array
3786 base out from under another module inadvertently. See "$[" in
3787 perlvar.
3788 The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia
3790 (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine,
3791 probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because
3792 they think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least
3793 that they will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me
3794 on that, I will deny it.
3795 The %s function is unimplemented
3797 The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture,
3798 according to the probings of Configure.
3799 The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat
3801 (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic
3802 linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already
3803 went past the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual
3804 filename instead.
3805 The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables
3807 (F) This attribute was never supported on "my" or "sub"
3808 declarations.
3809 This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s)
3811 This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s)
3812 (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS. You tried to change or
3813 delete an element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your
3814 copy of Perl wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv()
3815 function. You'll need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or
3816 redefine PERL_ENV_TABLES (see perlvms) so that the environ array
3817 isn't the target of the change to %ENV which produced the warning.
3818 thread failed to start: %s
3820 (W threads)(S) The entry point function of threads->create() failed
3821 for some reason.
3822 times not implemented
3824 (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I
3825 suspect you're not running on Unix.
3826 "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line
3828 (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
3829 -T option (or the -t option), but Perl was not invoked with -T in
3830 its command line. This is an error because, by the time Perl
3831 discovers a -T in a script, it's too late to properly taint
3832 everything from the environment. So Perl gives up.
3833 If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #!
3835 mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be
3836 fixed by editing the #! line so that the -%c option is a part of
3837 Perl's first argument: e.g. change "perl -n -%c" to "perl -%c -n".
3838 If the Perl script is being executed as "perl scriptname", then the
3840 -%c option must appear on the command line: "perl -%c scriptname".
3841 To%s: illegal mapping '%s'
3843 (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst,
3844 uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you
3845 specified an illegal mapping. See "User-Defined Character
3846 Properties" in perlunicode.
3847 Too deeply nested ()-groups
3849 (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep
3850 nesting level.
3851 Too few args to syscall
3853 (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify
3854 the system call to call, silly dilly.
3855 Too late for "-%s" option
3857 (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the
3858 -M, -m or -C option.
3859 In the case of -M and -m, this is an error because those options
3861 are not intended for use inside scripts. Use the "use" pragma
3862 instead.
3863 The -C option only works if it is specified on the command line as
3865 well (with the same sequence of letters or numbers following).
3866 Either specify this option on the command line, or, if your system
3867 supports it, make your script executable and run it directly
3868 instead of passing it to perl.
3869 Too late to run %s block
3871 (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time
3872 proper, when the opportunity to run them has already passed.
3873 Perhaps you are loading a file with "require" or "do" when you
3874 should be using "use" instead. Or perhaps you should put the
3875 "require" or "do" inside a BEGIN block.
3876 Too many args to syscall
3878 (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall().
3879 Too many arguments for %s
3881 (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified.
3882 Too many )'s
3884 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
3885 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
3886 yourself.
3887 Too many ('s
3889 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
3890 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
3891 yourself.
3892 Trailing \ in regex m/%s/
3894 (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash.
3895 Backslash it. See perlre.
3896 Transliteration pattern not terminated
3898 (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or
3899 tr[][] or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading "$" from
3900 variables $tr or $y may cause this error.
3901 Transliteration replacement not terminated
3903 (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][],
3904 y/// or y[][] construct.
3905 '%s' trapped by operation mask
3907 (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which
3908 it's disallowed. See Safe.
3909 truncate not implemented
3911 (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that
3912 Configure knows about.
3913 Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)
3915 (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a
3916 certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or "@{EXPR}". Hashes must be
3917 %NAME or "%{EXPR}". No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the
3918 {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See perlref.
3919 umask not implemented
3921 (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried
3922 to use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700).
3923 Unable to create sub named "%s"
3925 (F) You attempted to create or access a subroutine with an illegal
3926 name.
3927 Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs
3929 (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in
3930 how many execution contexts were entered and left.
3931 Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores
3933 (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in
3934 how many values were temporarily localized.
3935 Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs
3937 (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in
3938 how many blocks were entered and left.
3939 Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees
3941 (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in
3942 how many mortal scalars were allocated and freed.
3943 Undefined format "%s" called
3945 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's
3946 really in another package? See perlform.
3947 Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called
3949 (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist.
3950 Perhaps it's in a different package? See "sort" in perlfunc.
3951 Undefined subroutine &%s called
3953 (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it
3954 has since been undefined.
3955 Undefined subroutine called
3957 (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been
3958 defined, or if it was, it has since been undefined.
3959 Undefined subroutine in sort
3961 (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't
3962 seem to have been defined yet. See "sort" in perlfunc.
3963 Undefined top format "%s" called
3965 (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's
3966 really in another package? See perlform.
3967 Undefined value assigned to typeglob
3969 (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la "*foo
3970 = undef". This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean
3971 "undef *foo".
3972 %s: Undefined variable
3974 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
3975 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
3976 yourself.
3977 unexec of %s into %s failed!
3979 (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local
3980 FSF representative, who probably put it there in the first place.
3981 Unicode non-character %s is illegal for interchange
3983 (W utf8) Certain codepoints, such as U+FFFE and U+FFFF, are defined
3984 by the Unicode standard to be non-characters. Those are legal
3985 codepoints, but are reserved for internal use; so, applications
3986 shouldn't attempt to exchange them. In some cases, this message is
3987 also given if you use a codepoint that isn't in Unicode--that is it
3988 is above the legal maximum of U+10FFFF. These aren't legal at all
3989 in Unicode, so they are illegal for interchange, but can be used
3990 internally in a Perl program. If you know what you are doing you
3991 can turn off this warning by "no warnings 'utf8';".
3992 Unknown BYTEORDER
3994 (F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this
3995 byte order.
3996 Unknown open() mode '%s'
3998 (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list
3999 of valid modes: "<", ">", ">>", "+<", "+>", "+>>", "-|", "|-",
4000 "<&", ">&".
4001 Unknown PerlIO layer "%s"
4003 (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the
4004 Perl I/O system. (Layers take care of transforming data between
4005 external and internal representations.) Note that some layers,
4006 such as "mmap", are not supported in all environments. If your
4007 program didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be
4008 the result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO.
4009 Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s
4011 (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl was reading values for %ENV
4012 before iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the
4013 stream of data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps
4014 trying to subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes.
4015 Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s)
4017 You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma.
4018 Unknown switch condition (?(%.2s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4020 (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause)
4021 construct is not known. The condition may be lookahead or
4022 lookbehind (the condition is true if the lookahead or lookbehind is
4023 true), a (?{...}) construct (the condition is true if the code
4024 evaluates to a true value), or a number (the condition is true if
4025 the set of capturing parentheses named by the number matched).
4026 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4028 problem was discovered. See perlre.
4029 Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'
4031 You specified an unknown Unicode option. See perlrun documentation
4032 of the "-C" switch for the list of known options.
4033 Unknown Unicode option value %x
4035 You specified an unknown Unicode option. See perlrun documentation
4036 of the "-C" switch for the list of known options.
4037 Unknown warnings category '%s'
4039 (F) An error issued by the "warnings" pragma. You specified a
4040 warnings category that is unknown to perl at this point.
4041 Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a
4043 module (e.g. "use warnings 'File::Find'"), you must have imported
4044 this module
4045 Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4047 (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a "*" quantifier
4048 after an open brace in your pattern. Check the pattern and review
4049 perlre for details on legal verb patterns.
4050 first.
4052 unmatched [ in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4054 (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish
4055 to include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or
4056 put it first. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about
4057 where the problem was discovered. See perlre.
4058 unmatched ( in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4060 (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular
4061 expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding
4062 the matching parenthesis. The <-- HERE shows in the regular
4063 expression about where the problem was discovered. See perlre.
4064 Unmatched right %s bracket
4066 (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than
4067 opening ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening
4068 bracket. As a general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to
4069 speak) near the place you were last editing.
4070 Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word
4072 (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a
4073 reserved word. It's best to put such a word in quotes, or
4074 capitalize it somehow, or insert an underbar into it. You might
4075 also declare it as a subroutine.
4076 Unrecognized character %s; marked by <-- HERE after %s near column %d
4078 (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified
4079 character in your Perl script (or eval) near the specified column.
4080 Perhaps you tried to run a compressed script, a binary program, or
4081 a directory as a Perl program.
4082 Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through in regex;
4084 marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4085 (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4086 recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was
4087 understood literally, but this may change in a future version of
4088 Perl. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4089 escape was discovered.
4090 Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through
4092 (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4093 recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but
4094 this may change in a future version of Perl.
4095 Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
4097 m/%s/
4098 (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not
4099 recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but
4100 this may change in a future version of Perl. The <-- HERE shows in
4101 the regular expression about where the escape was discovered.
4102 Unrecognized signal name "%s"
4104 (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not
4105 recognized. Say "kill -l" in your shell to see the valid signal
4106 names on your system.
4107 Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)
4109 (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that. (If
4110 you think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's
4111 supplying the bad switch on your behalf.)
4112 Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline
4114 (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that
4115 operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a
4116 newline, PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off. See
4117 "chomp" in perlfunc.
4118 Unsupported directory function "%s" called
4120 (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir().
4121 Unsupported function %s
4123 (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function,
4124 apparently. At least, Configure doesn't think so.
4125 Unsupported function fork
4127 (F) Your version of executable does not support forking.
4128 Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different
4130 flavors of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some
4131 not. Try changing the name you call Perl by to "perl_", "perl__",
4132 and so on.
4133 Unsupported script encoding %s
4135 (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM)
4136 which declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot
4137 read.
4138 Unsupported socket function "%s" called
4140 (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or
4141 at least that's what Configure thought.
4142 Unterminated attribute list
4144 (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the
4145 start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a
4146 block. Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous
4147 attribute too soon. See attributes.
4148 Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list
4150 (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while
4151 parsing an attribute list, but the matching closing (right)
4152 parenthesis character was not found. You may need to add (or
4153 remove) a backslash character to get your parentheses to balance.
4154 See attributes.
4155 Unterminated compressed integer
4157 (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER
4158 compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer.
4159 See "pack" in perlfunc.
4160 Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4162 (F) You used a pattern of the form "(*VERB)" but did not terminate
4163 the pattern with a ")". Fix the pattern and retry.
4164 Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
4166 m/%s/
4167 (F) You used a pattern of the form "(*VERB:ARG)" but did not
4168 terminate the pattern with a ")". Fix the pattern and retry.
4169 Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4171 (F) You missed a close brace on a \g{..} pattern (group reference)
4172 in a regular expression. Fix the pattern and retry.
4173 Unterminated <> operator
4175 (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was
4176 expecting a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle
4177 bracket, and not finding it. Chances are you left some needed
4178 parentheses out earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less
4179 than".
4180 untie attempted while %d inner references still exist
4182 (W untie) A copy of the object returned from "tie" (or "tied") was
4183 still valid when "untie" was called.
4184 Usage: POSIX::%s(%s)
4186 (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments. See
4187 "FUNCTIONS" in POSIX for more information.
4188 Usage: Win32::%s(%s)
4190 (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments. See
4191 Win32 for more information.
4192 Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in
4194 m/%s/
4195 (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that
4196 has no meaning unless removed from the entire regexp:
4197 if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... }
4199 must be written as
4201 if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... }
4203 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4205 problem was discovered. See perlre.
4206 Useless localization of %s
4208 (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as "local($x=10)" is
4209 legal, but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may
4210 change at some point in the future, but in the meantime such code
4211 is discouraged.
4212 Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
4214 (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has
4215 no meaning unless applied to the entire regexp:
4216 if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... }
4218 must be written as
4220 if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... }
4222 The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the
4224 problem was discovered. See perlre.
4225 Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator
4227 (W misc) You have used the /d modifier where the searchlist has the
4228 same length as the replacelist. See perlop for more information
4229 about the /d modifier.
4230 Useless use of %s in void context
4232 (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that
4233 does nothing with the return value, such as a statement that
4234 doesn't return a value from a block, or the left side of a scalar
4235 comma operator. Very often this points not to stupidity on your
4236 part, but a failure of Perl to parse your program the way you
4237 thought it would. For example, you'd get this if you mixed up your
4238 C precedence with Python precedence and said
4239 $one, $two = 1, 2;
4241 when you meant to say
4243 ($one, $two) = (1, 2);
4245 Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a
4247 list reference when you should be using square or curly brackets,
4248 for example, if you say
4249 $array = (1,2);
4251 when you should have said
4253 $array = [1,2];
4255 The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar
4257 value, while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is
4258 evaluated in a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma
4259 operator, which throws away the left argument, which is not what
4260 you want. See perlref for more on this.
4261 This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0
4263 or 1 since they are often used in statements like
4264 1 while sub_with_side_effects();
4266 String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned
4268 about.
4269 Useless use of "re" pragma
4271 (W) You did "use re;" without any arguments. That isn't very
4272 useful.
4273 Useless use of sort in scalar context
4275 (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in :
4276 my $x = sort @y;
4278 This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away.
4280 Useless use of %s with no values
4282 (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no
4283 arguments apart from the array, like "push(@x)" or "unshift(@foo)".
4284 That won't usually have any effect on the array, so is completely
4285 useless. It's possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could
4286 have some effect if the array is tied to a class which implements a
4287 PUSH method. If so, you can write it as "push(@tied_array,())" to
4288 avoid this warning.
4289 "use" not allowed in expression
4291 (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time,
4292 and returns no useful value. See perlmod.
4293 Use of assignment to $[ is deprecated
4295 (D deprecated) The $[ variable (index of the first element in an
4296 array) is deprecated. See "$[" in perlvar.
4297 Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated
4299 (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted
4300 form if you wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the
4301 here-document.
4302 Use of comma-less variable list is deprecated
4304 (D deprecated) The values you give to a format should be separated
4305 by commas, not just aligned on a line.
4306 Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated
4308 (D deprecated) chdir() with no arguments is documented to change to
4309 $ENV{HOME} or $ENV{LOGDIR}. chdir(undef) and chdir('') share this
4310 behavior, but that has been deprecated. In future versions they
4311 will simply fail.
4312 Be careful to check that what you pass to chdir() is defined and
4314 not blank, else you might find yourself in your home directory.
4315 Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s///
4317 (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution. The /c
4318 modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions.
4319 Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g
4321 (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but
4322 didn't use the /g modifier. Currently, /c is meaningful only when
4323 /g is used. (This may change in the future.)
4324 Use of := for an empty attribute list is deprecated
4326 (D deprecated) The construction "my $x := 42" currently parses
4327 correctly in perl, being equivalent to "my $x : = 42" (applying an
4328 empty attribute list to $x). This useless construct is now
4329 deprecated, so ":=" can be reclaimed as a new operator in the
4330 future.
4331 Use of freed value in iteration
4333 (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop? This
4334 error is typically caused by code like the following:
4335 @a = (3,4);
4337 @a = () for (1,2,@a);
4338 You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated
4340 over. For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not
4341 do full reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such
4342 an item in the middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed
4343 value.
4344 Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated
4346 (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the shorter *glob{IO}
4347 form to access the filehandle slot within a typeglob.
4348 Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split
4350 (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a "split"
4351 operator. Since "split" always tries to match the pattern
4352 repeatedly, the "/g" has no effect.
4353 Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated
4355 (D deprecated) Using "goto" to jump from an outer scope into an
4356 inner scope is deprecated and should be avoided.
4357 Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated
4359 (D deprecated) As an (ahem) accidental feature, "AUTOLOAD"
4360 subroutines are looked up as methods (using the @ISA hierarchy)
4361 even when the subroutines to be autoloaded were called as plain
4362 functions (e.g. "Foo::bar()"), not as methods (e.g. "Foo->bar()"
4363 or "$obj->bar()").
4364 This bug will be rectified in future by using method lookup only
4366 for methods' "AUTOLOAD"s. However, there is a significant base of
4367 existing code that may be using the old behavior. So, as an
4368 interim step, Perl currently issues an optional warning when non-
4369 methods use inherited "AUTOLOAD"s.
4370 The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading
4372 non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that
4373 used to depend on inheriting "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods from a base
4374 class named "BaseClass", execute "*AUTOLOAD =
4375 \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD" during startup.
4376 In code that currently says "use AutoLoader; @ISA =
4378 qw(AutoLoader);" you should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change
4379 "use AutoLoader;" to "use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';".
4380 Use of octal value above 377 is deprecated
4382 (D deprecated, W regexp) There is a constant in the regular
4383 expression whose value is interpeted by Perl as octal and larger
4384 than 377 (255 decimal, 0xFF hex). Perl may take this to mean
4385 different things depending on the rest of the regular expression.
4386 If you meant such an octal value, convert it to hexadecimal and use
4387 "\xHH" or "\x{HH}" instead. If you meant to have part of it mean a
4388 backreference, use "\g" for that. See perlre.
4389 Use of %s in printf format not supported
4391 (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible
4392 from only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in
4393 Perl.
4394 Use of %s is deprecated
4396 (D deprecated) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for
4397 use, generally because there's a better way to do it, and also
4398 because the old way has bad side effects.
4399 Use of -l on filehandle %s
4401 (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened
4402 the file it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying
4403 to look for. The operation returned "undef". Use a filename
4404 instead.
4405 Use of "package" with no arguments is deprecated
4407 (D deprecated) You used the "package" keyword without specifying a
4408 package name. So no namespace is current at all. Using this can
4409 cause many otherwise reasonable constructs to fail in baffling
4410 ways. "use strict;" instead.
4411 Use of reference "%s" as array index
4413 (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this
4414 probably isn't what you mean, because references in numerical
4415 context tend to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates
4416 programmer error.
4417 If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like
4419 so: $array[0+$ref]. This warning is not given for overloaded
4420 objects, either, because you can overload the numification and
4421 stringification operators and then you assumably know what you are
4422 doing.
4423 Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated
4425 (D deprecated) The indicated bareword is a reserved word. Future
4426 versions of perl may use it as a keyword, so you're better off
4427 either explicitly quoting the word in a manner appropriate for its
4428 context of use, or using a different name altogether. The warning
4429 can be suppressed for subroutine names by either adding a "&"
4430 prefix, or using a package qualifier, e.g. "&our()", or
4431 "Foo::our()".
4432 Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated
4434 (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied "system()" or "exec()" with
4435 multiple arguments and at least one of them is tainted. This used
4436 to be allowed but will become a fatal error in a future version of
4437 perl. Untaint your arguments. See perlsec.
4438 Use of uninitialized value%s
4440 (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already
4441 defined. It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a
4442 mistake. To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your
4443 variables.
4444 To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell
4446 you the name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some
4447 cases it cannot do this, so it also tells you what operation you
4448 used the undefined value in. Note, however, that perl optimizes
4449 your program and the operation displayed in the warning may not
4450 necessarily appear literally in your program. For example, "that
4451 $foo" is usually optimized into ""that " . $foo", and the warning
4452 will refer to the "concatenation (.)" operator, even though there
4453 is no "." in your program.
4454 Using a hash as a reference is deprecated
4456 (D deprecated) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in
4457 "%foo->{"bar"}" or "%$ref->{"hello"}". Versions of perl <= 5.6.1
4458 used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now
4459 deprecated, and will be removed in a future version.
4460 Using an array as a reference is deprecated
4462 (D deprecated) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in
4463 "@foo->[23]" or "@$ref->[99]". Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 used to
4464 allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, and
4465 will be removed in a future version.
4466 Using just the first character returned by \N{} in character class
4468 (W) A charnames handler may return a sequence of more than one
4469 character. Currently all but the first one are discarded when used
4470 in a regular expression pattern bracketed character class.
4471 Using just the first characters returned by \N{}
4473 (W) A charnames handler may return a sequence of characters. There
4474 is a finite limit as to the number of characters that can be used,
4475 which this sequence exceeded. In the message, the characters in
4476 the sequence are separated by dots, and each is shown by its
4477 ordinal in hex. Anything to the left of the "HERE" was retained;
4478 anything to the right was discarded.
4479 UTF-16 surrogate %s
4481 (W utf8) You tried to generate half of a UTF-16 surrogate by
4482 requesting a Unicode character between the code points 0xD800 and
4483 0xDFFF (inclusive). That range is reserved exclusively for the use
4484 of UTF-16 encoding (by having two 16-bit UCS-2 characters); but
4485 Perl encodes its characters in UTF-8, so what you got is a very
4486 illegal character. If you really really know what you are doing
4487 you can turn off this warning by "no warnings 'utf8';".
4488 Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined()
4490 (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*>
4491 (glob), "each()", or "readdir()" as a boolean value. Each of these
4492 constructs can return a value of "0"; that would make the
4493 conditional expression false, which is probably not what you
4494 intended. When using these constructs in conditional expressions,
4495 test their values with the "defined" operator.
4496 Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long
4498 (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the value
4499 of an %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant
4500 string longer than 1024 characters. The return value has been
4501 truncated to 1024 characters.
4502 Variable "%s" is not available
4504 (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval
4505 is attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently
4506 available. This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the
4507 outer lexical may be declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that
4508 has not yet been created. (Remember that named subs are created at
4509 compile time, while anonymous subs are created at run-time.) For
4510 example,
4511 sub { my $a; sub f { $a } }
4513 At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value
4515 of $a, since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet.
4516 Conversely, the following won't give a warning since the anonymous
4517 subroutine has by now been created and is live:
4518 sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->();
4520 The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that
4522 has gone out of scope, for example,
4523 sub f {
4525 my $a;
4526 sub { eval '$a' }
4527 }
4528 f()->();
4529 Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not
4531 currently being executed, so its $a is not available for capture.
4532 Variable "%s" is not imported%s
4534 (F) While "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable
4535 that you apparently thought was imported from another module,
4536 because something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is
4537 exported by that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny
4538 character on the front of your variable.
4539 Variable length lookbehind not implemented in m/%s/
4541 (F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is
4542 fixed and known at compile time. See perlre.
4543 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s
4545 (W misc) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in
4546 the current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access
4547 to the previous instance. This is almost always a typographical
4548 error. Note that the earlier variable will still exist until the
4549 end of the scope or until all closure referents to it are
4550 destroyed.
4551 Variable syntax
4553 (A) You've accidentally run your script through csh instead of
4554 Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl
4555 yourself.
4556 Variable "%s" will not stay shared
4558 (W closure) An inner (nested) named subroutine is referencing a
4559 lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine.
4560 When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of the
4562 outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first*
4563 call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to
4564 the outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines
4565 will no longer share a common value for the variable. In other
4566 words, the variable will no longer be shared.
4567 This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine
4569 anonymous, using the "sub {}" syntax. When inner anonymous subs
4570 that reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they are
4571 automatically rebound to the current values of such variables.
4572 Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE
4574 in m/%s/
4575 (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an
4576 argument or check that you are using the right verb.
4577 Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE
4579 in m/%s/
4580 (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove
4581 the argument or check that you are using the right verb.
4582 Version number must be a constant number
4584 (P) The attempt to translate a "use Module n.n LIST" statement into
4585 its equivalent "BEGIN" block found an internal inconsistency with
4586 the version number.
4587 Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s'
4589 (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end,
4590 which are being ignored.
4591 Warning: something's wrong
4593 (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of "warn """)
4594 or you called it with no args and $@ was empty.
4595 Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly
4597 (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication
4598 on the close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of
4599 disk space.
4600 Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous
4602 (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that
4603 looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted
4604 as a term or unary operator. For instance, if you know that the
4605 rand function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write
4606 rand + 5;
4608 you may THINK you wrote the same thing as
4610 rand() + 5;
4612 but in actual fact, you got
4614 rand(+5);
4616 So put in parentheses to say what you really mean.
4618 Wide character in %s
4620 (S utf8) Perl met a wide character (>255) when it wasn't expecting
4621 one. This warning is by default on for I/O (like print). The
4622 easiest way to quiet this warning is simply to add the ":utf8"
4623 layer to the output, e.g. "binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'". Another way
4624 to turn off the warning is to add "no warnings 'utf8';" but that is
4625 often closer to cheating. In general, you are supposed to
4626 explicitly mark the filehandle with an encoding, see open and
4627 "binmode" in perlfunc.
4628 Within []-length '%c' not allowed
4630 (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by
4631 "[TEMPLATE]" only if "TEMPLATE" always matches the same amount of
4632 packed bytes that can be determined from the template alone. This
4633 is not possible if it contains an of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a
4634 *-length. Redesign the template.
4635 write() on closed filehandle %s
4637 (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed
4638 sometime before now. Check your control flow.
4639 %s "\x%s" does not map to Unicode
4641 When reading in different encodings Perl tries to map everything
4642 into Unicode characters. The bytes you read in are not legal in
4643 this encoding, for example
4644 utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode
4646 if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8.
4648 'X' outside of string
4650 (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position
4651 before the beginning of the string being (un)packed. See "pack" in
4652 perlfunc.
4653 'x' outside of string in unpack
4655 (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position
4656 after the end of the string being unpacked. See "pack" in
4657 perlfunc.
4658 YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!
4660 (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have
4661 the sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a
4662 rip about what you want. Your best bet is to put a setuid C
4663 wrapper around your script.
4664 You need to quote "%s"
4666 (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name.
4667 Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared,
4668 which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the
4669 assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want. (If
4670 it IS what you want, put an & in front.)
4671 Your random numbers are not that random
4673 (F) When trying to initialise the random seed for hashes, Perl
4674 could not get any randomness out of your system. This usually
4675 indicates Something Very Wrong.
4676
4678 warnings, perllexwarn.
4679perl v5.12.4 2011-06-07 PERLDIAG(1)